Tatia strigata Soares-Porto, 1995

Sarmento-Soares, Luisa Maria & Martins-Pinheiro, Ronaldo Fernando, 2008, A systematic revision of Tatia (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae: Centromochlinae), Neotropical Ichthyology 6 (3), pp. 495-542 : 534-539

Tatia strigata Soares-Porto, 1995 Figs. 40-42

Tatia cf. brunnea . Burgess, 1989: 242, pl. 113. [tropical South America].

Tatia strigata Soares-Porto, 1995: 202 , fig. 1. [type locality: igarapé Limãozinho, Maués, Amazonas, Brazil]. Burgess & Finley, 1996:166 [reference]. Soares-Porto, 1998: 333 [citation]. Ferraris, 2003:477 [checklist]. Lasso et al., 2005: 139 [Alto Orinoco, Orinoco]. Ferraris, 2007: 78 [checklist].

Diagnosis. Tatia strigata is the only species of the genus with a completely striped color pattern, bearing whitish elongate longitudinal irregular stripes along lateral sides of body. A unique arrangement of adult male modified anal fin is present, with the second unbranched anal-fin ray with anterior enlarged segments and a notch formed by the reduction of the second and third branched rays ( Soares-Porto, 1995). Tatia strigata is also distinguished from all congeners by a combination of characteristics: four branched pectoral-fin rays; 7 ribs; 29-30 vertebrae; and mature males with upper caudal-fin lobe slightly elongated, same length in females.

Description. Measured specimens 36.5-55.0 mm SL; morphometric data presented in Table 13. Body slim, head slightly depressed dorso-ventrally. Head large, robust, outline of head in dorsal view somewhat elliptic, broader than long. Trunk from dorsal-fin base to caudal peduncle gradually compressed. Lateral profile of head from snout tip to opercular margin slightly convex until pectoral-fin insertion. Ventral profile of head and abdomen flat. Ventral profile of body gently curved, concave behind anal-fin origin. Head integument thin, cranial roof visible; well-developed adipose eye lid; eye latero-dorsally located in anterior portion of head; mouth terminal, upper lip extended postero-laterally as well-developed fleshy rictal fold; anterior nostril tubular, located on anterior border of snout; posterior nostril large, rounded, limited by small skin flap; transverse distance between anterior nostrils larger than distance between posterior ones. Maxillary barbel short, extending close to posterior tip of postcleithral process, sometimes shorter; mental barbel short, tips not reaching pectoralfin base, arranged in arc along ventral surface of jaw; inner mental barbel about 50.0-60.0% length of outer mentals. Postcleithral process almost reaching vertical through origin of dorsal fin. Caudal peduncle deep, depth about 13.6-14.5% SL.

Rostral border of cranium with mesethmoid as large as long; premaxilla underneath with synchondral articulation; large elliptical cranial fontanel bounded by mesethmoid and frontal ( Fig. 41 ); nasal ossified with medial flanges partially sutured to lateral margin of mesethmoid; autopalatine tubular, oriented obliquely to longitudinal axis of body; maxilla about the same size as autopalatine; prevomer expanded anteriorly with well developed arrow-shaped lateral processes; jaws of equal size; premaxilla and dentary with three rows of conical teeth. First nuchal plate somewhat pentagonal; second nuchal plate concave along lateral margins; third nuchal plate curved, projected laterally. Epioccipital process very small.

Suspensorium, hyoid arch, branchial skeleton and opercular bones as in generic description. Suprapreopercle present as short canal bone. Six branchiostegal rays articulated with hyoid arch: four with anterior ceratohyal and two with posterior ceratohyal; last one flattened.

Four infraorbital bones in incomplete series. Infraorbital 1 broad, with short ventro-lateral process; remaining infraorbitals thin, reduced to canalicular portions. Infraorbital 2 smallest, close to infraorbital 1, followed by non-ossified portion of canal below eye and by two posterior canal bones much close to sphenotic, forming posterior orbital rim. Lateral line on body with ossified canal bones limited to head.

Dorsal fin I,4-5 (n=10); dorsal-fin spine with 15-20 antrorse serrations along entire anterior margin; posterior margin smooth. Pectoral fin I,4 (n=10), pectoral-fin spine with 17-21 antrorse serrations along anterior margin; 13-15 retrorse serrations along posterior margin; serrations along both margins progressively larger towards spine tip. Pelvic-fin i,5 (n=10); margin rounded. Adipose fin small, origin on vertical through end of anal-fin base.Anal fin iii, 6-7 (n=10); anal-fin pterygiophores in eight rod-like proximal radials and seven cartilaginous distal radials. Caudal fin forked, lobes with rounded tips, 8+9 principal rays, 7-19 upper procurrent, 7-17 lower procurrent rays (n=10). Pleural ribs 7 attached to consecutive vertebrae. Post-Weberian vertebrae 29-30 (n=3).

Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface, dorsal mid-line and lateral parts of body striated with light narrow longitudinal stripes. Dorsal surface of head and nuchal shield dark brown. Lips and anterior nostrils whitish. Ventral parts of head around chin whitish. Paired fins and anal fin hyaline. Adipose fin with dark base and hyaline tip. Caudal fin with dark brown rays and light brown membranes. Burgess (1989: pl. 113) illustrates live aquarium specimen.

Sexual dimorphism. A single adult male with modified anal fin was examined (MCZ 78092). Only young females are available, and genital papilla is not observed. A genital papilla is visible in the single mature male, with a thick skin flap around deferent duct. The anal fin of mature male ( Fig. 42 ) is strongly modified, with three unbranched and the first two branched rays enlarged and thickened. The first unbranched ray has a rough anterior border and a curved tip ( Fig. 42 , ui). The second unbranched ray has the median segments enlarged anteriorly, projecting over the anterior ray ( Fig. 42 , uii); few segments are retrorsely curved ( Fig. 42 , rc). The third unbranched ray is the longest, forming a short tip ( Fig. 42 , uiii). The first and second branched anal-fin rays have retrorsely curved distal segments ( Fig. 42 , rc). The second and third branched rays are shorter, forming a central notch in the distal margin of the anal fin. Posterior branched rays are normally developed, forming a rounded posterior margin, about 20% more elongated than the anterior margin.

The caudal-fin upper lobe is more elongated in mature males. Sexual dimorphism is not investigated as only young females are available.

Distribution. Tatia strigata is recorded from central Amazon basin, Negro river and Casiquiare Channel ( Fig. 6 ). Tatia strigata is sympatric with T. dunni in the Casiquiare Channel and Negro river.

Remarks. Four branched pectoral-fin rays in T. strigata is not a common count within the genus. Species of Tatia with only four branched pectoral-fin rays are T. boemia , T. gyrina , T. meesi , some T. neivai and some T. intermedia .

A male anal fin with a notched distal margin is observed in both T. strigata and T. aulopygia , but the position of the notch is different. In T. strigata the notch is formed by reduction of the second and third branched rays vs. reduction of fourth and fifth branched rays in T. aulopygia . The notched distal margin in male anal fin is not restricted to Tatia . Such a condition is also observed in Glanidium leopardus , with shortening of the fourth to sixth branched rays.

Material examined. 80 specimens (16.3-55.0 mm SL). Holotype. Brazil: Amazonas : MZUSP 44065 , male (38.9 mm SL), Maués, igarapé Limãozinho (holotype of Tatia strigata ) . Paratypes. Brazil: Amazonas: MCZ 78092, 1 (55.0 mm SL), lake Cristalino, off Negro river near Manaus ; MZUSP 7357 , 35 (20.5-38.6 mm SL), Maués, igarapé Limãozinho ; MZUSP 7298 , 23 (16.3-31.2 mm SL) and MZUSP 44066 , 2 CS (37.0- 38.9 mm SL), Maués, igarapé of Marau river ; MZUSP 44069 , 1 CS female (29.4 mm SL), Canumã, igarapé on the left margin of Canumã river . Venezuela : ANSP 165795 , 5 (24.5-30.0 mm SL), Amazonas: brook of Casiquiare river, downstream from mouth of Pamoni river (paratypes of Tatia strigata ) .

Key to species of Tatia :

1. Nasal ossified, tubular, not sutured to mesethmoid. Caudal peduncle depth less than 13.1% SL. Adult size between 28.0-46.6mmSL……………………………………………2

1’. Nasal ossified with wide medial flanges partially sutured to lateral margins of mesethmoid ( Fig. 8 ). Caudal peduncle depth greater than 13.6% SL. Adult size greater than 48.0 mmSL...………...……………………………..…..…………4

2. Lower jaw slightly protruding beyond upper; prevomer small, with rostro-lateral process limited in size; ribs 5-6; post-Weberian vertebrae 29-30. Mature males with externally elongate deferent duct and swollen anal-fin base ( Fig. 26 ). Ground color whitish with brown spots, pattern mottled or irregularly striped. Ventral surface of head covered with short brown irregular stripes. Body with characteristic dark band along lateral line …………………………………… ……………… Tatia gyrina ( Fig. 25 , Amazon and Suriname)

