Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920

Okayasu, Juriya, 2020, Velvet ants of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Japan, Zootaxa 4723 (1), pp. 1-110 : 7

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4723.1.1
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DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5700274
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scientific name	Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920
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Tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920

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Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920: 23 .

Smicromyrminae: Invrea 1964: 151.

Diagnosis. MALE. Eye without setae; inner margin deeply notched. F1 length ~0.8 × that of F2. Scutellum simple, without median carina or postero-lateral denticle. Wing venations not reaching its apex; distance between origin of RS on vein Sc and base of stigmatic cell nearly 2 × stigmatic cell length; hind wing without anal lobe. Claws without inner denticles. Metasomal segment 1 narrow; segment 2 with lateral felt line on T and sometimes on S; S8 not reduced, plate-like; genitalia with symmetrical penis valves. FEMALE. Head not enlarged; eye oval, slightly protruding from head capsule, without setae; Maxillary palpus six segmented; labial palpus four segmented. Mesosoma widest at pronotum or propodeum; mesopleuron concave; meso-metapleural suture ending at pronotal spiracle; dorsum of propodeum without row of denticles. Claws without inner denticles. T1 much narrower than T2, not petiolate; T2 with one median, two transverse (some Mickelomyrme Lelej, 1995 ) or three transverse basal spots of pale setae, rarely with one basal, two lateral and one apical spot (some Physetopoda Schuster, 1949 ) or without any spots; T2 rarely with basal band of pale setae (some Dentilla Lelej, 1980 ).

Genera included. 26 genera and four subgenera. See Brothers & Lelej (2017). The genera Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870 , Nemka Lelej, 1985 , Mickelomyrme Lelej, 1995 , Andreimyrme Lelej, 1995 , Ephucilla Lelej, 1995 and Sinotilla Lelej, 1995 are recognized from Japan.

Distribution. Afrotropical, Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Lelej 2007).

References

Bischoff, H. (1920 - 1921) Monographie der Mutilliden Afrikas. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 86 A (1 - 3) & 86 A (4 - 5), 1 - 480 (1920) & 481 - 830 (1921).

Brothers, D. J. & Lelej, A. S. (2017) Phylogeny and higher classification of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) based on morphological reanalyses. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 60, 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 60.20091

Invrea, F. (1964) Mutillidae-Myrmosidae. Fauna d'Italia, 5. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, xii + 302 pp. + [1].

Lelej, A. S. & Kabakov, O. N. (1980) On Bradynobaenidae and Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of Afghanistan. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 59 (1), 181 - 196. [in Russian, English translation (1981) in Entomological Review, 59 (1), 141 - 156]

Lelej, A. S. (1985) The velvet ants (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) of the USSR and neighboring countries. Nauka, Leningrad, 268 pp. [in Russian]

Schuster, R. M. (1949) Contribution towards a monograph of the Mutillidae of the Neotropical region. III. A key to the subfamilies represented and descriptions of several new genera (Hymenoptera). Entomologica Americana, New Series, 29 (3 - 4), 59 - 140.

Thomson, C. G. (1870) Ofversigt af Sveriges rofsteklar. Opuscula Entomologica, Lund, 1 (2), 202 - 251.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, ♂♀ in couple, male grasping the pronotal collar of female with his mandibles.

FIGURE 2. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, Japan, habitus.A–B. ♂, typical form, Ehime; C–D. ♂, nigricula form, Hokkaidô; E–F. ♀, Ehime; G–H. holotype, Sm. lewisi, ♀; I–J. holotype, Sm. momidziyama Tsuneki, ♀; A, C, E, G, I. dorsal view; B, D, F, H, J. lateral view.

FIGURE 3. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, ♂, Japan. A–B. Typical form, Ehime; C–D. nigricula form, Hokkaidô; A, C. meso- soma, dorsal view; B, D. metasoma, dorsal view; a = humeral width; b = pronotal width; c = mesonotal width; d = mesoscutal width; e = mesoscutal length; f = dorsal T2 length; g = T2 width.

