Endecous (Endecous) peruassuensis Bolfarini

Bolfarini, Marcio P. & Bichuette, Maria Elina, 2015, Endecous peruassuensis n. sp. (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves of Eastern Brazil: evidence of isolation in the subterranean realm and discussion about troglomorphisms, Zootaxa 4032 (3), pp. 297-308 : 299-305

Endecous (Endecous) peruassuensis Bolfarini , n. sp.

( Figures1 G–L; 2C, C, D, F, G, I; 3D–F; 4E, F, H. Table 1)

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:471756

Type material. 1 male holotype, 3 males paratypes, 1 female paratype, Brazil, Minas Gerais state, Itacarambi, Olhos d’Água cave (23S 589246.803 mE; 8328939.507 mN). Bolfarini, M.P. & do Monte, B. G. O. leg. 1 female paratype, Brazil, Minas Gerais state, Itacarambi, Olhos d’Água cave (23S 589246.803 mE; 8328939.507 mN). do Monte, B; Gallão J.D. & von Schimonsky, D. M. leg, 23–24.x.2013. 2 males paratypes, 1 female paratype, Brazil, Minas Gerais state, Januária, Lapa do Cipó cave (23S 587658.464 mE; 8335305.908 mN), 05.vi.2014, Bolfarini, M.P. & do Monte, B. G. O. leg.

Specimens examined. 6 adult males, 3 adult females, 13 juveniles, same data as the type material.

Etymology. Toponimic, allusive to the Peruaçu Caves National Park, north of Minas Gerais state, eastern Brazil. "Peruaçu" in the native Brazilian Tupi-Guarani means "Great River" by combining the terms peru ("river") and açu ("great").

Diagnosis. Male. FWs with triangular, elongated mirror, formed by three cells, with a transversal vein in the apical cell ( Fig. 2 D II); chord formed by two elongated, straight cells; harp with four diagonals veins forming five uniform fields in width, with no secondary veins ( Fig. 2 D I); lateral field with two longitudinal veins, not reaching the mirror ( Fig. 2 D IV); anal field with close cells ( Fig. 2 D III); pars stridents with 72 teeth. Phallic complex with pseudepiphallic arms thin and flattened, curved; pseudepiphallic parameres short, distant from one another, presence of a membranous region in the middle that connects the proximal and apical parts; pseudepiphallic sclerite thin, sub straight; ectophallic apodeme few sclerotized, short; rami thin and straight, triangular in lateral view; ectophallic arc curved; endophallic sclerite well developed.

Description. Male holotype: body elongated, pubescent, general coloration yellow ( Fig. 1 J).Measurements shown in Table 1.Head: frons and clypeus yellow; gena yellow with inferior portion brown; labrum pale yellow; epicranial suture area glabrous; vertex and occiput marbled light brown ( Fig. 1 G). Antennal scape yellow, pilose; interantennal space same sized as scape ( Fig. 1 G). Distal margin of mandible yellow with dark apex. Maxillary palpi light yellow, fifth joint the longest, with dilated apex (ratio 4th joint/5th joint = 0, 78; Fig. 1 H). Eyes elongated, flattened, inferior border acuminated, border of ommatidia lightly depigmented ( Fig. 2 I). Ocelli absent. Thorax: Disk of pronotum wider than long, yellowish, lateral lobes with same color. Cephalic margin almost straight; caudal margin slightly convex; ( Fig. 1 K). Male’s FWs as figures 2C, D: Mirror triangular, elongated, formed by three cells, with a transversal vein in the apical one ( Fig. 2 D II); chord formed by two elongated cells, straight; harp with four diagonals vein forming five uniform fields in width, there are not secondary veins ( Fig. 2 D I); lateral field with two longitudinal veins, not touching the mirror ( Fig. 2 D IV); anal field with close cells ( Fig. 2 D III); pars stridents with 72 teeth. Male metanotum with two median (Med. P.) and two lateral projections (Lat. P.), apparently vestigial glandular structure ( Fig. 2 G).Legs I and II yellowish; TI: two ventral apical spurs, auditory tympana present; TII: four spurs, two internals (1 ventral, 1 dorsal) and two externals, the two dorsal are the smallest. Legs III yellowish, darker in distal portion; TIII yellowish, pubescent; TIII apical spurs: the median is the longest on the inner face and the dorsal is the longest on the outer face. Abdomen: tergites yellowish, the last one darker. Sternites pale yellow. Supra anal plate short, light brown, the distal margin arched with dense bristles ( Fig. 1 K). Subgenital plate with a translucent aspect, pubescent, flatted in the center, the posterior border lightly convex in the center ( Fig. 1 L). Cerci long (larger than body size), yellowish, with distal portion lighter, ratio (CCer/CC = 1, 23) 14.5/ 11.7 mm. Phallic complex: pseudepiphallic arms thin and flattened, curved to the parameres; pseudepiphallic parameres short, distant from one another, presence in the middle of a membranous region connecting the proximal and apical parts; pseudepiphallic sclerite thin, sub straight; ectophallic apodeme sclerotized, short; rami thin and straight, triangular in lateral view; ectophallic arc curved; endophallic sclerite well developed ( Fig. 3 D, E, F). Female: relatively similar to male, but larger, less pigmented and apterous; tympanum present in inner face of TI; supra-anal and subgenital plate light yellow, translucent, ovipositor slightly flattened laterally and very sclerotized.

Distribution. Known only for Olhos d’Água (Itacarambi municipality) and Lapa do Cipó (Januaria municipality) caves ( Figure 5 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Male general morphology. E. aguassay A—head in front view; B—maxillary palpi; C—Lateral view of head, pronotum and wings; D— habitus; E—Supra-anal plate; F—subgenital plate; E. peruassuensis sp. n. G—head in front view; H—maxillary palpi; I—lateral view of head, pronotum and wings; J— habitus; K—Supra-anal plate; L—subgenital plate.

FIGURE 2. Male general morphology. E. aguassay: A—FWs (B—scheme); E—TIII; H—eyes in lateral view. E. peruassuensis sp. n. C—FWs (D—scheme); F—TIII; G—metanotal structure; I—eyes in lateral view.

FIGURE 3. Male phallic complex. E. aguassay in dorsal view (A), ventral (B), and lateral (C). E. peruassuensis sp. n. in dorsal view (D), ventral (E) and lateral (F).

FIGURE 5. Map of distribution of Endecous aguassay, E. cavernicolus and E. peruassuensis n. sp.