2’. Jaws equal in length; prevomer arrow-shaped with welldeveloped rostro-lateral process; ribs 7-9; post-Weberian vertebrae 32-34. Mature males with short emergent deferent duct and thick anal-fin base ( Fig. 18 and 32 ). Ground color brownish. Ventral surface of head whitish or brownish around chin barbels; no dark band along lateral line…3

3. Cranial fontanel relatively narrow with two openings, anterior one between mesethmoid and frontal and posterior one limited to frontal ( Fig. 31 ); infraorbital 1 with short ventral process, restricted to anterior border of eye; pectoral-fin I,4; snout depth 44.8% HL or less ………………… …………………………… Tatia meesi ( Fig. 30 , Essequibo)

3’. Cranial fontanel wide, with single opening ( Fig. 17 ); infraorbital 1 with pronounced ventral process, almost reaching ventral border of eye; pectoral-fin I,5; snout depth 46.8% HL or more ………………………………………… ……… Tatia caxiuanensis ( Fig. 16 , Curuá, lower Amazon) vertical through origin of dorsal fin; pelvic-fin tip dark …............. Tatia nigra ( Fig. 36 , central and lower Amazon).

7. Snout length 23.1-33.3% HL; eye 27.1-42.9% HL; ribs 7; post-Weberian vertebrae less than 34 ……..……………. 8

7’. Snout length 36.1-44.3% HL; eye 21.4-26.5% HL; ribs 9-11; post-Weberian vertebrae more than 33 ……….………… 9

8. Narrow elliptical cranial fontanel ( Fig. 23 ); eye 37.0-42.9% HL; pectoral fin with 5 branched rays; post-Weberian vertebrae typically 32-33, rarely 30; sides of body usually dark with light rounded spots, or sometimes uniformly pale brown …………………… Tatia galaxias ( Fig. 22 , Orinoco)

8’. Large cranial fontanel ( Fig. 41 ); eye 27.1-30.3% HL; pectoral fin with 4 branched rays; post-Weberian vertebrae 29-30; sides of body dark with light, narrow, irregular, longitudinal stripes… Tatia strigata ( Fig. 40 , central Amazon and Negro)

9. Cranial fontanel long, extending between mesethmoid and frontal ( Fig. 28 ); mature male genital papilla without skin flap around deferent duct (see Fig. 9 ); notch absent from distal margin of modified anal fin in mature males (i.e., central fin rays not reduced); third anal-fin ray in males comparatively long, between 7.5-10.0% SL; post-Weberian vertebrae34-36…………………………………………………10

4. First nuchal plate small, rounded ( Fig. 11 ); pectoral fin usually I,4, sometimes I,5; eye relatively small, 17.4-24.2% HL; last two precaudal centra posterior to the Weberian apparatus alternatingly unribbed and ribbed ………………… 5

4’. First nuchal plate large, somewhat pentagonal ( Fig. 37 ); pectoral fin usually I, 5, sometimes I, 4; eye relatively large, 21.4-33.0% HL; all post-Weberian vertebrae consecutively ribbed…………………………………………………………6

5. Pectoral-fin spine, 22.0-27.1% SL; mouth width 47.9-52.9% HL; post-Weberian vertebrae 31-33; color pattern brownish dorsally, irregularly speckled over sides of body; caudal fin with irregular dark bars …………………………….. ……………… Tatia neivai ( Fig.33 , upper Paraná-Paraguay)

5’. Pectoral-fin spine, 19.8-21.8% SL; mouth width 39.0-43.2% HL; post-Weberian vertebrae 34; color pattern greyishbrown dorsally, with small dark chromatophores over lateral and dorsal parts of body; caudal fin pale, with small spots over distal portions of rays ………………………… ………………..…… Tatia boemia ( Fig. 10 , upper Uruguay)

6. Postcleithral process long, 15.6-21.8% SL, almost reaching vertical through origin of dorsal fin; pelvic-fin tip whitish ………………………………………………………7

6’. Postcleithral process short, 12.0-14.4% SL, not reaching

9’. Cranial fontanel short, opening restricted to frontal ( Fig. 8 ); mature male genital papilla with thick skin flap around deferent duct; notch present in distal margin of modified anal fin in mature males (i.e., central fin rays reduced); third anal-fin ray in males comparatively short, between 5.2-7.0% SL; post-Weberian vertebrae 38-39 ……………… …………………… Tatia aulopygia ( Fig. 7 , upper Madeira)

10. Body coloration variable: usually with ellipsoid spots present on body and caudal fin ( Fig. 27 b,c ), or sometimes coloration uniformly brown; caudal fin pale ( Fig. 27a ); large adult specimens (> 72 mm SL) usually with prevomerine teeth; male modified anal fin with 3-6 elongate antrorse denticulations along distal anterior margin of third unbranched ray ( Fig. 29 ) …………………… Tatia intermedia ( Fig. 27 , Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Amapá and eastern Pará, Brazil, lower Amazon and Tocantins)

10’. Body coloration mottled with irregular blotches or stripes; caudal fin with whitish spots or blotches; no prevomerine teeth, even in large adult specimens; male modified anal fin with sharp distal tip and 1-3 short antrorse denticulations along distal anterior margin of third unbranched ray ( Figs.14 and 20 )…………………………………………… 11

11. Head width 76.0-80.1% HL; mouth width 48.1-52.3% HL; pectoral-fin spine uniformly dark brown, without transverse bands; anal-fin rays usually iii, 6-7; modified anal fin in mature males with first unbranched ray unsegmented ( Fig. 21 ) …................ Tatia dunni ( Fig. 19 , upper Amazon)

11’. Head width 86.6-93.4% HL; mouth width 54.0-59.7% HL; pectoral-fin spine usually with tranvese dark bands; anal-fin rays usually iii, 7-8; modified anal fin in mature males with first unbranched ray divided into 3-4 segments ( Fig. 15 ) ..…… Tatia brunnea ( Fig. 13 , Negro and Suriname, French Guyana)

Figures

Fig. 40. Tatia strigata. (a) paratype, MCZ 78092, male, 55.0 mm SL, Negro river,Amazonas State, Brazil. (b) paratype, MZUSP 7298, female, 31.2 mm SL, Marau river,Amazonas State, Brazil.

Fig. 41. Neurocranium of Tatia strigata, MZUSP 44066, 38.9 mm SL. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr,frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me,mesethmoid; na, nasal; n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporalsupracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 42. Male modified anal fin of Tatia strigata, MCZ 78092, 55.0 mm SL. Left sidelateral view.Abbreviations:b2,branched second ray; b7, branched seventh ray; dd, deferent duct; rc, retrorsely curved denticulation; tk, tegumentary keel; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 6. Drainage map of northern South America illustrating the geographic distribution of the species of Tatia. Symbols may represent more than one locality. Base map by Marilyn Weitzman.

Fig. 8. Neurocranium of Tatia aulopygia, INPA 11080, 80.0 mm SL. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le,lateral ethmoid; me,mesethmoid; na, nasal; n1, first nuchal plate, n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 26. Male modified anal fin of Tatia gyrina, INPA 20971, 28.0 mm SL.Left side lateral view.Abbreviations:b7, branched seventh ray; dd, deferent duct; tp, thick secretory pouch; tk, tegumentary keel; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig.25. Tatia gyrina. (a) ZMA 105.859, male, 30.1 mm SL, Carolina stream, Suriname.(b) INPA 20971, female, 26.0 mm SL, Tefé, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Fig. 18. Male modified anal fin of Tatia caxiuanensis, new species, MPEG 6201, 29.3 mm SL. Left side lateral view.Abbreviations: as, antrorsely curved segment; b1, branched first ray; b7, branched seventh ray; dd, deferent duct; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar =1.0 mm.

Fig. 32. Male modified anal fin of Tatia meesi, INHS 49549, paratype, 43.3 mm SL. Left side lateral view.Abbreviations: b7, branched seventh ray; dd, deferent duct; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 31. Neurocranium of Tatia meesi, new species, INHS 49549, paratype, 43.3 mm SL. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n1, first nuchal plate, n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 30. Tatia meesi. (a) holotype, INHS 99772, male, 44.3 mm SL. (b) paratype, INHS 49549, female, 46.6 mm SL, Essequibo river, Guyana.

Fig. 17. Neurocranium of Tatia caxiuanensis, new species, MPEG 6201, 29.3 mm SL. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n1, first nuchal plate, n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 16. Tatia caxiuanensis. (a) holotype, MPEG 9859, male, 32.6 mm SL. (b) paratype, MPEG 6201, female, 40.7 mm SL, Caxiuanã, Pará State, Brazil.

Fig.36. Tatia nigra.(a) holotype, INPA 12291, male, 116.8 mm SL.(b) paratype, INPA25501, female, 107.3 mm SL, Uatumã river, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Fig. 23. Neurocranium of Tatia galaxias, RMNH 26493, paratype, 55.6 mm SL. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n2, second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 22. Tatia galaxias. (a)ANSP 138105, male, 64.6 mm SL. (b)ANSP 138105, female, 54.2 mm SL, El Viento rivulet, Colombia.

Fig. 28. Neurocranium of Tatia intermedia, MZUSP 44255, 65.5 mm SL. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n1, first nuchal plate, n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 9. Male modified anal fin of Tatia aulopygia, INPA 11080, 80.0 mm SL.Left side lateral view.Abbreviations:ac,antrorsely curved denticulation; b4, branched fourth ray; b8, branched eighth ray; dd, deferent duct; rc, retrorsely curved denticulation; sf, skin flap; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 11. Neurocranium of Tatia boemia, MCP 12949, paratype, 59.9 mm SL. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel; fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 37. Neurocranium of Tatia nigra, MNRJ 32024, 97.0 mm SL. Dorsal view.Abbreviations:ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n1, first nuchal plate, n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 33. Tatia neivai. (a) MHNG 2355.92, male, 51.6 mm SL. (b) MHNG 2355.92, female, 53.3 mm SL, Yuguyry stream, Paraguay.

Fig. 10. Tatia boemia, (a) MZUSP 47921, paratype, male, 64.5 mm SL. (b) MZUSP 47921, paratype, female, 52.4 mm SL, rio Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.

Fig. 7. Tatia aulopygia, (a) INPA 11080, male, 104.6 mm SL, Guaporé river, Amazonas State, Brazil. (b) ZMA 114.280, young female, 46.3 mm SL, Humaitá,Amazonas State, Brazil.

Fig. 27. Tatia intermedia.(a) MZUSP44255, male, 65.5 mm SL, Capim river, Pará State, Brazil.(b) ZMA 105.523, male, 39.0 mm SL, Gran Mau stream, Suriname. (c) INPA 11076, female, 84.7 mm SL, Tocantins river, Pará State, Brazil.

Fig. 29. Male modified anal fin of Tatia intermedia, MZUSP 44255, 65.5 mm SL. Left side lateral view.Abbreviations: ac, antrorsely curved denticulation; b1, branched first ray; b6, branched sixth ray; dd, deferent duct; rc, retrorsely curved denticulation; tk, tegumentary keel; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 14. Neurocranium of Tatia brunnea, RMNH 26198, paratype, 39.1 mm SL. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n1, first nuchal plate, n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar =1.0 mm.

Fig. 20. Neurocranium of Tatia dunni,ANSP 71706, paratype, 50.1 mm SL. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: ep, epioccipital; fo, single cranial fontanel, fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; me, mesethmoid; na, nasal; n1, first nuchal plate, n2; second nuchal plate; n3, third nuchal plate; pe, posterior epioccipital process; ps, posttemporal-supracleithrum; pt, pterotic; so, supraoccipital; sp, sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 21. Male modified anal fin of Tatia dunni, holotype, ANSP 71705, 83.3 mm SL. Left side lateral view. Abbreviations: ac, antrorsely curved denticulation; b1, branched first ray; b6, branched sixth ray; dd, deferent duct; rc, retrorsely curved denticulation; tk, tegumentary keel; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 19. Tatia dunni. (a)ANSP 71705, holotype, male, 83.3 mm SL, Caquetá river drainage, Colombia.(b) FMNH 88187, female, 77.5 mm SL, Conambo river, Ecuador.

Fig. 15. Male modified anal fin of Tatia brunnea, RMNH 26196, holotype, 56.5 mm SL.Left side lateral view.Abbreviations: ac, antrorsely curved denticulation; b1, branched first ray; b7, branched seventh ray; dd, deferent duct; rc, retrorsely curved denticulation; tk, tegumentary keel; ui, unbranched first ray; uii, unbranched second ray; uiii, unbranched third ray. Scale bar =1.0 mm.

Fig. 13. Tatia brunnea. (a) AMNH 58390, paratype, male, 54.6 mm SL, Kamaloe Stream, Suriname.(b) MZUSP 81250, female, 52.4 mm SL, Tiquié river,Amazonas State, Brazil.