Trichoclinocera takagii, Saigusa, Toyohei & Sinclair, Bradley J., 2016

Saigusa, Toyohei & Sinclair, Bradley J., 2016, Revision of the Japanese species of Trichoclinocera Collin (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae), Zootaxa 4103 (3), pp. 201-229 : 219-220

Trichoclinocera takagii sp. nov.

( Figs 8 D, 9H, 11, 15D–F, 16H, 17O, P, 18O, P)

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, labelled: “(TOKUSHIMA) / Ichiu/ 3.vi.1981 / T. Gotô”; “[HOLOTYPE]/ Trichoclinocera / takagii / Saigusa et/ Sinclair, 2016 [red label]” ( KUMF). PARATYPES: JAPAN. HOKKAIDO: 2 ♀, Akan, Kushiro, 3.vii.1958, M. Takahashi ( KUMF); Sapporo, 2.vii.1960, Takagi (6 ♂, 12 ♀, HSU, KUMF, CNC); Sapporo, Maru-Y., 28.vi.1961, S. Takagi (2 ♂, 3 ♀, HUS); Simamatu, 12.vi.1964, I. Miyagi (1 ♂, 4 ♀, HUS); Titose, 14.viii.1962, S. Takagi (4 ♂, HUS, KUMF, CNC). HONSHU. Kyoto: 1 ♂, Kibune [35°7′15″ N 135°45′ 47″E], 8.vi.1963, TS (1 ♂, KUMF). Mie: Kushidagawa, Shô-chô, Matsusaka [34°30′9″ N 136°30′ 45″E], 26.iv.2013, Y. Shinogi (1 ♂, 1 ♀, KUMF); Kushidagawa, Hirose-machi, Matsusaka, 30.iv.2013, Y. Shinogi (1 ♂, 1 ♀, KUMF). Osaka: Myôkensan, Nose, 29.iv.1962, TS (1 ♂, KUMF). Wakayama: Kôyasan, Kôya-machi, 6.vi.1981, TG (15 ♂, 29 ♀, KUMF). Ya m a gu ch i: Chyomonkyo [34°21′41″ N 131°33′ 1″E], 4.viii.1963. I. Miyagi (4 ♂, 1 ♀, HUS). KYUSHU. Fukuoka: Magaribuchi, Sagara, 2.v.1962, TS (12 ♂, 17 ♀, KUMF, BMNH, CNC); same locality, 22.iv.1962, TS (8 ♀, KUMF). Miyazaki: Seki-no-O, 28.iv.1963, S. Takagi (8 ♂, HUS, KUMF, CNC). Oita: Kyûsuikyô, Kujûsan, 21.v.1962, TS (2 ♂, KUMF) same locality, 19.v.1962, TS (1 ♀, KUMF). SHIKOKU. Ehime: Omogo, Iyo, 14.vii.1952, S. Miyamoto (2 ♂, 3 ♀, KUMF); Omogokei, 27–28.v.1967, A. Nakanishi (6 ♂, 11 ♀, KUMF). Tokushima: same data as holotype (28 ♂, 57 ♀, KUMF, CNC).

Recognition. Distinguished from other Japanese species by lack of a distinct pterostigma, presence of antero- and posterodorsal bristles on mid and hind femora, and pale brownish face.

Description. Wing length 4.2–4.7 mm. Male. Clothed in blue pruinescence except vertex of head, scutum, and dorsum of abdomen brown. Head rounded; compound eyes large, rounded. Face with blue pruinescence, with median brown patch on carina and narrow dorsal stripe; face narrowest just below antennae, slightly wider than antennal sockets, lower margin of face with deep cleft and distinct carina; gena one-fifth as wide as height of eye. Ocellar bristles longest among cranial bristles; occiput with 2 pairs of bristles posterior to ocellar triangle; postocular with row of short bristles along margin of eye, upper half darker and more stout than lower bristles. Arista-like stylus long and slender, tapered apically. Palpus clavate, length greater than half height of eye.

Pleura, postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, postalar, prescutellar depression, and scutellum with bright blue pruinescence; posterolateral corner of scutum near postalar ridge bluish; scutum faintly bivittate. Thoracic setae long, some ca. as long as width of eye; acrostichal setulae lacking; 6–7 pairs dc; 1 pprn; 1 presut spal; 3 npl; 2 psut spal; 1 pal; 1 pair sctl, lacking setulae on disc; several setulae on postpronotal lobe and notopleural depression. Laterotergite with patch of pale setae; prothoracic episternum with long pale setae; katepisternum with pale setulae near middle, metepisternum with pale setulae at posterodorsal margin.

Wing narrow, infuscate ( Fig. 16 H); pterostigma lacking. Basal costal seta longer than posterior dc. Row of setulae from base of R to tip of R1; cell dm produced apically; R4 and R5 slightly curved, somewhat divergent throughout. Halter brown with pale base.

