Neorhinotora amapaensis Guimarães & Papavero 1966

Almeida, Júlia C. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2008, Taxonomic review of Neorhinotora Lopes 1934 (Diptera, Heleomyzidae), Zootaxa 1936, pp. 40-58 : 43-47

Neorhinotora amapaensis Guimarães & Papavero 1966

( Figs. 1 a, 2, 3a)

Neorhinotora amapaensis Guimarães & Papavero 1966: 263 , Figs. 1–2 (illustrations of male genitalia); Papavero 1967: 1 (catalog).

Diagnosis. Occiput yellow. Arista bare. Wing with pale spots; spot of vein dm-cu not connected to spots of R4+5 and M. Surstylus robust, prolonged dorsoventrally, flattened laterally and with a basal protuberance on the inner surface.

Redescription. MALE (Holotype).

Body: 5.0 mm (according to Guimarães and Papavero [1966]) abdomen missing. Wing: 4.5 mm (4.0 mm, according to Guimarães and Papavero [1996]).

Head. Frons pale brown, yellowish around compound eyes, on lunula and below the ocellar triangle on a median longitudinal stripe; pruinescence silvery to golden. Vertex with yellow and brown regions, shiny, with translucent and opaque regions. Ocellar triangle pale brown. Median occipital sclerite pale yellow, with translucent and opaque regions, with fine silvery pruinescence. Occiput shiny, yellow, translucent on the border with the median occipital sclerite. Gena pale brown, concave on its anterior half. Postgena yellow on visible surface, setulae pale and thin. Face wide, brown, with two paler lateral protuberances. Antenna dark yellow; flagellomere 1 yellow, somewhat paler than scape and pedicel; arista bare, pale yellow on the base and darker at distal two-thirds. Subcranial margin prominent, brown. Mouthparts dark brown; clypeus prominent, shiny, with a stripe of fine silvery pruinescence laterally on the lower margin; proboscis prolonged.

Thorax. Scutum brown, with yellowish regions and two median longitudinal paler stripes progressively more distant from each other posteriorly; pruinescence sparse, fine, silvery to golden, denser on the base of postpronotal lobe and forming a spot dorsally. Scutellum dilated laterally on the apex, excavated longitudinally, obliquely directed upward, largely yellow, brownish distally; pruinescence silvery, forming two lateral spots near lateral seta. Pleura shiny, mostly brown, darker anteriorly and paler posteriorly with sparse spots of silvery to yellowish pruinescence. Propleura with dense silvery pruinescence. Anepisternum shiny, with fine silvery pruinescence mainly on upper portion of the posterior half, which extends as an irregular oblique band ending at the lower anterior margin of proepimeron. Katepisternun with fine and silvery pruinescence on the lower margin. Anepimeron with spots of fine silvery pruinescence on the upper portion of the posterior half. Metapleura with shiny regions and irregular spots of fine silvery pruinescence.

Legs. Predominantly brown; covering setulae pale brown. Fore coxa dark brown, dilated; setulae pale on anterior and anterodorsal surfaces; pruinescence fine and silvery on anterior and posterior regions, and on the base of dorsal region. Fore trochanter pale brown with a longitudinal band of fine silvery pruinescence on anterior surface. Fore femur brown with numerous strong setae and some sparse, fine and longer ones on anterior surface; setulae pale on posteroventral surface. Fore tibia brown. Fore tarsus dark brown. Mid coxa brown; setulae pale on anterior region. Mid trochanter yellow; setulae pale on ventral surface; pruinescence fine, silvery. Mid femur brown. Mid tibia brown. Mid tarsomeres 1–3 yellow, 4–5 darker. Hind coxa shiny, pale brown; setulae pale on ventral and anterior surfaces. Hind trochanter yellow, setulae pale on ventral surface. Hind femur brown, shiny on posterior region; setae pale on two distal thirds of anteroventral region, shorter and darker distally; one basal pale fine seta on the base of anteroventral region; setulae pale on dorsal, ventral and anterior regions. Hind tibia pale brown. Hind tarsus similar to mid tarsus; last two or three mid and hind tarsomeres darker than other tarsomeres.

Wing. Membrane slightly smoky ( Fig. 1 a), with dark spots around cross-veins r-m and dm-cu, between R2+3–R4+5 fork and R1 fork, and paler spots on distal extremity of R4+5 and M; dm-cu spot not linked to distal extremity of R4+5 and M spots; C darker anterior to costal break at the apex of Sc and with a small yellow spot distal to this break; r-m broken in the middle; supernumerary veins absent.

