Bathycrinus australis A.H. Clark, 1907b
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.209419 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180825 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D558AA75-E019-4C65-6F85-FA9A590BFE02 |
treatment provided by |
Plazi |
scientific name |
Bathycrinus australis A.H. Clark, 1907b |
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Bathycrinus australis A.H. Clark, 1907b
Figure 2 View FIGURE 2 ; Tables 2–3 View TABLE 2 View TABLE 3 .
Synonymy: Bathycrinus aldrichianus Carpenter, 1884: 241 –243, pl. 7, pl. 7a (figs. 1–21), pl. 7b, pl. 8a (figs 4–5); Bathycrinus australis A.H. Clark, 1907b: 553 –554; Döderlein, 1912: 9–10, pl. 5 (fig. 1), pl. 6 (fig. 7); Ilycrinus australis A.H. Clark, 1915: 154 –155; Vaney & John, 1939: 661; Bathycrinus australis Gislén, 1938: 16 ; 1956: 61–62, pl. 1 (figs. 1–6); Mc Knight, 1973: 204–205; A.M. Clark, 1977: 162–164; Bathycrinus cf. aldrichianus Bohn, 2006: 7 –9, fig. 2A; Bathycrinus australis Mironov, 2008: 141 ,143.
Material examined. External morphological features of specimens examined ( Table 2 View TABLE 2 ) fall within the range of variation described by A.M. Clark (1977), especially with a flared radial ring and smooth flanged arms ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 A–B). Bohn (2006) reported only stalk fragments and a single incomplete juvenile crown from DIVA stations and attributed them to B. cf. aldrichianus mainly on biogeographical evidence. These specimens are attributed here to B. australis based the analysis of their stalk articulations.
Description of stalk articulations. The distal end of the stalk varies from several fused columnals bearing radicules that penetrate soft sediment ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 C) to robust ramification that encrust rocks or pebbles ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 E). Usually, the transition is gradual ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 D) between the mesistele which has columnals significantly higher than wide (ratio height to maximum diameter> 3 in mid mesistele), and the dististele in which columnals are nearly as high as wide ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 C, E). In the largest specimens, distal synarthries have a large extension of deep ligament fossae; each segment of the fulcral ridge is bottle-shaped and has two rows of 35–40 small crenulae underlining its axis ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 F–G). In the dististele of young specimens, synarthries resemble those of B. aldrichianus ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 H). Mesistele synarthries are well developed in juveniles and have larger and deeper ligamentary depressions ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 K–L), and medium-sized specimens have strongly rounded oval facets with the longest diameter perpendicular to the fulcral ridge. As growth increases, the fulcral ridge becomes relatively narrower around axial canal with convex lateral sides ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 I–J). Stalk articulations in B. australis and B. aldrichianus differ significantly, especially in their mesistele synarthries.
Occurrence. B. australis occurs in the South Atlantic with northern records from the deep Argentina plateau and Angola basin. It is also known from the Southern Ocean and the southern Indian Ocean from east of the Antarctic Peninsula to the Kermadec Trench and New Zealand ( Tables 2–3 View TABLE 2 View TABLE 3 ). The depth range is large and extends from 1525 m to 8210 m, possibly from 1488 to 8300 m.
cruises. *: after Bohn (2006).
Scotia 62°10’S – 41°20’W 3246 Vaney & John, 1939 1 specimen
TABLE 2. Sampling stations of B. australis A. H. Clark, 1907 b collected during R / V Polarstern (PS) and R / V Meteor (M)
Cruise/Station | Location | Depth (m) | Catalogue n° Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
EASIZ I/PS 39/18 AGT4b | 73°16.70’ S–21°25.50’W to 73°16.10’S–21°24.70’W | 1538–1543 | ZSM 20020004 10 specimens |
DIVA I/M 48/1-327 | 19°59.2'S–3°00.9'E to 20°07.5'S–3°07.9'E | 5439–5448 | ZSM 20043082 1 stalk fragment * |
DIVA I/M 48/1-334 | 19°12.5'S–3°49.0'E to 19°19.8'S–3°55.6'E | 5425–5426 | ZSM 20043081 3 stalk fragments * |
DIVA I/M 48/1-337 | 18°18.9'S–4°42.7'E to 18°24.6'S–4°45.1'E | 5392–5393 | ZSM 20043085 8 stalk fragments * ZSM 20020069 1 stalk fragment * |
DIVA I/M 48/1-339 | 18°19.4'S–4°42.1'E to 18°25.3'S–4°44.0'E | 5392–5395 | ZSM 20043083 7 stalk fragments * |
DIVA I/M 48/1-344 | 17°06.2'S–4°41.7'E to 17°07.5'S–4°42.3'E | 5415 | ZSM 20043084 1 stalk fragment * |
DIVA II/M 63/2-42 | 28°0,206’S–7°16,905’E to 28°4,029’S–7°20,821’E | 5082–5089 | ZSM 20070048 1 stalk fragment |
ANDEEP II/PS 61/131-4 | 65°19.47’S–51°32.55’W to 65°19.78’S–51°31.41’W | 3049–3052 | ZSM 20043097 1 stalk fragment ZSM 20043086 1 broken crown |
ANDEEP II/PS 61/132-3 | 65° 17.88’S–53°22.88’W to 65°17.35’S–53°22.89’W | 2087–2084 | ZSM 20043096 1 juvenile with prox- imal stalk |
ANDEEP II/PS 61/134-3 | 65°19.54’S–48°05.47’W to 65°19.47’S–48°04.27’W | 4060–4065 | ZSM 20043098 1 large specimen |
ANDEEP II/PS 61/138-4 | 62°57.80’S–27°52.14’W to 62°57.77’S–27°51.10’W | 4543–4545 | ZSM 20043095 1 specimen |
ANDEEP III/ PS 67/057-2 | 69°24.50’S–5°19.27’W to 69°24.62’S–5°19.68’W | 1819–1822 | ZSM 20070049 1 specimen |
ANDEEP III/PS 67/059-10 | 6730.37’S–03.74’E to 6730.27’S–04.34’E | 4648–4648 | ZSM 20070050 1 specimen |
ANDEEP III/ PS 67/153-7 | 6319.31’S–6436.94’W to 6319.15’S–6437.18’W | 2092–2118 | ZSM 20070051 1 specimen |
ANDEEP III/PS 67/153-8 | 63°19.21’S–64°37.07’W to 63°19.10’S–64°37.13’W | 2108–2124 | ZSM 20070052 235 specimens |
ANT XXI/2/PS 65/109-1 | 70°47.88’S–11°21.56’W to 70°47.88’S–11°24.13’W | 1488–1525 | ZSM 20070047 ~90 specimens |
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