Brevicirrosyllis cf. mariae

Fukuda, Marcelo V., Nogueira, João M. M. & Martín, Guillermo San, 2015, Eusyllinae and “ Incertae sedis ” syllids (Annelida: Syllidae) from South America, with a new species from Brazil and a new combination for a Peruvian species, Zootaxa 3936 (4), pp. 507-537 : 511-516

Brevicirrosyllis cf. mariae ( San Martín & Hutchings, 2006)

Figures 3–5

Pionosylis mariae San Martín & Hutchings, 2006: 340 –343, figs. 46D–F, 70–72A–C.

Brevicirrosyllis mariae . Fukuda 2010: 31 –34, fig. 6.

Material examined. Project 'REVIZEE'. State of Rio de Janeiro— 21º51´S 40º07´W, 110 m: 4 specs ( MZUSP 2486), 2 Mar 1998; 22º02’S 40º05’W, 93 m: 3 specs ( MZUSP 2485), 2 Mar 1998; 22º50´S 40º51´W, 105 m: 2 specs (ZUEC-POL 16203), 1 Mar 1998; 23º08´S 41º00´W, 105 m: 5 specs (ZUEC-POL 16202), 1 Mar 1998; 23º26´S 41º15´W, 145 m: 11 specs ( MZUSP 2484), 28 Feb 1998; 23º36´S 42º09´W, 187 m: 9 specs (ZUEC-POL 16201), 16 Feb 1998; 23º40´S 42º31´W, 162 m: 18 specs ( MZUSP 2483), 16 Feb 1998; 23º49´S 43º14´W, 138 m: 1 spec. (ZUEC-POL 16200), 15 Feb 1998; 24º02´S 43º30´W, 147 m: 5 specs ( MZUSP 2482), 14 Feb 1998. State of São Paulo— 24º07’S 44º42´W, 101 m: 1 spec. (ZUEC-POL 16199), 11 Jan 1998; 24º07’S 45º51’W, 147 m: 4 specs ( MZUSP 2478), 9 Jan 1998; 24º17’S 44º12’W, 163 m: 1 spec. ( MZUSP 2479), 10 Jan 1998; 24º20'S 44º09'W, 258 m: 2 specs (ZUEC-POL 16198), 10 Jan 1998; 24º49´S 44º44´W, 153 m: 2 specs ( MZUSP 2481), 12 Jan 1998; 25º36’S 45º13’W, 380 m: 1 spec., 13 Jan 1998; 26º27’S 44º30’W, 165 m: 1 spec. ( MZUSP 2480), 11 Jan 1998.

