Acryptolaria tortugasensis Leloup, 1935a

Calder, Dale R., 2019, On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the southwest coast of Florida, USA, Zootaxa 4689 (1), pp. 1-141 : 29

Acryptolaria tortugasensis Leloup, 1935a

Figs. 6c, d , 7b

Acryptolaria tortugasensis Leloup, 1935a: 13 , figs. 3, 4.— Peña Cantero et al., 2007: 265 , figs. 14A–F, 16F, 18F, 19G.— Peña Cantero & Vervoort, 2010: 325.

Acryptolaria rectangularis .— Rezak et al., 1985: 224.— Calder & Cairns, 2009: 392 [not Cryptolaria rectangularis Jarvis, 1922: 335 , pl. 24, fig. 3].

Type locality. USA: Florida, Dry Tortugas, 27 ft (8 m) ( Leloup 1935a: 15) .

Material examined. Southwest Florida Shelf, middle shelf west of North Naples, 26°16.72′N, 83°46.82′W, 83 m, 24 July 1981, two colonies, up to 6.5 cm high, without gonophores, coll. Continental Shelf Associates, ROMIZ B1906.

Remarks. Acryptolaria tortugasensis is known previously only from the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Originally described by Leloup (1935a), the holotype was later included in a collection catalogue by Bouillon et al. (1995) and then re-examined and described by Peña Cantero et al. (2007). Although the species is reported as such for only the second time here, hydroids from shelf waters off Texas identified by me in the early 1980s as Acryptolaria rectangularis ( Jarvis, 1922) , and mentioned in Rezak et al. (1985), are referable instead to A. tortugasensis . The same error in identification is repeated in a species list of hydroids from the Gulf of Mexico ( Calder & Cairns 2009), based on the same specimens examined here. The binomen A. tortugasensis had been included in the synonymy of A. conferta until being recognized as valid in a revision of the genus Acryptolaria Norman, 1875 by Peña Cantero et al. (2007), and later by Peña Cantero & Vervoort (2010). It is clearly distinct from A. conferta in having hydrothecae with an abcauline intrathecal cusp and a pronounced outward bend, much as in A. rectangularis . Hydroids of A. tortugasensis and A. rectangularis , a poorly known species from the Indian Ocean, are similar in morphology, but are held to be distinct in the revisionary works cited immediately above.

Large nematocysts in material examined here ( Fig. 7b ), exceptionally large for species of the genus, appear to be macrobasic mastigophores (30.5–32.5 μm long x 9.0–10.6 μm wide, undischarged, n=10, ROMIZ B1906). They were slightly longer than those described in type material of A. tortugasensis (28–30 μm long x 9 –10.5 μm wide) by Peña Cantero et al. (2007) and Peña Cantero & Vervoort (2010), but the identity of specimens from the SW Florida Shelf nevertheless seems certain.

Line drawings, photographs, and a redescription of the holotype colony of A. tortugasensis are given by Peña Cantero et al. (2007). The coppinia of this little-known species has yet to be described.

Reported distribution. Gulf coast of Florida. Tortugas ( Leloup 1935a; Peña Cantero et al. 2007).—Middle continental shelf west of North Naples ( Calder & Cairns 2009, as Acryptolaria rectangularis ).

Elsewhere in western North Atlantic. USA: Texas, middle continental shelf ( Rezak et al. 1985, as Acryptolaria rectangularis ).

Figures

FIGURE 6. a, Acryptolaria longitheca: part of colony with two hydrothecae, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1902. Scale equals 0.2 mm. b, Acryptolaria longitheca: two gonothecae from a coppinia, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1902. Scale equals 0.1 mm. c, Acryptolaria tortugasensis: part of colony with three hydrothecae, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1906. Scale equals 0.2 mm. d, Acryptolaria tortugasensis: part of colony with a hydrotheca, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1906. Scale equals 0.1 mm. e, Lafoea coalescens: part of colony with four hydrothecae, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1915. Scale equals 0.2 mm. f, Synthecium tubithecum: part of colony with two hydrothecal pairs, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1929. Scale equals 0.2 mm. g, Zygophylax convallaria: part of colony with four hydrothecae, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1921. Scale equals 0.2 mm. h, Zygophylax convallaria: part of colony with a hydrotheca, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1921. Scale equals 0.1 mm. i, Zygophylax convallaria: nematophorous ramule, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1921. Scale equals 0.1 mm. j, Zygophylax convallaria: gonotheca, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1921. Scale equals 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Acryptolaria spp.: large nematocysts (macrobasic mastigophores?). a, A. longitheca: ROMIZ B1902. b, A. tortugasensis: ROMIZ B1906.