Calendula tripterocarpa Ruprecht (1856: 231)

Gonçalves, Ana Carla, Ouhammoud, Ahmed, Amirouche, Rachid, Santos, Conceição, Figueiredo, Estrela & Silveira, Paulo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Calendula (Asteraceae) in Morocco, including some taxa from Algeria and Tunisia, Phytotaxa 605 (1), pp. 1-83 : 62

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.605.1.1

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scientific name

Calendula tripterocarpa Ruprecht (1856: 231)
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12. Calendula tripterocarpa Ruprecht (1856: 231) View in CoL View at ENA ; Fennane & Ibn Tattou (2005: 29); Le Floc’h & Boulos (2008: 95); Dobignard & Chatelain (2011: 189); Gonçalves et al. (2014: 270); Heyn et al. (1974: 178); Valdés et al. (2002: 671). Calendula aegyptiaca subsp. tripterocarpa (Rupr.) Lanza (1919: 110) . Type:— IRAQ. Mesopotamia: ‘Ad ripas Tigridis raram’, Noë 515, 407 (lectotype LE!, designated by Heyn et al. (1974: 178)).

Description:––Annual herbs. Stems (2) 5.6–15.8 (30) cm long, decumbent to diffuse, generally branched, with glandular hairs generally predominating over non-glandular hairs. Basal leaves (1) 2–3.2 (9.5) × (0.2) 0.3–0.5 (0.8) cm, (0.3) 0.3–0.4 (0.5) mm thick, linear-oblong, acute, margin repand-dentate, rarely sub-entire, base attenuated in a ± longer petiole, the middle and upper cauline leaves, are smaller, oblanceolate to lanceolate, usually auriculate, both with glandular hairs generally predominating over non-glandular hairs. Capitula solitary, (1.1) 1.2–1.4 (1.6) cm in diameter. Outer achenes trialate (5.7) 6.3–7.9 (9.5) × (4.5) 5.5–7.1 (8.5) mm, with wings entire to inconspicuously dentate, flat or muricated in the back, without dorsal spines; middle achenes cymbiform (4.2) 4.5–6.1 (6.7) × (3.5) 4.6–5.7 (6.7) mm, with ventral wings sub-equal or slightly surpassing the laterals; inner achenes vermiculate-exalate (2.2) 2.5–3.3 (4.2) × (0.7) 1–1.2 mm, circular or falcate; with small, apical and/or basal, ventral teeth. Figure 16 View FIGURE 16 .

Habitat and Distribution:— In grasslands, semi-desert to desert regions, sand, sandstone and gravel, rarely in ruderal/wasteland sites, at elevations of 0–450 m. In the south of Europe from Almeria to Murcia and Alicante ( Spain) to the south of France (occasional) and in all the north of Africa ( Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia) to the Middle East (see Gonçalves et al. (2018: 270)). Figure 15 View FIGURE 15 .

Conservation status:—Least Concern(LC).This is a widespread taxon in sub-arid areas of the south Mediterranean region.

Chromosome number:—2n = 30.

Genome size:—3.52 ± 0.12 pg.

Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2011) Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord. Dicotyledonae: Acanthaceae - Asteraceae, vol. 2. Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneve, 428 pp.

Goncalves, A. C., Ouhammou, A., Jury, S. & Silveira, P. (2014) Calendula L. In: Fennane, M., Ibn Tattou, M. & El Oualidi, J. (Eds.) Flore Pratique du Maroc. Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, pp. 270 - 275.

Goncalves, A. C., Castro, S., Paiva, J., Santos, C. & Silveira, P. (2018) Taxonomic revision of the genus Calendula (Asteraceae) in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Phytotaxa 352: 1 - 91. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 352.1.1

Heyn, C. C., Dagan, O. & Nachman, B. (1974) The annual Calendula species: taxonomy and relationships. Israel Journal of Botany 23: 169 - 201.

Lanza, D. (1919) Monografia del genere Calendula. Atti del Reale Istituto Veneto di Scienze 12: 1 - 166.

Le Floc'h, E., Boulos, L. & Vela, E. (2008) Catalogue synonymique commente de la Flore de Tunisie. Ministere de l'Environnement et du Developpement Durable & Banque Nationale de Genes, Tunis, 500 pp.

Ruprecht, F. J. (1856) Animadversiones. In: Plantas Nonnullas Horti Imp. Botanici Petropolitani (1851 - 1854). Bulletin de la Classe physicomathematique de l'Academie imperiale des sciences de Saint-Petersbourg 14: 229 - 240. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 173056 # page / 617 / mode / 1 up

Valdes, B., Rejdali, M., Achhal El Kadmiri, A., Jury, J. L. & Montserrat, J. M. (2002) Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du nord du Maroc, incluant des cles d'identification - Checklist of vascular plants of N Morocco with identification keys, vol. 2. Universidad de Sevilla. Madrid, 493 - 1007 pp. [https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / records / item / 13138 - catalogue-des-plantes-vasculaires-du-nord-dumaroc-volume-ii]

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FIGURE 15. Geographic distribution of Calendula arvensis, C. stellata, and C. tripterocarpa in Morocco.

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FIGURE 16. Variability of achene morphology of Calendula. A. C. meuselii (Silveira 3063, AVE); B. C. eckerleinii (Silveira 3064,AVE); C. C. oualidii (Silveira & Gonçalves 3339,AVE); D. C. davisii (Silveira & Gonçalves 3263,AVE); E. C. maroccana (Silveira 3144,AVE); F. C. maroccana (Silveira, Gonçalves, & Ouhammou 3295, AVE); G. C. murbeckii (Silveira, Gonçalves, & Ouhammou 3280, AVE); H. C. lanzae (Silveira, Gonçalves, & Ouhammou 3293, AVE); I. C. pinnatiloba (Silveira 3137, AVE); J. C. stellata (Silveira 3137, AVE); K. C. stellata (Silveira 3062, AVE); L. C. tripterocarpa (Silveira 3068, AVE). Rostrate achenes: A1, 2; B1, 2; C1, 2; D1, 2; E1-3; F1, 2; G1-4; H1-2; I1, 2; J1, 2; K1. Bialate achenes:A3, 4; B3, 4; E4, H4-6; K2. Cymbiform achenes: E7, 8; G7; H7, 8; I6; J3, 4; K4, 5; L2, 3. Trialate achenes: B5, 6; C3, 4; D4, 5; E5, 6; F3, 4; G5, 6; I3, 4; L1. Vermiculate-alate achenes: H9; J5; K6; L4. Vermiculate-exalate achenes:A5; B7; B8; C5, 6; D6, 7; E9, 10; F5, 6; G8; H10, I7, J6, K7; L5. All achenes in side view, except:A3, B4, B5, C3, D3, D5, E4, E5, F3, G5, H4, H5, H7, I3, I5, I6, J3, K2, K4, L1 and L2 in ventral face view, and A4, B3, B6, C4, D4, E6, F4, G6, H6, H8, I4, J4, K3, K5 and L3 in ± dorsal face view. Scale bars = 1 cm.