Autapomorphies of Lonchogenys ilisha:

1. Length of supraoccipital spine (53): (0> 1) extends only to anterior limit of neural complex. Reversal of synapomorphy 5 of node 205. Paralleled in nodes 272 and 287 and in Bramocharax bransfordii and Deuterodon iguape .

2. Supraorbital (70): (1> 0) present. Reversal of synapomorphy 7 of node 205.

3. Foramen on articular condyle of quadrate (149): (0> 1) present. Paralleled in nodes 168, 211, and 231 and in Grundulus cochae, Hasemania nana, Hyphessobrycon eques .

4. Median predorsal scales (325): (0> 1) leaving naked area anterior to dorsal fin. Paralleled in the Serrasalmidae and in node 284.