Anaphes flavipes ( Foerster, 1841 )

Samková, Alena, Janšta, Petr & Huber, John T., 2017, Anaphesflavipes: redescription, neotype designation, and comparison with A. nipponicus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 57 (2), pp. 677-711 : 680-690

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1515/aemnp-2017-0095

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A7BE88CA-CC6F-4637-A2B2-17FBDD0B5EC0

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C09BA24-9B63-FF80-FE1D-985AC2FFA592

treatment provided by

Marcus

scientific name

Anaphes flavipes ( Foerster, 1841 )
status

 

Anaphes flavipes ( Foerster, 1841)

( Figs 1–13 View Figs 1–2 View Figs 3–4 View Figs 5–6 View Figs 7–8 View Figs 9–10 View Fig View Figs 12–13 )

Gonatocerus flavipes Foerster, 1841: 45 (original description); WALKER (1846): 53 (English translation of original description).

Anaphes flavipes: FOERSTER (1847) : 212 (generic transfer, description); LOEW (1847): 341 (taxonomy); KIRCHNER (1867): 202 (catalogue); DALLA TORRE (1898): 423 (catalogue); SCHMIEDEKNECHT (1909): 499 (catalogue); DEBAUCHE (1948): 160 (redescription); SOYKA (1949): 310 (moved [mistakenly] to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); THANASSOU- LOPOULOS (1967): 1 (potential host range); ANDERSON (1968): 6037 (distribution, ecology); ANDERSON & PASCHKE (1968): 1 (biology, ecology); BARTON (1968): 3 (mass culture, field release); ANDERSON & PASCHKE (1969): 1316 (biology, superparasitism); STEHR (1969): 1 (biological control); ANDERSON & PASCHKE (1970a): 107 (biology); ANDERSON & PASCHKE (1970b): 821 (dispersal); BAKKENDORF (1970): 154 (taxonomy of A. flavipes sensu Debauche ); BARTON & STEHR (1970): 128 (biology); MOOREHEAD & MALTBY (1970a): 675 (field release); MOOREHEAD & MALTBY (1970b): 1 (mass rearing); BJEGOVIC (1971): 176 (sex ratio, biological control, Yugoslavia [ Serbia]); BURGER et al. (1971): 1253 (laboratory preparation); DYSART (1971): 446 (European distribution, introduction into USA); MALTBY et al. (1971): 693 (establishment in USA); MORRIS & MOOREHEAD (1971): 41 (dispersal in USA: Michigan); ANONYMOUS (1972): 1 (releases in USA); BJEGOVIC (1972): 207 (natural control); BURGER & HOLMES (1972): 1185 (mass production and dispersal); CARL (1972): 179 (host Oulema melanopus ); BARR et al. (1973): 249 (pest control); DYSART et al. (1973): 157 (establishment in USA); MALTBY et al. (1973): 298 (host, mass rearing); MICZULSKI (1973):98 (natural control); PUTTLER et al. (1973): 1304 (diapause); ANONYMOUS (1974): 2 (additional releases in USA); DYADECHKO & RUBAN (1974): 27 (host); GUTIERREZ et al. (1974): 627 (biology, host); HAYNES et al. (1974): 167 (pest management); HELLÉN (1974): 24 (key), 25 (distribution in Finland and Leningradskaya oblast’ of Russia); OLTON & LEGNER (1974): 794 (biology); STEHR et al. (1974): 453 (mention); AESCHLIMANN (1975): 407 (mention); TUMMALA et al. (1975): 175 (natural control); ANONYMOUS (1976a): 414 (host, USA: Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia records); ANONYMOUS (1976b): 369 (host, USA: New Jersey, West Virginia records); ANONYMOUS (1976c): 420 (host, USA: Ohio record); GREATHEAD (1976): 128 (biological control); HAGEN et al. (1976): 398, 746 (biological control); MEYER (1976): 232 ( USA: Indiana record); AESCHLIMANN (1977): 112 (larvae, biology); BOUČEK (1977): 122 ( Yugoslavia [ Serbia, Macedonia?] records); LUTZE (1977): 172 (biological control, percent parasitism); PAVLOV (1977): 151 (percent parasitism, sex ratio, development time); SHEPARD & GALE (1977): 316 (biology, superparasitism); CLAUSEN (1978): 253 (biological control); RYAKHOVSKIY & KRAKHMAL’ (1978): 30–32 (records from Rostovskaya oblast’ and Krasnodarskiy kray, Russia, from O. melanopus [as Lema melanopus ]); TRJAPITZIN (1978): 531 (key); BURKS (1979): 1029 (catalogue); PESCHKEN & JOHNSON (1979): 1061 (host, parasitation); AKERS et al. (1980): 34 (biological control); BURGER (1980): 39 (biological control); BOTTERWEG (1981): 170 (biology); HAYNES & GAGE (1981): 269 (biological control); HINTON (1981): 238 (percent parasitism); PAVLOV (1981): 116, 122 (hosts, Bulgaria record); BATTENFIELD et al. (1982): 291, 292, 295, 296, 299 ( Oulema melanopus bibliography); FEDDE et al. (1982): 382 (list); WEBSTER