Vexillum badense ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880 )

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2021, An overlooked diversity-the Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 4982 (1), pp. 1-70 : 48-50

Vexillum badense ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880)

Figs 16A 1 –A 2 , B 1 –B 2 , C 1 –C 2 , D 1 –D 2

[ Mitra ] pyramidella [Brcch.]— Hauer 1837: 417 [non Brocchi, 1814].

[ Mitra ] plicatula [Brcch.]— Hauer 1837: 417 [non Brocchi, 1814].

[ Mitra ] pyramidella [Brocc.]— Hörnes 1848: 16 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Mitra plicatula Brocc. — Hörnes 1848: 17 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Mitra pyramidella Brocc. — Hörnes 1852b: 107, pl. 10, figs 28a–b [non Brocchi, 1814].

[ Mitra ] pyramidella Brocc. — Auinger 1871: 8 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Costellaria Badensis nov. form.—Hoernes 1880: 125 [nomen nudum].

* Mitra (Costellaria) Badensis nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1880: 83.

Turricula plicatula Brocc. — Friedberg 1911: 28, pl. 1, fig. 20 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Vexillum (Uromitra) badense (Hö. Au.) — Sieber 1953: 188.

V [exillum]. (C [ostellaria].) badense (R. Hörn, et Au.)— Sieber 1958a: 153.

Vexillum (Costellaria) badense (R. Hörn. Auing.) — Sieber 1958b: 149.

Vexillum (Costellaria) badense (Hoern. & Auing.) — Báldi 1960: 75.

Vexillum (Costellaria) badensie [sic] Hoernes et Auinger— Csepreghy-Meznerics 1969: 93, pl. 5, figs 21, 29.

Vexillum (Costellaria) badense Hoernes et Auinger — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 30, pl. 14, figs 5–6.

Type material. Lectotype (designated herein): NHMW 1846 /0037/0102, Baden ( Austria), SL: 26.7 mm, MD: 8.0 mm, illustrated in Hörnes (1852b, pl. 10 figs 28a–b), figs 16A 1 –A 2 . Paralectotypes: NHMW 2020 /0084/0001, Vienna / Grinzing ( Austria), SL: 26.5 mm, MD: 7.6 mm, figs 16B 1 –B 2 ; NHMW 2020 /0085/0001, Baden ( Austria), SL: 24.7 mm, MD: 7.5 mm, figs 16C 1 –C 2 ; NHMW 2020 /0085/0002, 5 specimens, Baden ( Austria), SL: 21.6 mm, MD: 7.4 mm, figs 16D 1 –D 2 .

Revised description. Shell large, slender fusiform with weakly coeloconoid early spire, changing to slightly cyrtoconoid spire during ontogeny. Protoconch unknown. Teleoconch of eight whorls, with narrowly impressed suture. Early spire whorls straight-sided, later whorls weakly convex, with periphery in abapical third. Last whorl high, weakly constricted at base. Sculpture on early spire whorls consisting of narrow, sharp-crested, orthocline to weakly opisthocline axial ribs, separated by slightly wider interspaces. Abapically, ribs becoming low, wide-spaced (about 10 on penultimate whorl), most prominent along abapical suture; last whorl smooth. Spiral sculpture consisting of faint spiral grooves (rarely preserved), visible only under strong magnification. Few weak or subobsolete spiral cords on fasciole. Aperture moderately narrow, elongate, posteriorly narrowly angulated, with indistinct anal sinus. Columellar callus narrow, indistinct. Columella with four oblique folds, weakening abapically. Outer lip thin with short, delicate lirae within. Siphonal canal moderately long, straight or weakly bent to left, with shallow anterior notch.

Shell measurements and ratios. SL: 19.9–26.7 mm, MD: 6.3–8.0 mm; AA: 23–30°, AA: 45–52°, SL/MD: 3.4–3.5, AL/AW: 4.6–4.8, AH/S: 2.6–2.9.

Discussion. The species is characterised by its peculiar axial sculpture of widely spaced ribs, which fade towards the adapical suture. Its axial ribs and basal spiral cords may become subobsolete in some specimens, resulting in an almost smooth shell. Vexillum intermittens ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880) is distinguished by its opisthocline axial ribs on early spire whorls, the deeper suture, and the narrower spire angle.

Palaeoenvironment. The species is found in clay of the Baden Formation suggesting middle neritic settings with up to 250 m water depth ( Hohenegger et al. 2008). It is unclear, however, if all other localities represent the same depositional environment.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Dryszczów (Nadrichne), Żukowce (Zhukivtsi) ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1911); Vienna Basin: Baden, Vienna/Grinzing, Vienna/ Pötzleinsdorf, Steinebrunn ( Hoernes & Auinger 1880; Sieber 1953, 1958b); Pannonian Basin: Szokolya ( Hungary) ( Báldi 1960); Bükk Mountains ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972); Southern Carpathians: Bahna ( Romania) ( Tiţă 2007).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and southeastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea (for detailed maps with the localities mentioned in the text see Kroh (2005) and Nosowska (2020). The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea (modified from Harzhauser et al. 2007) showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E–Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Measurements to shell morphology and whorl profiles. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height. AL: aperture length. AW: aperture width. S: length of siphonal canal.

FIGURE 16 A1–A2. Vexillum badense (Hoernes &Auinger, 1880), lectotype, Baden (Austria), NHMW 1846/0037/0102. B1–B2. Vexillum badense (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), paralectotype, Vienna/Grinzing (Austria), NHMW 2020/0084/0001. C1–C2. Vexillum badense (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), paralectotype, Baden (Austria), NHMW 2020/0085/0001. D1–D2. Vexillum badense (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), paralectotype, Baden (Austria), NHMW 2020/0085/0002. E1–E2. Vexillum intermittens (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), paralectotype, Bad Vöslau (Austria), NHMW 1863/0015/0624. F1–F2. Vexillum intermittens (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), paralectotype, Bad Vöslau (Austria), NHMW 2020/0087/0001. G1–G2. Vexillum intermittens (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), lectotype, Bad Vöslau (Austria), NHMW 1846/0037/0105. H1–H2. Vexillum intermittens (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), paralectotype, Baden or Bad Vöslau (Austria), NHMW 2020/0087/0002. I1–I2. Vexillum michelottii (Hörnes, 1852), lectotype, Baden (Austria), NHMW 1851/0013/0001. J1–J2. Vexillum michelottii (Hörnes, 1852), paralectotype, Baden (Austria), NHMW 2020/0088/0001. K1–K2. Vexillum michelottii (Hörnes, 1852), Möllersdorf (Austria), NHMW 2020/0089/0001. L1–L2. Vexillum michelottii (Hörnes, 1852), Möllersdorf (Austria), NHMW 1869/0001/0249. M. Vexillum michelottii (Hörnes, 1852), Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1875/0009/0007.