Project 'Habitats'. 21°9'9"S 40°16'5"W, 101 m: 1 spec. ( MZUSP 2459), 7 Mar 2009, and 14 specs ( MZUSP 2477; ZUEC-POL 16197), 21 Jul 2009; 21°22'58"S 40°19'41"W, 52 m: 1 spec. (ZUEC-POL 16184), 5 Mar 2009; 21°42'53"S 40°10'15"W, 98 m: 2 specs ( MZUSP 2461; ZUEC-POL 16185), 9 Mar 2009, and 4 specs ( MZUSP 2475; ZUEC-POL 16195), 7 Jul 2009; 21°43'10"S 40°11'30"W, 73 m: 1 spec. ( MZUSP 2460), 9 Mar 2009; 21°45'14"S 40°14'7"W, 67 m: 3 specs, 14 Mar 2009; 21°45'15"S 40°14'8"W, 66 m: 1 spec. (ZUEC-POL 16174), 14 Mar 2009, and 2 specs, 8 Jul 2009; 22°3'38"S 40°6'59"W, 90 m: 16 specs ( MZUSP 2473; ZUEC-POL 16193), 6 Jul 2009; 22°3'45"S 40°9'59"W, 75 m: 2 specs ( MZUSP 2456), 25 Feb 2009, and 2 specs ( MZUSP 2472), 6 Jul 2009; 22°4'14"S 40°6'59"W, 92 m: 7 specs ( MZUSP 2457; ZUEC-POL 16182), 25 Feb 2009; 22°6'10"S 40°3'6"W, 154 m: 28 specs ( MZUSP 2458; ZUEC-POL 16183), 24 Feb 2009, and 23 specs ( MZUSP 2474), 7 Jul 2009; 22°12'38"S 40°13'19"W, 99 m: 1 spec. ( MZUSP 2470), 5 Jul 2009; 22°17'25"S 40°6'35"W, 143 m: 9 specs ( MZUSP 2455; ZUEC-POL 16181), 24 Feb 2009, and 2 specs ( MZUSP 2471; ZUEC-POL 16192), 5 Jul 2009; 22°19'31"S 40°37'19"W, 73 m: 1 spec. ( MZUSP 2467), 4 Jul 2009; 22°23'38"S 40°20'40"W, 153 m: 9 specs ( MZUSP 2454; ZUEC-POL 16180), 23 Feb 2009, and 5 specs ( MZUSP 2469; ZUEC-POL 16191), 4 Jul 2009; 22°23'20"S 40°34'56"W, 110 m: 3 specs ( MZUSP 2476; ZUEC-POL 16196), 25 Jul 2009; 22°31'7"S 40°31'32"W, 139 m: 12 specs ( MZUSP 2453; ZUEC-POL 16179), 23 Feb 2009, and 10 specs ( MZUSP 2468; ZUEC-POL 16190), 3 Jul 2009; 22°52'1"S 40°57'29"W, 92 m: 2 specs ( MZUSP 2451), 22 Feb 2009 and 2 specs ( MZUSP 2465), 3 Jul 2009; 22°57'28"S 40°50'30"W, 143 m: 9 specs ( MZUSP 2452; ZUEC-POL 16178), 21 Feb 2009 and 7 specs ( MZUSP 2466; ZUEC-POL 16189), 3 Jul 2009; 23°10'4"S 41°3'6"W, 107 m: 7 specs ( MZUSP 2449; ZUEC- POL 16176), 21 Feb 2009 and 9 specs ( MZUSP 2463; ZUEC-POL 16187), 2 Jul 2009; 23°11'28"S 41°0'47"W, 150 m: 31 specs ( MZUSP 2450; ZUEC-POL 16177), 21 Feb 2009; 23°12'8"S 40°59'35"W, 142 m: 29 specs ( MZUSP 2464; ZUEC-POL 16188), 2 Jul 2009; 23°36'14"S 41°21'29"W, 142 m: 2 specs ( MZUSP 2448; ZUEC-POL 16175), 1 Mar 2009 and 9 specs ( MZUSP 2462; ZUEC-POL 16186), 1 Jul 2009.

Additional material examined. Brevicirrosyllis ancori ( San Martín & Hutchings, 2006)— Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, Outer Younge Reef (14°36'S 145°38'E), rock covered with coralline algae and encrusting sponges, 9 m: 1 spec. (holotype, AM W29244), coll. P. Hutchings, 21 Jan 1977, det. G. San Martín, 15 Nov 2004; same locality, rock with Lithothamnion and Halimeda , 30 m: 4 specs (AM W28962), coll. P. Hutchings, 24 Jan 1977, det. G. San Martín, 2003. Brevicirrosyllis mariae — Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, Outer Younge Reef (14°36'S 145°38'E), rock with Lithothamnion and Halimeda , 30 m: 1 spec. (holotype, AM W28454), coll. P. Hutchings, 24 Jan 1977, det. G. San Martín, 2003; same locality, on rock covered with coralline algae, 9 m: 1 spec. (paratype, AM W28921), coll. P. Hutchings, 21 Jan 1977, det. G. San Martín, 2003.