et al. (1982): 839 (occurrence, parasitation); COLLINS & GRAFIUS (1983): 2 (hosts); LAMPERT et al. (1983): 972, 973, 978 (pest control, parasitism rate); MCPHERSON (1983): 127 (parasitism rate, biological control); STAINES (1984): 435 (parasitism rate); LAMPERT & HAYNES (1985): 74 (parasitism rate); COLLINS & GRAFIUS (1986): 31 (courtship, mating behavior); HUBER (1986): 197 (host list); DAVIDSON & LYON (1987): 178 (biological control); DONEV (1987): 69 (percent of parasitism, sex ratio); HUA (1987): 41 (percent of parasitism, laboratory rearing, hosts); TRJAPITZIN (1987): 964 (key); VIGGIANI & JESU (1988): 1021 (biological control); ELLIS et al. (1989): 43 (absence of parasitism); GŁOGOWSKI (1989): 240 (in moist meadows, Poland); HAESELBARTH (1989): 494, 495 (host, mention); RUBERSON (1989): 190 (biology); BURGESS (1990): 6 (biological control); MIURA (1990): 589 (biology); BAILEY et al. (1991):457 (biological control); PICARD et al. (1991): 173, 174 (citation with comparison); SZABOLCS & HORVÁTH (1991): 166 –169, 172 (biological control, occurrence); HORVÁTH & SZABOLCS (1992): 585, 586, 589 (biological control, Hungary); HUBER (1992): 36, 47, 74 (key, redescription, biological control, list); FURUKAWA et al. (1993): 92 (host); COX (1994): 430 (biological control); MESSING et al. (1994): 976 (host, natural control); SCHÄRER (1994): 21 (parasitism rate, phenology); MORRILL (1995): 93 (biological control); PAGLIANO & NAVONE (1995): 35 ( Italy, check list); MAYHEW (1997): 238 (clutch size); KIDD (1998): no page (biological control); KIDD & CALDWELL (1998): no page (biological control); MILEVOJ (1998): 216 (host, monitoring); BAI & WORTH (2000):1 –4 (biological control); FOURNIER & BOIVIN (2000):59 (biology); BAI et al. (2001): 1 –3 (biological control, distribution); MEINDL et al. (2001): 79 –81, 83–85 (parasitism rate); VAIL et al. (2001): 44 (biological control); GLOGOZA (2002): 2 (natural control); HITCHCOX et al. (2002): 8, 9 (biological control); YOKOYAMA & MILLER (2002): 513 (biological control); BAI et al. (2003): 1 (biological control); KIDD (2003): 9, 10 (biological control); OLSON et al. (2003): 3 (biological control); SANTOLAMAZZA- CARBONE & RIVERA (2003): 370 (biology); BLODGETT et al. (2004): 4 (biological control); CASAGRANDE & KENIS (2004): 123, 133 (biological control); HAYE & KENIS (2004): 404 (biological control); KIMBERLING (2004): 313 (biological control); POPOV et al. (2005): 49 (natural control, monitoring); TRUDGILL (2005): 7 (biology); BAI et al. (2006): 1 (biological control); EVANS et al. (2006): 1968 (biological control, distribution); GODFREY et al. (2006): 4 (biology); HOFFMAN & RAO (2006): 43 (expansion, biological control); JANDREAU (2006): 1 (biological control); SANTOLAMAZZA- CARBONE (2006): 373 (biology); TRAORÉ et al. (2006): 1122 (biology); BROWN & PARK (2007): 2 (biological control); GALLO (2007): 446, 447 (parasitism, host Oulema lichenis ); LESAGE et al. (2007): 288 (biological control); PIKE et al. (2007):1 –4 (survival of insecticides); WABEKE (2007a): 9 (monitoring); WABEKE (2007b): 40 (biological control); JANDREAU (2008): 1, 4 (biological control); JELOKOVÁ & GALLO (2008): 109, 112 (biological control, monitoring); JOHNSON et al. (2008): 2 (biological control); KARREN (2008): 2 (biological control); PEAIRS (2008): 4234 (biological control); PRICOP (2008): 124 (distribution); MILLS (2009): 394 (biological control); HOFFMAN & RAO (2010): 57 (biological control); LAZNIK et al. (2010): 142 (biological control); DOSDALL et al. (2011): 1145 (biological control); PHILIPS et al. (2011): 3 (biological control); BAQUERO (2012): 7, 9, 138 (biological control); PINTUREAU (2012): 34 (European list); ROBERTS & RAO (2012): 6 (biological control); BUCUREAN & MARNEA (2013): 30, 31 (natural control, parasitism rate); KAMRAN et al. (2013): 174 (host); KHER et al. (2013): 234, 487, 497 (biological control); MAKAROVA & POLILOV (2013):714 (brain structure); KHER (2014):23, 26, 27 (biology, biological control); PUTTLER et al. (2014): 34 (mention); TEWKSBURY (2014): 4, 5 (introduction, biology); MAKAROVA et al. (2015): 21, 23 (compound eye, morphology); NORDIJK et al. (2016): 5 (hosts); POLILOV (2016): 407 (internal anatomy); ROBERTS (2016): 878 (release in Washington State, USA).

