Tomarus bituberculatus ( Palisot de Beauvois, 1811 )

López-García, Margarita M., Giraldo-Mendoza, Alfredo E. & Deloya, Cuauhtémoc, 2019, Taxonomic synopsis of the genus Tomarus Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Peru, Zootaxa 4604 (3), pp. 428-440 : 429-430

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4604.3.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8EF9BFFE-BC10-41C0-AEF1-178984F955F1
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5412535
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B31B0803-2427-FF9F-FF4F-C1DCA8DBFCA2
treatment provided by	Plazi (2019-05-15 10:53:11, last updated 2024-11-29 16:05:24)
scientific name	Tomarus bituberculatus ( Palisot de Beauvois, 1811 )
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Treatment

Tomarus bituberculatus ( Palisot de Beauvois, 1811)

( Figs. 1–4 View FIGURES 1–4 )

Scarabaeus bituberculatus Palisot de Beauvois, 1811: 103 View in CoL

Ligyrus latifovea Bates, 1888: 315 View in CoL

Ligyrus maximus Arrow, 1913: 466 View in CoL

Ligyrus latus Arrow, 1914: 273 View in CoL

Diagnosis. Tomarus bituberculatus is characterized by the antennal club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7; clypeus narrowed towards apex (base 2.5 times wider than apex); frontoclypeal tubercles conical; pronotal tubercle acute and prominent; pronotal fovea transversely oval (as wide as interocular distance); protibial tridentate, rarely with an additional basal denticle; apex of metatibia with 15–17 spinules; parameres with a small, acute tooth on each side, apical half strongly contracted and slender, apices triangularly expanded ( Figs. 2–3 View FIGURES 1–4 ).

Locality records ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1–4 ). 56 males and 81 females from FSCA, MEKRB, UNSM, and USNM . 13 specimens from CMNC. Ayacucho (1): La Mar, Santa Rosa. Huánuco (14): Tingo María. Ica (1): Ica. Junín (3): Chanchamayo, La Merced. Loreto (81): Alto Amazonas, Yurimaguas. Explorama Inn, 25 mi. NE Iquitos; Explorama Lodge, 50 mi. NE Iquitos; Iquitos . Yanamono. Pasco (1): Oxapampa, Villa Rica. San Martín (34): Moyobamba. Nuevo Progreso. San Agustín. Tocache. Uchiza. Ucayali (11): Laguna Yarinacocha. Pucallpa. Imprecise data: Peru (4) .

Temporal distribution. January (14), February (1), March (5), April (16), May (5), June (2), July (35), August (10), September (30), October (11), November (6), December (2). No data (13).

Distribution. Mexico, Guatemala ( Ratcliffe et al. 2013), Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador ( Ratcliffe & Cave 2006), Costa Rica, Panama ( Ratcliffe 2003), Colombia ( López-García et al. 2015), Venezuela ( Escalona & Joly 2006), Ecuador ( Carvajal et al. 2011), Peru, Trinidad, Brazil, and Bolivia (Endr̂di 1985).

Natural history. The examined specimens were found between 104–1500 m. Twenty-five individuals were collected in oil palm plantations in the department of San Martín. Couturier et al. (1996) cited this species as a pest of rice crops in the Peruvian Amazonia (Loreto).

References

Arrow, G. J. (1913) Some new species of lamellicorn beetles from Brazil. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11, 8, 456 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931308693338

Arrow, G. J. (1914) Some further notes on lamellicorn beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 14, 8, 257 - 276, 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931408693584

Bates, H. W. (1888) Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia, Family Dynastinae. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera, 2 (Part 2), pp. 296 - 342.

Carvajal, V., Villamarin, C. & Ortega, A. M. (2011) Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales generos. Serie Entomologia 1. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, xviii + 350 pp.

Couturier, G., Inga, H. & Tanchiva, E. (1996) Insectos plaga del arroz en Loreto, Amazonia peruana. Revista Peruana de Entomologia, 39, 131 - 134.

Escalona, H. E. & Joly, L. J. (2006) El genero Ligyrus Burmeister, 1847 en Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). Boletin Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 39, 111 - 137.

Lopez-Garcia, M. M., Gasca-Alvarez, H. J. & Amat-Garcia, G. (2015) The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution. Zootaxa, 4048 (4), 451 - 492. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4048.4.1

Palisot de Beauvois, A. M. F. J. (1811) Insectes Recueillis en Afrique et en Amerique, dans les Royaumes d'Oware et de Benin, a Saint-Dominigue et dans les Etats-Unis, pendant les Annees 1786 - 1797. Livraison 7. Levrault, Schoell, et Cie, Paris, 20 pp. [pp. 101 - 120]

Ratcliffe, B. C. (2003) The dynastine scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 16, 1 - 506.

Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D. (2006) The dynastine scarab beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 21, 1 - 424.

Ratcliffe, B. C., Cave, R. D. & Cano, E. B. (2013) The dynastine scarab beetles of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 27, 1 - 666.

Figures

FIGURES 1–4. Tomarus bituberculatus: 1, habitus; 2, parameres in frontal view; 3, parameres in lateral view; 4, locality records in Peru. Habitus photograph by Yony Callohuari.

Abbreviations

FSCA	Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology
UNSM	University of Nebraska State Museum
USNM	Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History