Batillipes carnonensis Fize, 1957

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Bartels, Paul J., Roszkowska, Milena & Nelson, Diane R., 2015, The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada, Zootaxa 4037 (1), pp. 1-189 : 12-14

10. Batillipes carnonensis Fize, 1957

Batillipes carnonensis n. sp. ( Fize 1957)

Batillipes carnonensis Fize ( Fleeger 1978) Batillipes carnonensis (Grimaldi de Zio et al. 1980a) Batillipes carnonensis Fize 1957 (Grimaldi de Zio et al. 1983a)

B. carnonensis, Fize 1957 (Grimaldi de Zio et al. 1983b)

Terra typica : Balearic Sea ( France, Europe)

Adriatic Sea:

• 40°13′42′′N, 18°27′40′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Frassanito, intertidal, medium-fine sand, mainly siliceous (61%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

Atlantic Ocean:

• 33°20′N, 79°10′W; [FAO31] USA, South Carolina State, Georgetown County, North Inlet, subtidal sand. Fleeger (1978)

Balearic Sea:

• 43°32′N, 03°58′E; 0.5–1 m bsl: [FAO37] Type Locality: France, Gulf of Lion, Languedoc-Roussillon Region, Hérault, Carnon, 2-3 m E of breakwater Grau, ripple-marks, beach, sand. Fize (1957)

Indian Ocean:

• 19°53′N, 86°06′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO57] India, Odisha State, Bay of Bengal, Konark beach, half-tide level, (0.2- 0.5 mm mean diameter), 25–40 cm below surface, organic detritus rich in finer substrates. Rao (1969, 1971)

• 19°48′N, 85°51′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO57] India, Odisha State, Bay of Bengal, Puri beach, half-tide level, medium sand 0.2–0.5 mm mean diameter), 25–40 cm below surface, organic detritus rich in finer substrates. Rao (1971)

• 17°43′N, 83°20′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO57] India, Andhra State, Bay of Bengal, Waltair coast, beach, mid-water level, medium sand. Rao & Ganapati (1968)

Ionian Sea:

• 40°29′00′′N, 17°03′25′′E; 15 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Tarento Province, offshore of Chiatona, Secca dell’Armeleia, subtidal, organogenic, Amphioxus debris. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983a,b)

• 40°24′30′′N, 17°13′28′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Tarento Province, Lido Bruno, intertidal, medium coarse sand with high calcareous percentage (97%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

• 40°23′07′′N, 17°18′29′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Tarento Province, Lido Gandoli, intertidal, heterogenous sand with high calcareous content. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

• 40°22′25′′N, 17°18′18′′E [40°21′N, 17°22′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Tarento Province, Marina di Pulsano, intertidal, medium coarse sand with high calcareous percentage (96%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

• 40°22′03′′N, 17°22′29′′E [40°21′N, 17°22′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Tarento Province, Gabbiano, intertidal, heterogenous sand mainly calcareous (98%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

• 40°16′10′′N, 17°53′08′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Porto Cesareo, intertidal, on the shore line, medium-fine sand (max 0.354 mm). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1980b, 1983b)

• 39°50′40′′N, 18°10′15′′E; 50 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Lido Marini, subtidal. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

Mediterranean Sea:

• 37°11′00′′N, 10°12′00′′E [37°11′N, 10°13′00′′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Tunisia, Bizerte Governorate, near Raf Raf. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1980a)

• 36°55′00′′N, 10°19′30′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Tunisia, Tunis Governorate, Gulf of Tunis, near Gammarth. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1980a)

• 33°54′00′′N, 10°11′00′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Tunisia, Gabès Governorate, Gulf of Gabès, near Gabès. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1980a)

Tyrrhenian Sea:

• 40°20′30′′N, 09°40′15′′E; 0–20 and 41–60 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Sardinia Island, Nuoro Province, Orosei Gulf, sand in Posidonia seagrass meadow and coralligenous detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 38°36′N, 14°55′E; 46 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Aeolian Islands, Secca del Capo, coralligenous bank, subtidal zone, medium carbonate sand. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 38°02′18′′N, 14°01′03′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Sicily, Palermo Province, Cafal (Costa Verde), intertidal, medium coarse sand, mainly siliceous (94%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

• 38°01′50′′N, 13°57′08′′E [38°02′N, 14°01′E]; 2 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Sicily, Palermo Province, Cafal (Costa Verde), subtidal, medium sand, mainly siliceous (89%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

Record numbers (Sea/Ocean classification): Adriatic Sea: 1, Atlantic Ocean: 1. Balearic Sea: 1, Indian Ocean: 3, Ionian Sea: 7, Mediterranean Sea: 3, Tyrrhenian Sea: 4; total: 20.

Record numbers (FAO classification): FA031: 1, FAO37: 16, FAO54: 3; total: 20.

Remarks: This species is known mainly from the Mediterranean basin and three localities in the Bay of Bengal (Indian coast). These latter reports need to be confirmed, as early development stages and adults of Batillipes species are very similar and a large intraspecific variability has also been observed in this genus (see remarks for B. gilmartini ). This species is found mainly in the intertidal zone in different types of sand but has also occasionally been collected down to ca. 60 m bsl.