Anaphes (Anaphes) flavipes: YOSHIMOTO (1990) : 52 (list); VIGGIANI (1994): 474, 480 (male genitalia, key).

Anaphes sp. : STEHR (1969): 1 (biological control).

Patasson valkenburgica View in CoL (misidentification): BAKKENDORF (1964): 3 [see BAKKENDORF (1970): 153 for correction].

Anaphes lemae Bakkendorf, 1970: 153 (original description); MICZULSKI (1973):98 (natural control); BOUČEK (1977): 122 ( Yugoslavia [ Serbia] record); TRJAPITZIN (1978): 531 (key, record from Voronezhskaya oblast’, Russia); COLLINS & GRAFIUS (1983): 2 (hosts); TRJAPITZIN (1987): 964 (key); VIGGIANI & JESU (1988): 1021 (synonymy under A. flavipes ); HUBER (1992): 48 (synonymy under A. flavipes ).

Anaphes auripes Walker, 1846: 52 View in CoL (original description); DALLA TORRE (1898): 423 (catalogue); SCHMIEDEKNECHT (1909): 499 (catalogue); KLOET & HINCKS (1945): 304 (British checklist); BOUČEK & GRAHAM (1978):110 (British checklist); GRAHAM (1982): 192, 209 (redescription, lectotype designation); HUBER (1992): 72 (list); THURÓCZY & O’CONNOR (2015): 56 ( Ireland records, lectotype image); DALE- SKEY et al. (2016): 232 (British checklist). New junior subjective synonym.

Mymar auripes: SOYKA (1949) View in CoL : 310 (list).

Type locality. Anaphes flavipes : ‘ Aachen’ [environs of Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany] ; Anaphes auripes : ‘England’ [almost certainly Southgate vicinity]; Anaphes lemae : ‘ Poland, Lublin (city area)’ [= Lublin Voivoideship] .

Type material examined. Gonatocerus flavipes : NEOTYPE: ♀ (here designated to avoid ambiguity about the identity of this species, whose type material is lost) ( Fig. 1 View Figs 1–2 ); on slide labelled as shown ( Fig. 2 View Figs 1–2 ): ‘ Gonatocerus | flavipes | Foerster | ♀ lateral | NEOTYPE || Germany: Aachen | 50.7788°N | 6.0382°E | 3.vi.2011 | P. Janšta | ex Oulema sp. | on barley’ ( NHMW) GoogleMaps .

Anaphes auripes : LECTOTYPE: ♀ (designated by GRAHAM (1982): 209, on card and labelled as shown in Fig. 11 View Fig ): ‘ Anaphes | auripes | Walker | LECTOTYPE: ♀ | M.de V. GRAHAM | det. 1972 || 9.’ ( NMID) .

Anaphes lemae : HOLOTYPE: ♀ (examined by HUBER 1992: 48) ( ZMUC).