Abdomen. Missing (genitalia mounted on a slide attached to the specimen pin). According to Guimarães and Papavero (1966: 263), N. amapaensis agrees in all aspects to N. aristalis , regarding their external morphology. Male genitalia ( Fig. 2 ): epandrium edge around anus more rounded than in N. aristalis and N. mutica . Surstylus robust, more elongated dorsoventrally and flattened laterally, with a basal protuberance on the inner surface; numerous strong setulae on the internal surface and slender ones on the remaining extension. Cerci fused together, forming a triangular structure in dorsal view. FEMALE. Almost identical to male, the main differences being the less robust legs, the femur and tibia less dilated than on male, and the ventral setae weaker.

Variation. Body length of specimens ranging from 4.29 mm to 6.81 mm; wing length ranging from 3.71 mm to 5.52 mm (often shorter than body). Body coloration varying from predominantly pale brown to dark brown. Coloration on the scutum varying from reddish to yellowish brown); presence of spots and stripes on the scutum variable. Wing sometimes without a break on the r-m vein.

Comments. The pruinescence of the face (not observable in holotype) has tints of golden, silver, and copper, forming a central triangle and extending laterally and below the lateral protuberances, as well as on a small spot between the antennae. The general pattern of pruinescence is very similar to that of N. aristalis and N. mutica , although it is denser in N. mutica . Abdomen setulose laterally; fine golden to silver pruinescence covering most of its surface; tergites pale to dark brown; sternites pale yellow; sternite 8 with pale setulae and a basal transversal stripe of pruinescence. Surstylus robust, sometimes slightly more elongated and slender.

N. amapaensis is very similar to N. aristalis , the two being distinguished by the male genitalia, particularly by the shape of the surstylus. N. amapaensis differs from N. mutica by the shape of surstylus, the shorter body, bare arista ( N. mutica with fine short pubescence on arista), occiput yellow (without the dark brown region found in N. mutica ); spots of wing paler, dm-cu spot not linked to R4+5 and M spots (dm-cu spot linked to R4+5 and M spots in N. mutica ); more prominent protuberances of the face; pruinescence less dense and setae weaker, overall. The phallapodeme of N. amapaensis is not so curved dorsally as in N. aristalis and it is thinner than in N. aristalis and N. mutica . The phallus is shorter than in N. aristalis , more similar to the phallus of N. mutica . The ejaculatory apodeme is similar to that of N. aristalis , with a not as dilated base and without projections. Females of N. amapaensis and N. aristalis are indistinguishable, as noticed by Guimarães and Papavero (1996).

Examined type-material. Male holotype [MZSP], labeled: “Serra do Navio / Terr. Amapá BRASIL / 2.x–1957 / K. Lenko: leg.; Holótipo (red label); 28.767”.

Holotype condition: arista glued to the eyes by some sort of resin, damaging the face; scutum damaged by thick entomological pin; apical seta of scutellum lost; right mid tarsus lost; abdomen lost; genitalia mounted on a slide attached to the specimen pin.

Additional material examined. BRAZIL, Pará: Belém (Área de Pesquisas Ecológicas Rio Guamá), 09.ix.1982, I. S. Gorayeb, 2 ɗ [ MPEG]; Amazonas: [all INPA except where noted] Presidente Figueiredo (Vila de Balbina, Sussuarana trail, modified McPhail trap, slope, 15 m height suspended, bait of sugarcane syrup 10%), 05–09.x.2003, J. C. Almeida, ɗ; Manaus (Rodovia AM-010, km 26, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke), 17.v.1996, 4 ɗ; (open area, lowland), 30.v.1996, E. F. Soares & A. L. Pinheiro, ɗ; (bait of fecces, 8 m height suspended), 27.v.1996, 2 ɗ; 10.xi.1988, Y. Camara & J. E. Binda, ɗ; (bait of fruits), 17–24.iii.1999, Y. Camara & J. F. Vidal, ɗ; 16.iii–06. iv.1999, 4 ɗ; 06.xi.2002, E. F. Soares & A. L. Pinheiro, ɗ; (open area, plateau), 18.vii.2002, ɗ; (modified McPhail trap), 25–31.x.2002, A. P. Tregue-Costa, ɗ; (15 m height suspended), 16.v.2003, 3 ɗ; (25 m height suspended), ɗ; (15 m height suspended), 20.v.2003, ɗ; (15 m height suspended), 23.v.2003, 2 ɗ; (5 m height suspended), 06.vi.2003, 2 ɗ; (15 m height suspended), 16.vi.2003, 2 ɗ; (5 m height suspended), 24.vi.2003, ɗ; (25 m height suspended), ɗ; (25 m height suspended), 24.vii.2003, ɗ; (bait of sugarcane syrup 10%, 5 m height suspended), 15.viii.2003, 2 ɗ; (25 m height suspended), ɗ; (25 m height suspended), 29.ix.2003, ɗ; (25 m height suspended), 23.x.2003, ɗ; (25 m height suspended), 16.x.2003, ɗ; 28.xi.2002, ɗ; (Barro Branco, lowland, 20 m height suspended), 10–13.v.2004, J. C. Almeida, ɗ; (1.5 m de altura), 13–17.v.2004, ɗ; (1.5 m height suspended, plateau), 17–20. v.2004, 2 ɗ; (Tinga, lowland, 20 m height suspended), 13–17.v.2004, ɗ; (1.5 m height suspended), 17–20. v.2004, 2 ɗ; (plateau, 1.5 m height suspended), 18–23.iii.2004, ɗ; (guava juice), 17–24.vi.2004, ɗ. Distrito Federal: Brasília, ix.1969, ɗ [ MNRJ]. PERU, Ucayali: Pucallpa, 13.iv.1965, J. Schunke, ɗ [ BMNH].