FIGURE 4. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, ♂, Japan. A–C, G. Typical form, Ehime; D–F, H. nigricula form, Hokkaidô; A, D. head, dorsal view; B, E. head, lateral view; C, F. head, frontal view; G, H. tegula; a = head length; b = head width; c = OL; d = POL; e/f = GOI; g = OOL; h = LOD; I = MOD; j = tegula length; k = tegula width.

FIGURE 5. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, ♂, Japan. A, C, E. Typical form, Ehime; B, D, F. nigricula form, Hokkaidô; A–B. wings; C–D. male genitalia, inner view; E–F. penis valve.

FIGURE 6. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, ♀, Japan. A–B. Ehime; C–D. holotype, Sm. lewisi; E–F. holotype, Sm. momidziyama Tsuneki; A, C, E. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D, F. metasoma, dorsal view; a = dorsal thoracic length; b = humeral width; c = pronotal width; d = mesonotal width; e = propodeal width; f = metasomal width; g = minimum distance between basomedial pale spot and apical pale band; h = dorsal T2 length.

FIGURE 7. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, ♀, Japan. A–C, J. Ehime; D–F, K. holotype, Sm. lewisi; G–I, L. holotype, Sm. momidziyama Tsuneki; A, D, G. head, dorsal view; B, E, H. head, lateral view; C, F, I. head, frontal view; J–L. pygidial area; a = head length; b = head width; c/d = GOI; e = eye height; f = malar length; g = minimum distance between eyes.

FIGURE 8. Smicromyrme lewisi Mickel, ♀. A. Original description and habitus illustration of Mutilla cameroni Yano; B–E. color variation of mesosoma. A from Yano (1932): 326.

FIGURE 9. Nemka spp., ♂, habitus. A–B. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Kyôto; C–D. holotype, N. chihpenchia (Tsuneki); E–F. N. limi (Chen); A, C, E. dorsal view; B, D, F. lateral view.

FIGURE 10. Nemka spp., ♀, habitus. A–B. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Chiba; C–D. paratype, N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov.; E–F. lectotype, N. wotani (Zavattari); G–H. paratype, N. limi limi (Chen); I–J. paratype, N. limi nanhai (Chen); A, C, E, G, I. dorsal view; B, D, F, H, J. lateral view.

FIGURE 11. Nemka spp., ♂. A–B. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Kyôto; C–D. holotype, N. chihpenchia (Tsuneki); E–F. N. limi (Chen); A, C, E. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D, F. metasoma, dorsal view.

FIGURE 12. Nemka spp., ♂. A–C, J. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Kyôto; D–F, K. holotype, N. chihpenchia (Tsuneki); G–I, L. N. limi (Chen); A, D, G. head, dorsal view; B, E, H. head, lateral view; C, F, I. head, frontal view; J–L. tegula.

FIGURE 13. Nemka spp., ♂. A, D–E. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Kyôto; B. N. wotani (Zavattari); F–G. holotype, N. chihpenchia (Tsuneki); C, H–I. N. limi (Chen); A–C. wings; D, F, H. male genitalia, inner view; E, G, I. penis valve.

FIGURE 14. Nemka spp., ♂. A–C. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Kyôto; D–F. N. wotani (Zavattari); G–I. N. limi (Chen); A, D, G. gena; B, E, H. lateral face of pronotum; C, F, I. precoxal tubercle on mesopleuron.

FIGURE 15. Nemka spp., ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view. A. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Chiba; B. paratype, N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov.; C. lectotype, N. wotani (Zavattari); D. paratype, N. limi limi (Chen); E. paratype, N. limi nanhai (Chen).

FIGURE 16. Nemka spp., ♀, metasoma, dorsal view.A. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Chiba; B. paratype, N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov.; C. lectotype, N. wotani (Zavattari); D. paratype, N. limi limi (Chen); E. paratype, N. limi nanhai (Chen).