Legs greyish, generally darker towards tips, with coxae and trochanters clothed in blue pruinescence. Coxae with long, pale marginal setae. Fore femur ( Figs 17 O, P) with 2 stout, oblique anterior setae on apical third, separated by 1– 2 x length of setae; widely spaced row of 3–5 anterodorsal setae on apical two-thirds, less than half width of femur; row of 3 stout, widely spaced anteroventral setae on apical half, with short setae intermixed and apical row of ca. 6 similar sized setae; basal half with row of ca. 12–15 short, stout setae increasing in length basally; posteroventral margin with 3 stout, widely spaced setae on apical half, length ca. subequal to width of femur; basal fourth with row of 1 dark and several long, pale setae, longer than width of femur. Fore tibia with biserial row of short, stout setae beneath. Foreleg tarsomeres with white, dense ventral pubescence, length ca. half width of tarsomeres. Mid and hind femora with widely spaced pairs of antero- and posteroventral; widely spaced anterodorsal bristles on apical three-quarter; widely spaced posterodorsal bristles on apical half. Base of hind tibia with pair of divergent dorsal setae (1 posterodorsal and 1 anterodorsal); anteroventral margin lacking bristles; 1 dorsal and 1 ventral preapical bristles present. Tarsus length longer than corresponding fore tibia, shorter than mid and hind tibiae. Empodium pulvilliform, slightly shorter than claw, longer than half length of tarsomere.

Hypandrium quadrate, broad, shorter than epandrium ( Figs 8 D, 9H). Phallus extended slightly beyond apex of clasping cercus, gently arched at mid-length; apex with anterior, slender sickle-shaped extension enclosing membrane, ejaculatory apodeme nearly straight at anterior third. Surstylus narrow, short, inconspicuous with membranous posteroapical margin; anterior margin with short 1–2 teeth-like projections. Clasping cercus thumblike, broadest subapically, tapered to rounded apex; bearing peg-like setae on inner dorsal and apical face; long setae on anterior margin.

Female. Similar to male except as follows: basal anteroventral bristles of fore femur absent; posteroventral basal of setae less pronounced. Fore tibiae lacking biserial row of erect setae beneath ( Figs 18 O, P). Posterior marginal setae of tergum 7 fairly strong and evenly distributed, shorter dorsally; sternum 7 deeply emarginated posteriorly, with midventral length almost 1/2 as long as lateral length, bearing strong hind marginal setae mostly represented by three groups of closely set setae, one midventral and 2 sublateral, most other posterior marginal setae very short and pale, except 1 stronger seta occasionally appearing between midventral and lateral groups of setae; posterolateral part of sternum 7 with 1–2 moderately long isolated setae; tergum 8 with posterior marginal setae long and rather sparse dorsally, short laterally mixed with several moderately long setae; sternum 8 deeply emarginated posteriorly, densely clothed with minute pile-like setulae, sparsely clothed with minute setulae on lateral surface; tergite 10 with 2 strong apically curved setae and some 25 weaker curved setae on disc, basal ones only weakly curved apically; sternite 10 with short setae ( Figs 15 D–F).

Distribution. This is a wide ranging species, known from the Japanese islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu ( Fig. 11 ). Adults are collected in from May to July.

Etymology. Named in honour of the first collector of this species, Prof. Emeritus Sadao Takagi of Hokkaido University.

Figures

FIGURE 8. Male terminalia of Japanese species of Trichoclinocera, lateral view. A, T. setigera sp. nov.; B, T. shinogii sp. nov.; C, T. stigmatica sp. nov.; D, T. takagii sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Known distribution of Japanese species of Trichoclinocera: T. takagii sp. nov.

FIGURE 15. Female terminalia of Trichoclinocera, lateral view. A – C, Trichoclinocera stigmatica sp. nov. (Kujûsan, Kyushu); D – F, T. takagii sp. nov. (Ichiu, Shikoku); A, D: lateral aspect posterior from abdominal segment 7; B, E: ventral aspect posterior from abdominal segment 7; C, F: lateral aspect posterior from abdominal segment 8. Scale bars = 0.4 mm, except Figs C and F where scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 16. Male wings of Trichoclinocera spp. A, T. fuscipennis Saigusa (Magaribuchi, Kyushu); B, T. gracilis sp. nov. (Minamata, Kyushu); C, T. grandis sp. nov. (Kanayama, Yamanashi); D, T. miranda sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); E, T. setigera sp. nov. (Isedaki, Honshu); F, T. shinogii sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); G, T. stigmatica sp. nov. (Hirasawado, Kyushu); H, T. takagii sp. nov. (Ichiu, Shikoku). Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 17. Male left fore femora of Trichoclinocera, anterior (left) and posterior (right) views. A – B, T. fuscipennis Saigusa (Magaribuchi, Kyushu); C – D, T. gracilis sp. nov. (Minamata, Kyushu); E – F, T. grandis sp. nov. (Kanayama, Honshu); G – H, T. miranda sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); I – J, T. setigera sp. nov. (Ôkanbazawa, Honshu); K – L, T. shinogii sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); M – N, T. stigmatica sp. nov. (Kujûsan, Kyushu); O – P, T. takagii sp. nov. (Ichiu, Shikoku). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 18. Female left fore femora of Trichoclinocera, anterior (left) and posterior (right) views. A – B, T. fuscipennis Saigusa (Magaribuchi, Kyushu); C – D, T. gracilis sp. nov. (Minamata, Kyushu); E – F, T. grandis sp. nov. (Kanayama, Honshu); G – H, T. miranda sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); I – J, T. setigera sp. nov. (Spa Nakabusa, Honshu); K – L, T. shinogii sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); M – N, T. stigmatica sp. nov. (Kujûsan, Kyushu); O – P, T. takagii sp. nov. (Ichiu, Shikoku). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.