Autapomorphies of Micralestes stormsi:

1. Ventral projection of lagenar capsule (3): (0> 1) extending ventrally to articulation between basioccipital and parasphenoid. Paralleled in the Serrasalmidae, in nodes 170, 205, and 302, and in Cyphocharax spilotus .

2. Posterior extent of third infraorbital (65): (0> 1) relatively reduced, angle of preopercle covered partially by fourth infraorbital. Paralleled in Hemiodus cf. thayeria, Piabucus melanostomus, and Pyrrhulina australis .

3. Supraorbital (70): (0> 1) absent. Paralleled in nodes 170, 185, and 205.

4. Laterosensory canal of sixth infraorbital (76): (1> 0) not branched. Paralleled in the Iguanodectinae, in node 203, and in Charax stenopterus, Cyphocharax stellatus, and Phenacogaster tegatus .

5. Position of opening on neurocranium communicating with laterosensory canal of sixth infraorbital (77): (0> 1) in frontal. Paralleled in nodes 193 and 249 and in Attonitus ephimeros .

6. Ventral margin of horizontal process of anguloarticular (109): (0> 1) perpendicular to laterosensory canal of dentary from medial view. Paralleled in node 199 and in Bario steindachneri, and Bramocharax bransfordii .

7. Cusps of teeth on outer premaxillary row (125): (0> 1) five or more cusps. Paralleled in nodes 265 and 294 and in Brycon orbignyanus, Bryconops melanurus, Gymnocharacinus bergii, and Nematocharax venustus . Some trees: Paralleled in Bryconamericus agna .

8. Posterior extent of ventral process of quadrate (151): (0> 1) falling short of posterior margin of symplectic. Paralleled in the Hyphessobrycon luetkenii clade and Iguanodectinae, in nodes 284, 289, and 298, and in Astyanax mexicanus, A. cf. rutilus, Aulixidens eugeniae, Cyphocharax spilotus, Diapoma speculiferum, Hemiodus cf. thayeria, Metynnis maculatus, Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae, Nematocharax venustus, Probolodus heterostomus, Psellogrammus kennedyi, and Pseudocorynopoma doriae . Some trees: Paralleled in node 302.

9. Ventral margin of anterior ceratohyal (179): (0> 1) with notches for articulation of branchiostegal rays. Paralleled in nodes 167 and 189 and in Brycon orbignyanus and Salminus brasiliensis .

10. Total number of transitional vertebrae (228): (0> 1) three or fewer. Paralleled in node 205 and in Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro, Characidium rachovii, Cyphocharax spilotus, and Triportheus pantanensis .

11. Posterior margin of cleithrum (234): (0> 1) with concavity ventral to first postcleithrum. Paralleled in node 189.

12. Form of third postcleithrum (250): (1> 0) slender, without associated lamella.

13. Supraneural anterior to neural spine of fourth vertebra (279): (1> 0) absent or small. Reversal of synapomorphy 7 of node 180. Paralleled in the Iguanodectinae and in node 204.

14. Bony lamellae associated with supraneurals (282): (0> 1) wider than primary axis of supraneurals. Paralleled in the Serrasalmidae .