FIGURE 17. Nemka spp., ♀, head.A–C. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Chiba; D–F. paratype, N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov.; G–I. lectotype, N. wotani (Zavattari); J–L. paratype, N. limi limi (Chen); A, D, G, J. dorsal view; B, E, H, K. lateral view; C, F, I, L. frontal view.

FIGURE 18. Nemka spp., ♀. A–C, H. paratype, N. limi nanhai (Chen); D. N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov., Chiba; E. paratype, N. yasumatsui (Mickel), stat. rev. et comb. nov.; F. lectotype, N. wotani (Zavattari); G. paratype, N. limi limi (Chen); A. head, dorsal view; B. head, lateral view; C. head, frontal view; D–H. pygidial area.

FIGURE 19. Mickelomyrme hageni (Zavattari), habitus. A–B. ♂, Ishigaki-jima Is.; C–D. lectotype, Mi. hageni, ♂; E–F. ♀, Ishigaki-jima Is.; G–H. lectotype, Mi. alberici (Zavattari), ♀; A, C, E, G. dorsal view; B, D, F, H. lateral view.

FIGURE 20. Mickelomyrme spp., habitus. A–B. Mi. athalia (Pagden), ♂; C–D. paratype, Mi. yunnanensis Lelej, ♀.

FIGURE 21. Mickelomyrme spp., ♂. A–B. Mi. hageni (Zavattari), Ishigaki-jima Is.; C–D. lectotype, Mi. hageni; E–F. Mi. atahlia (Pagden); A, C, E. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D, F. metasoma, dorsal view.

FIGURE 22. Mickelomyrme spp., ♂. A–C, J. Mi. hageni (Zavattari), Ishigaki-jima Is.; D–F, K. lectotype, Mi. hageni; G–I, L. Mi. atahlia (Pagden); A, D, G. head, dorsal view; B, E, H. head, lateral view; C, F, I. head, frontal view; J–L. tegula.

FIGURE 23. Mickelomyrme spp., ♂. A, C–D. Mi. hageni (Zavattari), Ishigaki-jima Is.; E–F. lectotype, Mi. hageni; B, G–H. Mi. atahlia (Pagden); A–B. wings; C, E, G. male genitalia, inner view; D, F, H. penis valve.

FIGURE 24. Mickelomyrme hageni (Zavattari), ♂, T7. A. Lectotype; B. Ishigaki-jima Is.; C. Yonaguni-jima Is.; D. Ishigakijima Is.

FIGURE 25. Mickelomyrme spp., ♀. A–B. Mi. hageni (Zavattari), Ishigaki-jima Is.; C–D. lectotype, Mu. alberici Zavattari; E–F. paratype, Mi. yunnanensis Lelej; A, C, E. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D, F. metasoma, dorsal view.

FIGURE 26. Mickelomyrme spp., ♀. A–C, J. Mi. hageni (Zavattari), Ishigaki-jima Is.; D–F, K. lectotype, Mu. alberici Zavattari; G–I, L. paratype, Mi. yunnanensis Lelej; A, D, G. head, dorsal view; B, E, H. head, lateral view; C, F, I. head, frontal view; J–L. pygidial area.

FIGURE 27. Mickelomyrme spp., ♀, vertex.A. paratype, Mi. yunnanensis Lelej; B. Mi. pusillaeformis (Hammer), Indonesia; C. lectotype, Mu. alberici Zavattari; D. Mi. hageni (Zavattari), Taiwan; E. Mi. hageni, Yonaguni-jima Is.; F. Mi. hageni, Ishigakijima Is.

FIGURE 28. Andreimyrme substriolata (Chen), ♀, habitus. A–B. Amami-ôshima Is.; C–D. holotype, A. substriolata; E–F. holotype, Sm. tridentiens Chen; G–H. paratype, A. substriolata; I. Taiwan; J. Okinawa-jima Is.

FIGURE 29. Andreimyrme substriolata (Chen), ♀. A–B. Amami-ôshima Is.; C–D. paratype, A. substriolata; A, C. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D. metasoma, dorsal view.

FIGURE 30. Andreimyrme substriolata (Chen), ♀. A–C, G. Amami-ôshima Is.; D–F, H. paratype, A. substriolata; A, D. head, dorsal view; B, E. head, lateral view; C, F. head, frontal view; G–H. pygidial area.

FIGURE 31. Andreimyrme davidi (André), ♂ in TARI, China.A. Habitus, lateral view; B. head, frontal view; C. male genitalia, inner view; D. penis valve; E. labels.

FIGURE 32. Ephucilla spp., ♂, habitus. A–B. Holotype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; C–D. holotype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; E–F. holotype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; G–H. paralectotype, E. naja (Zavattari); A, C, E, G. dorsal view; B, D, F, H. lateral view.

FIGURE 33. Ephucilla spp., ♀, habitus. A–B. Paratype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; C–D. paratype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; E–F. paratype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; G–H. holotype, E. thalia (Mickel); A, C, E, G. dorsal view; B, D, F, H. lateral view.

FIGURE 34. Ephucilla spp., ♂. A–B. Holotype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; C–D. E. suginoi sp. nov., holotype; E–F. E. brevitegula sp. nov., holotype; G–H. E. naja (Zavattari), paralectotype; A, C, E, G. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D, F, H. metasoma, dorsal view.

FIGURE 35. Ephucilla spp., ♂. A–B. Paratypes, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; C. holotype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; D. holotype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; E. holotype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; F. paralectotype, E. naja (Zavattari); A–B. mesosoma, dorsal view; C–F. tegula.

FIGURE 36. Ephucilla spp., ♂, head.A–C. Holotype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; D–F. holotype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; G–I. holotype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; J–L. paralectotype, E. naja (Zavattari);A, D, G, J. dorsal view; B, E, H, K. lateral view; C, F, I, L. frontal view.

FIGURE 37. Ephucilla spp., ♂, wings. A. Holotype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; B. holotype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; C. holotype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; D. E. naja (Zavattari).

FIGURE 38. Ephucilla spp., ♂. A–B. Holotype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; C–D. holotype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; E–F. holotype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; G–H. paralectotype, E. naja (Zavattari); A, C, E, G. male genitalia, inner view; B, D, F, H. penis valve.

FIGURE 39. Ephucilla spp., ♀. A–B. Paratype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; C–D. paratype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; E–F. paratype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; G–H. holotype, E. thalia (Mickel); A, C, E, G. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D, F, H. metasoma, dorsal view.

FIGURE 40. Ephucilla spp., ♀, head. A–C. Paratype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; D–F. paratype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; G–I. paratype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; J–L. holotype, E. thalia (Mickel); A, D, G, J. dorsal view; B, E, H, K. lateral view; C, F, I, L. frontal view.

FIGURE 41. Ephucilla spp., ♀, pygidial area. A. Paratype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; B. paratype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; C. paratype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; D. holotype, E. thalia (Mickel).

FIGURE 42. Ephucilla spp., ♀, dorsal pronotal tooth. A. Paratype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; B. paratype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; C. paratype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; D. holotype, E. thalia (Mickel).

FIGURE 43. Ephucilla spp., ♀, humeral carina. A. Paratype, E. yoshitakei sp. nov.; B. paratype, E. suginoi sp. nov.; C. paratype, E. brevitegula sp. nov.; D. holotype, E. thalia (Mickel).

FIGURE 44. Type locality of Ephucilla brevitegula sp. nov. in Iriomote-jima Island (photo by K. Kuroda).

FIGURE 45. Mt. Tangmadan-shan in Taiwan. A. Dry evergreen broadleaf forest floor where Ephucilla naja was collected; B. a hollow of a pine tree on the mountain ridge where E. thalia was collected.

FIGURE 46. Sinotilla jambar sp. nov., ♂, holotype.A. habitus, dorsal view; B. habitus, lateral view; C. mesosoma, dorsal view; D. metasoma, dorsal view; E. head, dorsal view; F. head, lateral view; G. head, frontal view; H. wings; I. male genitalia, inner view; J. penis valve.