Additional material examined (all in CNC unless otherwise indicated). AUSTRIA: WIEN: Vienna, Obere Lobau Nature, Reserve, 23.v.1996, B. Bartl, ex Oulema melanopus , in organically cultivated winter wheat field (5 ♀♀); No locality, vi.1968, G. E. Moorehead (4 ♀♀ 2 JJ, USNM). CANADA: ONTARIO: Delhi, 25.v.1988, C. Ellis (1 ♀, DEBU). NOVA SCOTIA: lot#95 FRN881-F93 from USDA-Aphis-PPQ, Niles, MI, 18.vi.1998, L. Crozier (5 ♀♀). CZECH REPUBLIC: BOHEMIA: Mečeříž, 50°17′24.07″N, 14°44′09.37″E, 28.v.2009, I. Králová & A. Samková, ex Oulema sp. , wheat field (1 ♀); Praha, 50°8′18.78″N, 14°22′11.00″E, 26.iv.2010 (2 ♀♀), 11.vi.2010 (1 ♀), A. Samková, ex Oulema , barley field; Roudné u Českých Budějovic, 48°56′6″N, 14°29′15″E, 24.v.2010, A. Samková, ex Oulema sp. , barley field (3 ♀♀); Velký Újezd, 49°34′42.92″N, 17°28′59.19″E, 26.v.2011, A. Samková, ex Oulema sp. , wheat field (1♀). FRANCE: Nanterre, 7.vii.1964, G.W.Angalet, 28.v.1965, R. I. Sailer (2 ♀♀, USNM); Tours, 27.vi.1968 (10 ♀♀ 5 JJ, USNM), 16.vi.1970 (4 ♀♀, USNM), L. Dureseau; Sèvres, 2–4. vi.1972, R. Dysart, E. Rivet, ex Oulema melanopus or O. gallaeciana (Heyden, 1870) (2 ♀♀). GERMANY: NORTH RHINE- WESTPHALIA: Aachen, 50.77876°N, 06.03816°E, 3.vi.2011, P. Janšta, A. Samková, ex Oulema spp. (35 ♀♀ 3 JJ); Aachen, 50.77876°N, 06.03816°E, 25.vi.2012, P. Janšta, A. Samková, ex Oulema spp. (7 JJ). ITALY: LAZIO: Rome, 17.v.1965, J. J. Drea (1 ♀, USNM); no locality, no month, 1965–1967, European parasite lab. staff, ex Oulema sp. (6 ♀♀). POLAND: no locality, 17.xii.1969, G. E. Moorehead (23 ♀♀ 11 JJ, USNM). ROMANIA: MURE Ș CO.: Reghin, 30.v.1968, R. Dysart, L. Coles, ex Oulema melanopus (7 ♀♀); no locality, vi.1968, G. E. Moorehead (2 ♀♀ 2 JJ, USNM). UKRAINE and/or RUSSIA: Kiev and/or Krasnodar, 1–3. vii.1970, ex Oulema gallaeciana (5 ♀♀). USA: MICHIGAN: Allegan Co., 29.iv.1968, T. L. Burger (3 ♀♀, USNM); Berrien Co.: Bertrand Township, 3.vii.1975, P. R. DeWitt (2 ♀♀ 2 JJ, USNM); Berrien Co., 1971 (2 ♀♀); Niles, 6.vii.1967, 2.x.1967, 10.vii.1969, 12.vi.1970, H. Maltby, T. L. Burger, F. Wilkinson, G. E. Moorehead (41 ♀♀ 14 JJ, USNM), 1975 (5 ♀♀, USNM), 1977 (11 ♀♀ 7 JJ); Branch Co., 1975 (23 ♀♀, USNM); St. Clair Co., 1975 (15 ♀♀, USNM). MARYLAND: Baltimore Co., 1975 (18 ♀♀, USNM); Washington Co., 25.vii.1975, P. R. DeWitt (2 ♀♀ 2 JJ, USNM), 1975 (14 ♀♀, USNM). NEW YORK: Ontario Co., 1973, ex Oulema melanopus (1 ♀); Ontario Co., 1975 (13 ♀♀, USNM). NORTH CAROLINA: Granville Co., 17.v.1991, D. I. Puttler, ex Oulema melanopus (3 ♀♀); Granville Co., 17.v.1991, B. I. Puttler (4 ♀♀ 1 J); Rowan Co., 16.v.1991 (15 ♀♀ 3 JJ). PENNSYLVANIA: Armstrong Co., 25.vii.1975, P. R. DeWitt (3 ♀♀ 1 J, USNM), 1975 (17 ♀♀, USNM). VIRGINIA: Hanover Co., 14.v.1991, J. Tate, ex Oulema melanopus (3 ♀♀). WEST VIRGINIA: Mason Co., 1975 (19 ♀♀, USNM). SERBIA: Zemun, no month, 1966–1968, P. Bjegovic, ex Oulema sp. (7 ♀♀); no locality, 18.viii.1967, T. L. Burger (12 ♀♀ 3 JJ, USNM); no locality or date, P. Bjegovic (5 ♀♀, USNM).

Diagnosis. Females of Anaphes flavipes are distinguished from those of other Anaphes species by the following combination of features: clava 1-segmented, at least 3.9× as long as wide; fl 2 –fl 6 each with 2 mps; fl 2 at least 2.5× as long as wide; fore wing at least 5.5× as long as wide; metatarsomere 1 equal to or slightly shorter than 2; OI about 1.0.

