Siphonodictyon crypticum ( Carballo, Hepburn, Nava, Cruz-Barraza & Bautísta-Guerrero, 2007 )

Pacheco, Cristian, Carballo, José Luis, Cortés, Jorge, Segovia, Johanna & Trejo, Alejandra, 2018, Excavating sponges from the Pacific of Central America, descriptions and a faunistic record, Zootaxa 4370 (5), pp. 451-491 : 483-484

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4370.5.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:88C1C5A7-3C4E-416D-A716-D8B3D62E720D
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5979165
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC2D87B2-7B4C-E570-5FB5-80FBFCA2F9B8
treatment provided by	Plazi (2018-01-15 06:15:27, last updated 2024-11-26 07:11:31)
scientific name	Siphonodictyon crypticum ( Carballo, Hepburn, Nava, Cruz-Barraza & Bautísta-Guerrero, 2007 )
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Siphonodictyon crypticum ( Carballo, Hepburn, Nava, Cruz-Barraza & Bautísta-Guerrero, 2007) View in CoL

Material examined. ICMARES.UES.CI.71: Playa el Faro, Los Cóbanos, El Salvador, 1.5 m, 24.X.2016, coll. Sofía Solórzano, det. José Luis Carballo.

External morphology. Endolithic sponge with three small fistulose tubes of 1.8 x 0.9 cm approximately ( Fig. 37). Color of fistules and choanosome white in life.

Excavation. Erosion extended multicamerate. Sponge scars with faint concentric ridges characteristic for Siphonodictyon ( Fig. 38A View FIGURE 38 ), diameters between 35 and 85 µm.

Spicules. Megascleres smooth, acerate oxeas, centrally slightly curved ( Fig. 38B View FIGURE 38 ). Microscleres absent. Oxea dimensions: 73–188 µm (x̅ =123.3, σ=35.6) x 3–11 µm (x̅ =4.9, σ=2.2).

Ecology. Found at 1.5 m depth in rubble.

Distribution and previous records. S. crypticum was described by Carballo et al. (2007) from Nayarit, Mexico. Only three later reports are available and were again for the Mexican Pacific ( Carballo et al. 2008a, 2008b, 2013). The latter publication stated that abundances of S. crypticum may have increased after reef deterioration. Scott et al. (1988) listed a Siphonodictyon species for Costa Rica. However, even though S. crypticum is common in the East Pacific and to date the only Siphonodictyon species known from there (Schönberg et al. 2017), we have no means to confirm the occurrence of S. crypticum in Costa Rica. Our account is the first report for Central America and El Salvador ( Fig. 39 View FIGURE39 ).

Remarks. We presently did not provide a very comprehensive description, because of the recent date and the detail of the original description ( Carballo et al. 2007). Our material agreed well with that of Carballo et al. (2007), and further information can be taken from that publication.

References

Carballo, J. L., Hepburn, L., Nava, H. H., Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Bautista-Guerrero, E. (2007) Coral boring Aka - species (Porifera: Phloeodictyidae) from Mexico with description of Aka cryptica sp. nov. Journal of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 87, 1477 - 1484. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315407055373

Scott, P. J. B., Risk, M. J. & Carriquiry, J. D. (1988) El Nino, bioerosion and the survival of East Pacific reefs. Proceedings of the 6 th International Coral Reef Symposium, Australia, 2, 517 - 520.

Carballo, J. L., Cruz-Barraza, J. A., Nava, H. & Bautista, E. (2008 a) Esponjas perforadoras de sustratos calcareos: importancia en los ecosistemas arrecifales del Pacifico este. CONABIO, Mexico City, 187 pp.

Carballo, J. L., Bautista-Guerrero, E. & Leyte-Morales, G. E. (2008 b) Boring sponges and the modeling of coral reefs in the east Pacific Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Serie s, 356, 113 - 1 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 07276

Carballo, J. L., Bautista, E., Nava, H., Cruz? Barraza, J. A. & Chavez, J. A. (2013) Boring sponges, an increasing threat for coral reefs affected by bleaching events. Ecology and Evolution, 3, 872 - 8 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.452