Description. Long, slender body, largest specimen examined ~ 8.5 mm long, 0.3 mm wide, with 82 chaetigers; body without pigmentation pattern, dorsally with discontinuous rows of cilia on anterior margin of some chaetigers, and between dorsal cirri and corresponding parapodial lobes ( Fig. 4 B, D). Prostomium ovate, shorter than palps, with 2 pairs of eyes in open trapezoidal arrangement and 1 pair of anterior eyespots ( Fig. 3 A); antennae wrinkled to irregularly articulated, lateral antennae inserted slightly anteriorly to anterior eyes, median antenna inserted on posterior part of prostomium, between posterior eyes, approximately twice as long as lateral antennae ( Figs 3 A; 4A). Peristomium dorsally short, about half length of anterior chaetigers; dorsal peristomial cirri slightly longer than lateral antennae, ventral peristomial cirri about half length of dorsal ones ( Figs 3 A; 4A, C); nuchal organs as transverse row of cilia on anterior margin of peristomium ( Fig. 4 B). Dorsal cirri of chaetiger 1 elongate, slightly shorter than median antenna, wrinkled to irregularly articulated; dorsal cirri on chaetiger 2 absent; dorsal cirri of remaining chaetigers short, ovate to club-shaped, slightly longer than parapodial lobes, with fibrilar inclusions on distal half ( Figs 3 A–B; 4A, C, E; 5A–C). Ventral cirri digitiform, thin, about half width of dorsal cirri, approximately as long as parapodial lobes ( Fig. 5 A–B). Parapodial lobes conical, with conspicuous parapodial glands with dorsal pores in some specimens ( Fig. 4 D), more evident on posterior body. Parapodia throughout with 3–5 falcigers each; falcigers with dorso-ventral gradation in length of shafts, ventralmost chaetae about half length of dorsalmost; blades bidentate, teeth close to each other, subdistal smaller than distal one on dorsalmost chaetae, progressively larger ventralwards, teeth about same size on ventralmost midbody falcigers; dorsalmost falcigers with relatively thin blades, with short spinulation, ventralmost falcigers with curved blades, with slightly larger spinulation ( Fig. 3 D–E; 5D–E); blades of dorsalmost falcigers on anterior body up to 34 µm long, intermediate ~20 µm long, ventralmost falcigers ~12 µm long ( Figs 3 D; 5D–E); falcigers on mid- and posterior body with blades as long as dorsalmost and ventralmost ones of anterior body, blades of intermediate sizes absent ( Fig. 3 E). Dorsal simple chaetae present from proventricle chaetigers, irregularly truncate distally, slightly spinulated subdistally ( Fig. 3 F); ventral simple chaetae only present on posterior body, approximately as thick as falciger shafts, bidentate, subdistal tooth hooked, with tendon connecting tip of subdistal tooth to lateral of chaetae ( Figs 3 C; 5F). Anterior body parapodia with 2 aciculae each, one straight, with acute tip, other distally bent at almost right angle ( Fig. 3 G); posterior body parapodia with only 1 acicula each, bent at almost right angle. Pygidium distally rounded, with pair of long, thin anal cirri ( Fig. 5 B). Pharynx extending for 4–5 chaetigers ( Fig. 3 A), triangular tooth at opening, border surrounded by soft, rounded papillae ( Fig. 5 A); proventricle approximately as long as pharynx, with ~30–35 muscle cell rows. ( Fig. 3 A).

Remarks. Brevicirrosyllis mariae resembles B. weismanni in body shape and chaetae morphology throughout, as well as in the presence of fibrilar inclusions in the dorsal cirri. However, B. mariae is shorter, up to ~ 8 mm long, against ~ 18 mm long in B. weismanni ( San Martín & Hutchings 2006), and lacks dorsal cirri on chaetiger 2 (present on all chaetigers in B. weismanni ). One of the specimens here examined showed a dorsal cirrus on one side of chaetiger 2 ( Fig. 4 A, C), without noticeable scar on the opposite side parapodium. Since all other body measurements were similar to those of B. mariae , we tentatively considered the specimen as belonging to this species.

Type locality. Australia—Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, Outer Yonge Reef (Pacific Ocean).

Distribution. Pacific Ocean: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales). First record for the Atlantic Ocean.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Brevicirrosyllis cf. mariae. (A) anterior body, dorsal view; (B) dorsal cirrus, midbody; (C) ventral simple chaeta; (D) falcigers, anterior body; (E) falcigers, mid- to posterior body; (F) dorsal simple chaeta; (G) aciculae, anterior body. Scale bars: A = 100 Μm; B = 20 Μm; C – G = 10 Μm.

FIGURE 4. Brevicirrosyllis cf. mariae, SEM. (A) anterior body, dorsal view; (B) left side of prostomium, peristomium and chaetiger 1, dorsal view; (C) right parapodia, anteriormost chaetiger, dorsal view (arrow pointing to base of dorsal cirrus on chaetiger 2); (D) anterior body parapodia, lateral view, arrow pointing to region with pores; (E) dorsal cirrus, midbody. Scale bars: A = 100 Μm; B, D = 20 Μm; C = 50 Μm; E = 10 Μm.

FIGURE 5. Brevicirrosyllis cf. mariae, SEM. (A) anterior end, fronto-ventral view; (B) posterior end, fronto-dorsal view; (C) midbody, dorsal view; (D) chaetae, anterior to midbody; (E) intermediate falciger, anterior body; (F) ventral simple chaetae, posterior body. Scale bars: A, C = 100 Μm; B = 50 Μm; D = 10 Μm; E = 5 Μm; F = 20 Μm.