Description. Neotype female ( Fig. 1 View Figs 1–2 ). Uncleared, mounted laterally with three legs detached, on slide ( Fig. 2 View Figs 1–2 ). Body length 610. Colour. Body and antenna fairly uniform brown; legs except coxae light brown to yellow except metafemur and metatibia darker ( Fig. 1 View Figs 1–2 ). Antenna. Length/ width (ratio) of segments: scape 110/29 (3.79), pedicel 48/26 (1.85), fl 1 28/13 (2.15), fl 2 52/15 (3.47), fl 3 69/22 (3.14), fl 4 71/23 (3.09), fl 5 72/20 (3.60), fl 6 67/23 (2.91), clava 126/27 (4.67); fl 3 –fl 6 each with 2 mps. Total flagellum length 485. Wings. Fore wing length/width (ratio) 707/110 (6.43); longest marginal setae about 140, marginal space length 100, with single line of setae separating marginal space from hind margin ( Fig. 1 View Figs 1–2 ). Hind wing length/width (ratio) 702/33 (21.27), with 10 microtrichia in 1 median row in apical half of wing beyond venation; longest marginal setae about 120. Legs. Metatibia length 246; metatasomere 1 0.96× length of metatarsomere 2. Metasoma. Ovipositor length 250, extending under mesosoma to about level of mesocoxa; OI 1.02.

Variation in non-type specimens. Female ( Figs 4–10 View Figs 3–4 View Figs 5–6 View Figs 7–8 View Figs 9–10 ). Body length (n = 10) excluding ovipositor 409–657. Head width (n = 89, slide-mounted females, 5 from Austria, 5 from Canada, 8 from Czech Republic, 2 from France, 35 from Germany, 6 from Italy, 7 from Romania, 7 from Serbia, 5 from Ukraine and/or Russia and 9 from USA) 201–281. Length/ width of segments: fl 1 20–34/12–18, fl 2 24–72/13–35, fl 3 48–87/16–26, fl 4 52–89/16–28, fl 5 52–87/15–30, fl 6 52–85/17–28, clava 107–151/26–42. Total flagellum length 405–605. Mesosoma. Fore wing length/width 529–821/69–145. Metatibia length 175–310. Metasoma. Ovipositor length 200–309; OI 0.9–1.4.

Male ( Fig. 3 View Figs 3–4 ). Body length 385–665 (n = 50, critical point dried and point- or card-mounted specimens, 30 from North America and 20 from Europe). Similar to female except as follows. Length/width of segments (n = 10, slide-mounted specimens from Germany): head width 185–228, pedicel 37–48/23–33, fl 1+2 58–88/17–22, fl 3 58–82/17–22, fl 4 62–80/17–22, fl 5 62–82/17–22, fl 6 60–82/17–22, fl 7 58–83/17–22, fl 8 57–82/17–23, fl 9 57–80/17–23, fl 10 55–82/18–23, fl 11 63–82/17–22. Total flagellum length 590–815. Fore wing length/width 640–840/85–118, hind wing length/width 590–770/25–33. Metatibia length 200–207. Genitalia shown in Fig. 10. VIGGIANI View Figs 9–10 (1994) measured 7 features of the male genitalia from 20 specimens in each of 4 allopatric populations ( Italy, former Yugoslavia, Poland and Romania) of A. flavipes and found no significant differences among them.

Ratios of all measurements as well as minimum and maximum values for each measured structure of 89 females of A. flavipes from different localities across the distribution and 10 males of A. flavipes from Germany are tabulated (Appendices 1 and 2). Absolute measurements are also plotted as bar graphs (Appendix 3) ; all these measurements are accessible on request from the authors.

Hosts. Lema trilinea White, 1981 ( BURGER & HOLMES 1972, as L. trilineata Olivier, 1808 ), Oulema gallaeciana Heyden, 1870 [= Crioceris obscura Stephens, 1831 and BAKKENDORF 1970, as L. lichenis Voet, 1806 ], Oulema collaris (Say, 1824) , O. melanopus (Linneaus, 1758) , the cereal leaf beetle ( Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae ). Under laboratory conditions Crioceris duodecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chrysomelidae) and Hypera zoilus Scopoli, 1763 (Curculionidae) were also parasitized ( ANDERSON & PASCHKE 1968).

