Panorpa reflexa, Wang, Ji-Shen & Hua, Bao-Zhen, 2016

Wang, Ji-Shen & Hua, Bao-Zhen, 2016, Two new species of the genus Panorpa Linnaeus (Mecoptera, Panorpidae) from Yunnan, China, ZooKeys 587, pp. 151-162 : 153-155

Taxon classification Animalia Mecoptera Panorpidae

Panorpa reflexa sp. n. Figs 1, 2, 3, 4A

Type material.

Holotype: CHINA: Yunnan Province: ♂, Mt. Daxueshan [大雪山] (24°11.27'N, 99°37.35'E), 2000 m, Yongde County [永德县], 21 Aug. 2015, leg. Ji-Shen Wang. Paratypes. 31♂♂48♀♀, same data as the holotype, 21-23 Aug. 2015.

Diagnosis.

The new species can be recognized by the following features: 1) dorsum of body with one broad pale longitudinal stripe mesally; 2) head yellowish brown with the ocellar triangle and the postvertex black; 3) wings hyaline with a greatly reduced pterostigmal band; 4) hypandrium greatly shortened, with hypovalves only reaching the basal third of the gonocoxites; and 5) parameres 3-shaped.

Description of male.

Head. Head mostly yellow. A black pattern on postvertex, transverse, shallowly notched on anterior margin, and laterally adjacent to compound eyes; another black pattern around ocellar triangle, almost pentagonal, with its anterior margin extending to the upper border of the light yellow antennal sockets. Antennal scape brown, pedicel dark brown, flagellum black with 38-42 segments. Rostrum unevenly yellowish brown with genae pale. