Helix culminea d'Orbigny , 1835

Breure, Abraham S. H. & Ablett, Jonathan D., 2014, Annotated type catalogue of the Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, ZooKeys 392, pp. 1-367 : 45-46

Helix culminea d'Orbigny, 1835 Figs 66F-H , L15v

Helix culminea d’Orbigny 1835: 13; Breure 1979: 88.

Bulimus culmineus ; d’Orbigny 1837 [1834-1847]: 288, pl. 33 figs 8-9 [19 June / 7 Aug 1837; text 6 May 1838].

Bulimulus culmineus ; Pilsbry 1897 [1897-1898]: 25, pl. 5 figs 74-75.

Scutalus culmineus culmineus ; Breure 1975b: 1143, pl. 1 fig. 3.

Type locality.

"culminibus Andesensibus, republica Boliviana" (see remarks).

Label.

"Titicaca, Bolivia", in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.

Dimensions.

"Latit. 17 millim., longit. 13 millim."; figured specimen herein H 31.2, D 14.1, W 6.3.

Type material.

NHMUK 1854.12.4.198, six paralectotypes ( d’Orbigny coll.).

Remarks.

d’Orbigny (1838 [1834-1847]: 289) specified the type locality as "les montagnes de la province de Carangas, à l’ouest d’Oruro, principalement sur celle du ‘Pucara’, à cinq lieues du bourg de Totora". Breure (1973: 130, fig. 3) located ‘Pucara’ at approximately 17°58'S, 068°21'W. This place could not be found using modern gazetteers, but Totora is located at 17°47'S, 068°08'W. The old French distance ‘lieu’ equals 4.44 kms, thus the Pucara mountain is about 22.2 km from Totora; however, d’Orbigny did not state in which direction he travelled. Breure (1975) restricted the type locality to this area, contrary to Weyrauch (1967a: 393) who selected the peninsula Capachica, in the Peruvian part of Lake Titicaca, as type locality; he referred to Crawford (1939) who had studied the types of d’Orbigny in NHMUK. However, Weyrauch may have overlooked that d’Orbigny (1838 [1834-1847]: 289) specified a second locality "sur toutes les îles et sur toutes les montagnes du lac de Titicaca". The specimens from the latter locality are those in the NHMUK collection, while those from ”Carangas” are in the MNHN collection ( Breure 1975b); the lectotype has been selected from the latter collection, and the type locality is thus in Bolivia.

Current systematic position.

Bulimulidae , Kuschelenia (Kuschelenia) culminea ( d’Orbigny, 1835).

Figures

Figure 66. A-D Scutalus species. A-B Scutalus proteus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832, lectotype NHMUK 20100638 (H = 44.1) C-E Scutalus versicolor versicolor (Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832) C-D possible syntype NHMUK 20100637 (H = 29.6) E lectotype of Bulimus coagulatus Reeve 1849 NHMUK 1975351 (H = 15.6) F-P Kuschelenia species. F-N Kuschelenia (Kuschelenia) culminea culminea (d'Orbigny, 1835) F-H paralectotype NHMUK 1854.12.4.198 (H = 31.2) I-K lectotype of Bulimus confusus Reeve, 1848 NHMUK 1975194 (H = 29.0) L-N lectotype of Bulimus jussieui Pfeiffer, 1846 NHMUK 1975170 (H = 31.6) O-P Kuschelenia (Kuschelenia) bicolor (Sowerby I, 1835), lectotype NHMUK 1975151 (H = 23.6). All enlarged.

Figure L 15. Labels. i Bulinus conspersus Sowerby I, 1833 ii Bulimus cotopaxiensis Pfeiffer, 1853 iii Bulimus cretaceus Pfeiffer, 1855 iv Bulinus crichtoni Broderip, 1836 v Helix culminea d'Orbigny, 1835.