Distribution. Palearctic Region: Austria ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Bulgaria ( PAVLOV 1981, as A. flavipes ), Czech Republic (new record), Finland ( HELLÉN 1974, as A. flavipes ), France ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Germany ( FOERSTER 1841), Hungary ( HORVÁTH & SZABOLCS 1992, as A. flavipes ), Ireland ( THURÓCZY & O’CONNOR 2015, as A. auripes ), Italy ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Macedonia? ( BOUČEK 1977, as A. flavipes ), Poland ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Romania ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Russia ( HELLÉN 1974, as A. flavipes ; RYAKHOVSKIY & KRAKHMAL’ 1978, as A. flavipes ; TRJAPITZIN 1978, as A. lemae ), Serbia ( BOUČEK 1977, as A. flavipes ), United Kingdom (DALE- SKEY et al. 2016, as A. auripes ), Ukraine (new record), Yugoslavia ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ). Nearctic Region: Canada: Ontario ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Nova Scotia (new record), USA: Indiana ( MEYER 1976, as A. flavipes ), Maryland ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Michigan ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), New Jersey ( ANONYMOUS 1976b, as A. flavipes ), New York ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), North Carolina ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Ohio ( ANONYMOUS 1976c, as A. flavipes ), Pennsylvania ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ), Virginia (new record), Washington ( ROBERTS 2016, as A. flavipes ), West Virginia ( HUBER 1992, as A. flavipes ).

Comments. A neotype is designated with the express purpose of clarifying the taxonomic status of G. flavipes Foerster. The neotype is distinguished from similar species in the speciose (about 240 nominal species) and difficult genus Anaphes by the following combination of features: fl 1 and fl 2 without mps, remaining funicle segments with 2 mps and, except for fl 1, at least 2.5× as long as wide; clava 1-segmented; fore wing 6.4× as long as wide and slightly pointed; and ovipositor length 1.0× metatibia length. Its measurements are given above and it is illustrated in Fig. 1 View Figs 1–2 . Foerster’s collection was partially destroyed ( SOYKA 1949: 310) and JH confirmed this when he was unable to find Foester’s material of G. flavipes during a visit to NHMW. The specimens selected as neotype is from or very near the Foerster’s type locality (Aachen or environs) and fits his brief description and redescription fairly well. It will be deposited in NHMW, where most remaining Foerster specimens are deposited.

The measurements of the lectotype of A. auripes fall well within the range of variation for A. flavipes , e.g., length/width ratio of funicle segments: fl 1 1.5, fl 2 3.2, fl 3 3.4, fl 4 3.6, fl 5 3.1, fl 6 2.8, clava 4.4; wing length/width ratio 6.4; and ovipositor length/metatibia length ratio1.0, so our synonymy is justified.

NHMW

Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien

ZMUC

Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen

CNC

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

DEBU

Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Mymaridae

Genus

Anaphes

Loc

Anaphes flavipes ( Foerster, 1841 )

Samková, Alena, Janšta, Petr & Huber, John T. 2017
2017
Loc

Anaphes lemae

HUBER J. T. 1992: 48
1992
Loc

Anaphes (Anaphes) flavipes: YOSHIMOTO (1990)

VIGGIANI G. 1994: 474
YOSHIMOTO C. M. 1990: 52
1990
Loc

Anaphes lemae

HUBER J. T. 1992: 48
VIGGIANI G. & JESU R. 1988: 1021
TRJAPITZIN V. A. 1987: 964
COLLINS R. D. & GRAFIUS E. J. 1983: 2
BOUCEK Z. 1977: 122
MICZULSKI B. 1973: 98
BAKKENDORF O. 1970: 153
1970
Loc

Anaphes sp.

STEHR F. W. 1969: 1
1969
Loc

Patasson valkenburgica

BAKKENDORF O. 1970: 153
BAKKENDORF O. 1964: 3
1964
Loc

Mymar auripes:

SOYKA W. 1949: 310
1949
Loc

Anaphes flavipes:

POLILOV A. A. 2016: 407
ROBERTS D. E. 2016: 878
MAKAROVA A. A. & POLILOV A. & FISCHER S. 2015: 21
KHER S. V. 2014: 23
PUTTLER B. & BAILEY C. W. & TRIAPITSYN S. 2014: 34
TEWKSBURY E. A. 2014: 4
BUCUREAN E. & MARNEA A. I. 2013: 30
KAMRAN A. & ASIF M. & HUSSAIN S. B. & AHMAD M. & HIRANI A. 2013: 174
MAKAROVA A. A. & POLILOV A. A. 2013: 714
BAQUERO E. 2012: 7
PINTUREAU B. 2012: 34
ROBERTS D. & RAO S. 2012: 6
DOSDALL L. M. & CARCAMO H. & OLFERT O. & MEERS S. & HARTLEY S. & GAVLOSKI J. 2011: 1145
PHILIPS C. R. & HERBERT D. A. & KUHAR T. P. & REISIG D. D. & THOMASON W. E. & MALONE S. 2011: 3
HOFFMAN G. D. & RAO S. 2010: 57
LAZNIK Z. & STRUKEL J. M. & TRDAN S. 2010: 142
MILLS N. 2009: 394
JANDREAU C. M. 2008: 1
JELOKOVA M. & GALLO J. 2008: 109
JOHNSON G. & BLODGETT S. & PEAIRS F. 2008: 2
KARREN J. B. 2008: 2
PEAIRS F. B. 2008: 4234
PRICOP E. 2008: 124
GALLO J. 2007: 446
LESAGE L. & DOBESBERGER E. J. & MAJKA C. G. 2007: 288
PIKE K. S. & MILLER T. & ROBERTS D. 2007: 1
WABEKE A. 2007: 9
WABEKE A. 2007: 40
BAI B. B. & WORTH R. A. & JOHNSON K. J. & BROWN G. W. 2006: 1
EVANS E. W. & KARREN J. B. & ISRAELSEN C. E. 2006: 1968
GODFREY L. & NATWICK E. & WRIGHT S. & JACKSON L. 2006: 4
HOFFMAN G. D. & RAO S. 2006: 43
JANDREAU C. M. 2006: 1
CARBONE S. & ILLAMOLA A. & RIVERA A. C. 2006: 373
TRAORE L. & PILON J. G. & FOURNIER F. & BOIVIN G. 2006: 1122
POPOV C. & MALSCHI D. & VILAU F. & STOICA V. 2005: 49
TRUDGILL D. L. & HONEK A. & LI D. & STRAALEN N. M. V. 2005: 7
BLODGETT S. & THARP C. I. & KEPHART K. 2004: 4
CASAGRANDE R. A. & KENIS M. 2004: 123
HAYE T. & KENIS M. 2004: 404
KIMBERLING D. N. 2004: 313
BAI B. B. & WORTH R. A. & JOHNSON K. J. & BROWN G. W. 2003: 1
KIDD K. A. 2003: 9
OLSON K. & DOWNEY L. A. & RONDA E. H. 2003: 3
GLOGOZA P. 2002: 2
HITCHCOX M. E. & MILLER S. & PIKE K. S. & GOULD M. C. 2002: 8
YOKOYAMA V. Y. & MILLER G. T. 2002: 513
BAI B. B. & WORTH R. A. & JOHNSON K. J. & BROWN G. 2001: 1
MEINDL P. & KROMP P. & BARTL B. & IOANNIDOU E. 2001: 79
VAIL P. V. & COULSON J. R. & KAUFFMAN W. C. & DIX M. E. 2001: 44
BAI B. B. & WORTH R. A. 2000: 1
FOURNIER F. & BOIVIN G. 2000: 59
MILEVOJ L. 1998: 216
MAYHEW P. J. 1997: 238
MORRILL W. L. 1995: 93
PAGLIANO G. & NAVONE P. 1995: 35
COX M. L. 1994: 430
MESSING R. H. & KLUNGNESS L. M. & PURCELL M. F. 1994: 976
SCHARER P. 1994: 21
FURUKAWA K. & AKIYAMA Y. & TAKAKURA S. 1993: 92
HORVATH L. & SZABOLCS J. 1992: 585
HUBER J. T. 1992: 36
BAILEY W. C. & CARLSON C. E. & PUTTLER B. & STOLTENOW C. R. 1991: 457
PICARD C. & AUCLAIR J. L. & BOIVIN G. 1991: 173
SZABOLCS J. & HORVATH L. 1991: 166
BURGESS V. 1990: 6
MIURA K. 1990: 589
ELLIS C. R. & KORMOS B. & GUPPY J. C. 1989: 43
GLOGOWSKI S. 1989: 240
HAESELBARTH E. 1989: 494
RUBERSON J. R. & TAUBER M. J. & TAUBER C. A. 1989: 190
VIGGIANI G. & JESU R. 1988: 1021
DAVIDSON R. H. & LYON W. F. 1987: 178
DONEV A. 1987: 69
HUA L. 1987: 41
TRJAPITZIN V. A. 1987: 964
COLLINS R. D. & GRAFIUS E. 1986: 31
HUBER J. T. 1986: 197
LAMPERT E. P. & HAYNES D. L. 1985: 74
STAINES C. L. Jr. 1984: 435
COLLINS R. D. & GRAFIUS E. J. 1983: 2
LAMPERT E. P. & HAYNES D. J. & SAWYER A. J. & JOKINEN D. P. & WELLSO S. G. & GALLUN R. L. & ROBERTS J. J. 1983: 972
MCPHERSON R. M. 1983: 127
BATTENFIELD S. L. & WELLSO S. G. & HAYNES L. D. 1982: 291
FEDDE V. H. & FEDDE G. F. & DROOZ A. T. 1982: 382
WEBSTER J. A. & SMITH D. H. & HOXIE R. P. 1982: 839
BOTTERWEG P. F. 1981: 170
HAYNES D. L. & GAGE S. H. 1981: 269
HINTON H. E. 1981: 238
PAVLOV A. 1981: 116
AKERS R. C. & ROBINSON W. H. & AKRAM M. & FORGASH A. J. & AVERILL A. L. & PROKOPY R. J. & LAMB R. C. 1980: 34
BURGER T. L. 1980: 39
BURKS B. D. 1979: 1029
PESCHKEN D. P. & JOHNSON G. R. 1979: 1061
CLAUSEN C. P. 1978: 253
AESCHLIMANN J. P. 1977: 112
BOUCEK Z. 1977: 122
LUTZE G. 1977: 172
PAVLOV A. 1977: 151
SHEPARD M. & GALE G. T. 1977: 316
ANONYMOUS 1976: 414
ANONYMOUS 1976: 369
ANONYMOUS 1976: 420
GREATHEAD D. J. 1976: 128
HAGEN K. S. & VIKTOROV G. A. & YASUMATSU K. & SCHUSTER M. F. 1976: 398
MEYER R. W. 1976: 232
AESCHLIMANN J. P. 1975: 407
TUMMALA R. L. & RUESINK W. G. & HAYNES D. L. 1975: 175
ANONYMOUS 1974: 2
DYADECHKO N. P. & RUBAN M. B. 1974: 27
GUTIERREZ A. P. & DENTON W. H. & SHADE R. & MALTBY H. & BURGER T. & MOOREHEAD G. 1974: 627
HAYNES D. L. & GAGE S. H. & FULTON W. 1974: 167
HELLEN W. 1974: 24
OLTON G. S. & LEGNER E. F. 1974: 794
STEHR F. W. & GAGE P. S. & BURGER T. & MONTGOMERY V. E. 1974: 453
BARR R. O. & COTA P. C. & GAGE S. H. & HAYNES D. L. & KHARKAR A. N. & KOENIG H. E. & LEE K. Y. & RUESINK W. G. & TUMMALA R. L. 1973: 249
DYSART R. J. & MALTBY H. L. & BRUNSON M. H. 1973: 157
MALTBY H. L. & BURGER T. L. & HOLMES M. C. & DEWITT P. R. 1973: 298
MICZULSKI B. 1973: 98
PUTTLER B. & THEWKE S. E. & WARNER R. E. 1973: 1304
ANONYMOUS 1972: 1
BJEGOVIC P. 1972: 207
BURGER T. L. & HOLMES M. C. 1972: 1185
CARL K. P. 1972: 179
BJEGOVIC P. 1971: 176
BURGER T. L. & BILLINGSLEY C. H. & PHILIPS F. M. & HOSLER G. W. 1971: 1253
DYSART R. J. 1971: 446
MALTBY H. L. & STEHR F. W. & ANDERSON R. C. & MOOREHEAD G. E. & BARTON L. C. & PASCHKE J. D. 1971: 693
MORRIS A. P. & MOOREHEAD G. E. 1971: 41
ANDERSON R. C. & PASCHKE J. D. 1970: 107
ANDERSON R. C. & PASCHKE J. D. 1970: 821
BAKKENDORF O. 1970: 154
BARTON L. C. & STEHR F. W. 1970: 128
MOOREHEAD G. E. & MALTBY H. L. 1970: 675
MOOREHEAD G. E. & MALTBY H. L. 1970: 1
ANDERSON R. C. & PASCHKE J. D. 1969: 1316
STEHR F. W. 1969: 1
ANDERSON R. C. & PASCHKE J. D. 1968: 1
BARTON L. C. 1968: 3
SOYKA W. 1949: 310
DEBAUCHE H. R. 1948: 160
SCHMIEDEKNECHT O. 1909: 499
DALLA TORRE K. W. DE 1898: 423
KIRCHNER L. 1867: 202
FOERSTER A. 1847: 212
LOEW H. 1847: 341
1847
Loc

Anaphes auripes

THUROCZY C. & O'CONNOR J. P. 2015: 56
HUBER J. T. 1992: 72
GRAHAM M. W. R. DE V. 1982: 192
BOUCEK Z. & GRAHAM M. W. R. DE V. 1978: 110
KLOET G. S. & HINCKS W. D. 1945: 304
SCHMIEDEKNECHT O. 1909: 499
DALLA TORRE K. W. DE 1898: 423
WALKER F. 1846: 52
1846
Loc

Gonatocerus flavipes

WALKER F. 1846: 53
FOERSTER A. 1841: 45
1841
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