Liriomyza okrae, Sousa & Couri, 2018

Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues De & Couri, Márcia Souto, 2018, A new species of Liriomyza Mik (Diptera, Agromyzidae) on okra in Brazil, Zootaxa 4410 (3), pp. 551-558 : 552-557

Liriomyza okrae sp. nov.

Holotype Ƌ Rondônia: Monte Negro. S10°13'43" W63°14'00", 24.v.2012. Sousa, V.R. col. ; paratypes 2 ♂, same data as holotype (all in MNRJ) .

Description. Male. Body length 1.0– 1.1 mm; wing length 1.57–1.6 mm ( Figs. 1 and 2 )

Colour. Frons and fronto-orbital plate dark brown; ocellar triangle dark brown; lunule and face mat dark brown; clypeus black subshining; gena dark brown; scape and pedicel yellowish brown; first flagellomere strongly yellow; arista brown; palpus light brown; proboscis and labellum whitish-yellow, with white setae; postpronotum and scutum slightly shining dark brown; scutellum brownish; notopleuron and anepimeron dark brown, anepisternum with posterior margin narrowly yellow; katepimeron, katepisternum and meron dark brown; haltere entirely whitish yellow; calypter grey, with margin and fringe brown; wing clear; legs entirely dark brown; pulvilli light yellow; abdomen and terminalia dark brown.

Head. Frons not visible above eye margin in lateral profile; 3 reclinate superior frontal setae, 2 erect inferior frontal setae of similar size, with the posterior shorter than the anterior; frontal vitta absent; eye bare; ocellar long, strong, parallel, and forward directed; inner vertical seta long and strong; outer vertical seta strong and outward directed; one row of strong subvibrissal setae; orbital setulae erect, in one row; facial keel undifferenciated; eye height/parafacialia+gena: 6.6; ocellar triangle short, ending before second superior orbital seta; lunule normal, less than 1/3 of frons length; clypeus rounded; epistoma very narrow and barely visible, height 0.02 mm; first flagellomere rounded and finely pubescent; arista almost as long as vertical height of eye, finely pubescent; vibrissa measuring 1/4 of aristal length.

Thorax. Acrostichals in 4 irregular rows; prescutellar seta absent; 1+3 dorsocentral setae; one intra-alar seta; one long presutural and one strong postsutural supra-alar seta; one post-alar seta; one long postpronotal seta; propleural seta not visible; postpronotal seta absent; two long and strong pairs of scutellar setae, one sub-basal and one apical; two notopleural setae, similar in size; katepisternum with several longer developed setulae and one long and strong posterior seta.

Wings. Subcostal vein complete and thin, extending to costa independently from R1; vein M ending closer to wing apex than R4+5; costal vein extending to M; length of ultimate section of vein CuA1 divided by the penultimate section: 3; cell dm present; vein r-m at middle of cell dm.

Legs. Mid tibia without differentiated setae.

Male genitalia. Epandrium rounded with long setae and two strong spines on each side and other 2 strong spines on each inner margin ( Figs 3, 4 ); cercus long and setulose, about half height of epandrium; surstylus separate from epandrium, round and with one strong spine; hypandrium U-shaped; phallapodeme about twice the length of hypandrium; basiphallus shallowly curved ventrally; paraphallus absent, hypophallus long; mesophallus narrow and strongly sclerotized, length twice width in lateral view, 2.6 times width in ventral view; distiphallus large and rounded, with one spined process on each side ( Fig. 5, 6 ); ejaculatory apodeme very broad, at its broadest part about eight times wider than the constricted area at base ( Fig. 7 ).

Female. Unknown.

Host-plant. Linear mine on Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (Malvaceae) ( Fig. 8 ).

Larvae in third instar. Larval length: 1.6 mm; yellow; cephalopharyngeal skeleton with dorsal arm long, and ventral arm about 2/3 as long; each mandible with 2 large teeth ( Figs 9 and 10 ). Length of anterior spiracles about 0.04 mm, fan-shaped and each with 5 small openings in a single row ( Fig. 11 ). Posterior spiracles with 3 subequal projecting bulbs ( Fig. 12 ).

Puparium. Orange-brown, barrel-shaped, anterior spiracle with seven openings each and tegument just below with seven tubercles ( Figs. 13 and 14 ); intersegmental spicules disposed in many irregular rows ( Fig. 15 ); posterior spiracles disposed in projections ( Fig. 16 ).

Distribution. Brazil: Rondônia.

Etymology: The species epithet is in reference to the common English name of the host plant.

Comments. This new species resembles Liriomyza flaviantennata (Spencer) and L. australis (Spencer) , but some diagnostic characters of the new species can differentiate them: wing length 1.57 mm (1.9 in L. flaviantennata ), base of the ejaculatory apodeme slightly longer than in L. flaviantennata , surstylus well developed and with a strong spine and epandrium separated from surstylus (in the original description of L. flaviantennata , it was mentioned that the surstylus was not separated from the epandrium, but the examination of images of the male terminalia of the holotype showed that it is separated ( Fig. 23 ), as in new species). The new species has two strong spines on inner side of epandrium as in L. australis (absent in L. flaviantennata ), but the distiphallus shape, the presence of the surstylus, the presence of a strong spine on each side of the surstylus (surstylus undifferentiated in L. australis ) support these as distinct taxa. We compared the male terminalia of the new species with images of the terminalia of the holotypes of L. flaviantennata (deposited at Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, MZUSP) and L. australis (deposited at California Academy of Sciences, CAS) ( Figs 17–25 ).

Figures

FIGURES 1–2. Liriomyza okrae sp. nov., adult male (1) lateral view; (2) frontal view.

FIGURES 3–7. Liriomyza okrae sp. nov.: (3) Epandrium, ventral view; (4) epandrium lateral view; (5) male genitalia, ventral view (6) phallus, lateral view; (7) ejaculatory apodeme;

FIGURES 8–12. (8) host-plant—linear mine on Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (Malvaceae); Liriomyza okrae sp. nov., larvae: (9) cephalopharyngeal skeleton, lateral view; (10) two teeth of mandible; (11) anterior spiracle; (12) posterior spiracle.

FIGURES13–16. Liriomyza okrae sp. nov., puparium (13) anterior spiracle;(14) anterior spiracle details; (15) Intersegmental membrane; (16) posterior spiracle.Scale bars = 50 µm except Fig.14 = 5 µm.

FIGURES 17–25. Liriomyza australis (Spencer), holotype male, deposited at California Academy of Sciences: (17) lateral view; (18) epandrium, ventral view; (19) phallus, lateral view; (20) ejaculatory apodeme; (21) holotype labels. Liriomyza flaviantennata(Spencer), holotype male deposited at Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo: (22) lateral view; (23) terminalia, ventral view; (24) ejaculatory apodeme; (25) holotype labels.