Parastygarctus higginsi Renaud-Debyser, 1965

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Bartels, Paul J., Roszkowska, Milena & Nelson, Diane R., 2015, The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada, Zootaxa 4037 (1), pp. 1-189 : 135-136

157. Parastygarctus higginsi Renaud-Debyser, 1965

Parastygarctus higginsi n. g., n. sp. ( Renaud-Debyser 1965)

Parastygarctus higginsi Renaud-Debyser ( Rao 1972)

Parastygarctus higginsi ( Sandulli et al. (1999)

Terra typica: Indian Ocean ( Republic of Madagascar, Africa)

Adriatic Sea:

• 42°06′N, 15°29′E; 5–10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Domino Island, Punta Zio Cesare, cave Grotta delle Viole, 0–10 cm depth, 80% coarse organogenic sand, 3% silt and clay, (mean diameter = 0.125 mm). Sandulli et al. (1999), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 40°03′N, 17°41′E / 40°03′17′′N, 17°45′58′′E [41°04′N, 17°05′E]; 3 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Bari Province, near Bari, Mola di Bari-Porto Colombo, 150 m offshore of Porto Colombo. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

Andaman Sea:

• 11°36′24′′N, 92°38′34′′E [11°36′N, 92°37′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO57] India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bay of Bengal, South Andaman, Mandur or Wandur [Wandoor], intertidal, MWL, 30 cm below surface of sand, medium sand with rich organic debris. Rao (1972, 1975)

• 10°38′42′′N, 92°34′18′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO57] India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Little Andaman, Hut Bay, intertidal, MWL, 20 cm below surface of sand, medium sand with little detritus. Rao (1972, 1975)

• 02°11′N, 102°15′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO71] Malaysia, Malacca State, Strait of Malacca, Mallaca Island, coarse sand with coral material. Renaud-Mornant (1967a)

Atlantic Ocean:

• 41°37′N, 71°19′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO21] USA, Rhode Island State, Newport County, Newport, upper barnacle zone and tubular forms of green algae (Ulya). Faurby et al. (2012)

Indian Ocean:

• 13°27′S, 48°21′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO51] Type Locality: Republic of Madagascar, Antsiranana Province, Nosykomba [ Nosy Komba Island], beach, coarse sand and shelly. Renaud-Debyser (1965)

South China Sea:

• 6°55′N, 102°45′E [05°55′N, 102°45′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO71] Malaysia, Terengganu State, Perhentian Island, coarse sand with coral material. Renaud-Mornant (1967a), Renaud-Mornant & Srene (1967)

Record numbers (Sea/Ocean classification): Adriatic Sea: 2, Andaman Sea: 3, Atlantic Ocean: 1, Indian Ocean: 1, South China Sea: 1; total: 8.

Record numbers (FAO classification): FAO21: 1, FAO37: 2, FAO51: 1, FAO57: 2, FAO71: 2; total: 8.

Remarks: Although this species was originally described from tropical beaches of Madagascar (southern hemisphere), all later reports are from the northern hemisphere from the tropics to the southern regions of the temperate zone.