Unidentified material examined (females of N. amapaensis or N. aristalis ): BRAZIL, Amazonas [all INPA except where noted]: Presidente Figueiredo (Vila de Balbina, modified McPhail trap, 1.5 m height suspended, forest, plateau, bait of sugarcane syrup 10%), 16–22.x.2003, J. C. Almeida, Ψ; (AM-010, km31, Embrapa, Shannon trap, bait of fruit), 20.ii.1991, L. P. Albuquerque & J. E. Bindá, Ψ; 31.x.1990, Ψ; 20.ii.1991, Ψ; Manaus (Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, AM-010 km26), 16.iii-06.iv.1989, Y. Camara & J. F. Vidal, Ψ; 15–22.ix.1988, Y. Camara & J. E. Bindá, Ψ; 10–17.xi.1988, Ψ; 27.iv–04. v.1989, 3 Ψ; 24.v- 01.vi.1989, Ψ; 20–15.vi.1998, Ψ; 18.xii.2002, E. F. Soares & A. L. Pinheiro, Ψ; 30.iv.2003, 6 Ψ; v.2003, 3 Ψ; 24.vii.2002, Ψ; (open area, plateau, modified McPhail trap, 15 m height suspended, bait of sugarcane syrup 10%), 16.v.2003, A. P. Tregue-Costa, 3 Ψ; (15 m height suspended), 20.v.2003, 7 Ψ; (25 m height suspended), 2 Ψ; (5 m height suspended), 06.vi.2003, Ψ; (15 m height suspended), 2 Ψ; (25 m height suspended), Ψ; (15 m height suspended), 16.vi.2003, 2 Ψ; (25 m height suspended), 29.vi.2003, 6 Ψ; (5 m height suspended), 26.viii.2003, 4 Ψ; (15 m height suspended), Ψ; (25 m height suspended), Ψ; (5 m height suspended), 16.ix.2003, Ψ; (15 m height suspended), Ψ; (15 m height suspended), 29.ix.2003, 3 Ψ; (5 m height suspended), 16.x.2003, 4 Ψ; (15 m height suspended), Ψ; (25 m height suspended), Ψ; (15 m height suspended), 23.x.2003, Ψ; (25 m height suspended), 2 Ψ; (15 m height suspended), 27.xii.2002, Ψ; (Ipiranga, 2º59'68''S, 59º53'87''W), 25–31.x.2003, Ψ; Goiás: Goianésia, x.1969, H. Ebert, Ψ [ MNRJ]; 17.v.1996, 2 Ψ [ INPA]; Minas Gerais: Cambuquira, 28.iii.1975, H. S. Lopes, 2 Ψ [ MNRJ]; São Paulo: (Faz. Jacarecatinga), 10-15.vi.1963, Rabello, Ψ [ MZSP]. PERU, Ucayali: Pucallpa, 13.iv.1965, J. Schunke, Ψ [ BMNH].

Geographical distribution. BRAZIL: Amapá (Serra do Navio), Amazonas (Manaus, Presidente Figueiredo), Distrito Federal ( Brasília), Pará (Belém); PERU: Ucayali (Pucallpa).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Wings of species of Neorhinotora Lopes. (a) N. amapaensis Guimarães & Papavero; (b) N. aristalis (Fischer); (c) N. fonsecai (Lopes) (holotype); (d) N. mutica (Schiner); (e) N. diversa (Giglio-Tos), modified from J. McAlpine (1987: Fig. 92.3, p. 990).

FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Neorhinotora amapaensis Guimarães & Papavero. (a) Ventral view; (b) dorsal view (epandrium and cerci); (c) dorsal view (epandrial complex not shown); (d) lateral view (epandrial complex not shown); (e) lateral view (hypandrial complex simplified). Bacilliform sclerite: bac; cerci: cer; epandrium: epa; ejaculatory apodeme: eja; postgonite: pog; hypandrium: hyp; phallapodeme: pap; phallus: pha; pregonite: prg; spermatic sac: sps; surstylus: sur.