Phrurolithus hamatus, Wang, Lu-Yu, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, 2012

Wang, Lu-Yu, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, 2012, Ant-like sac spiders from Jinyun Mountain Natural Reserve of Chongqing, China (Araneae: Corinnidae), Zootaxa 3431, pp. 37-53 : 44-46

Phrurolithus hamatus sp. nov.

Figures 6 B, 8–9

Type material. Holotype male, China, Chongqing, Jinyun Mountain Natural Reserve: Jinyun Temple, 29°50.192ʹ N, 106°23.751ʹ E, Alt. 749m, 7 May 2011, Z.S. Zhang leg. Paratypes: 6 males, 30 females, with same data as holotype; 1 male, 8 females, Jinyun Temple, 20 March 2010, L.Y. Wang, H.P. Wang and K.Y. Xu leg.; 4 males, 5 females, Jinyun Temple, 10 April 2010, Z.X. Li, L.Y. Wang and K.Y. Xu leg.; 9 males, 11 females, Jinyun Temple, 16 October 2011, M.X. Liu, D. Wang and L.Y. Wang leg.

Etymology. The specific name comes from the Latin word ‘ hamatus ’, meaning ‘hamate’ or ‘hook-like’, referring to the shape of the tip of the RTA; adjective.

Diagnosis. The new species is similar to P. cangshan ( Yang et al. 2009: 88, figs 1–6), but distinguished by the absence of small prolateral femoral process, the long PTA, the presence of a small hook at the tip of the RTA, the broad tegulum, and the retrolaterally curved embolus of the male palp, the relatively large copulatory openings, the wide distance of the posterior part of the bursae and the ball-like spermathecae with thin fertilization ducts anteriorly in the female epigyne ( Figs 8 A–E, 9E–I).

Description. Male ( Figs 6 B, 9A, 9C–D). Total length 2.36–2.47. Holotype total length 2.47. Prosoma 1.21 long, 1.02 wide; opisthosoma 1.18 long, 0.83 wide. Dorsum of prosoma yellowish brown, with high cephalic area. Fovea longitudinal. Cervical groove and radial furrows indistinct. Eight eyes in two rows. Both eye rows recurved in dorsal view. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.08, PME 0.04, PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.01, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.06, PME–PLE 0.07, ALE–PLE 0.04. MOA 0.16 long, front width 0.12, back width 0.12. Clypeus height 0.10. Chelicerae stout, yellowish brown, with 3 promarginal teeth and 1 retromarginal tooth. Gnathocoxae yellow brown, longer than wide. Labium yellow brown, as long as wide. Sternum yellow brown, heart-shaped, with sparse brown hairs. Leg measurements: I 3.91 (1.09, 1.50, 0.84, 0.48); II 3.46 (0.96, 1.13, 0.84, 0.53); III 3.44 (0.93, 1.06, 0.83, 0.62); IV 4.33 (1.11, 1.32, 1.19, 0.71). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma oval. Dorsum yellowish brown, with five bright chevron-like markings. Venter with some dark brown markings.

Male palp ( Figs 8 A–C, 9E–G). Femur with a ventral apophysis. RTA with a hooked tip. PTA long, extending forward along the dorsal surface of cymbium. Tegulum broad. Embolus anteriorly located, extending forward and then curved retrolaterally. Conductor membranous and small, near embolus.

Female (one of paratypes, Figs 8 B, 12B). Total length 2.67. Prosoma 1.16 long, 0.97 wide; opisthosoma 1.52 long, 1.07 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.08, PME 0.04, PLE 0.06; AME–AME 0.01, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.07, PME–PLE 0.05, ALE–PLE 0.04. MOA 0.15 long, front width 0.12, back width 0.13. Clypeus height 0.06. Leg measurements: I 3.66 (0.94, 1.35, 0.91, 0.46); II 3.16 (0.86, 1.10, 0.74, 0.46); III 2.81 (0.78, 0.84, 0.70, 0.49); IV 4.12 (1.10, 1.23, 1.12, 0.67). Leg formula: 4123.

Epigyne ( Figs 8 D–E, 9H–I). Atrium large, nearly heart-shaped. Copulatory openings located on the central part of atrium. Copulatory ducts long, with two large bursae anteriorly. Spermathecae subtriangular, located behind copulatory ducts, with thin fertilization ducts anteriorly.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality of Chongqing, China ( Fig. 14 ).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Photos of living specimens of Corinnidae from Jinyun Mt. (II). A. Otacilia taiwanica (Hayashi & Yoshida, 1993), female; B. Phrurolithus hamatus sp. nov., female; C. P. z o n g x u sp. nov., female.

FIGURE 8. Phrurolithus hamatus sp. nov., holotype male (A – C) and paratype female (D – E). A. Left male palp, prolateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Same, retrolateral view; D. Epigyne, ventral view; E. Vulva, dorsal view.

FIGURE 14. The location of Jinyun Mountain Natural Reserve in China.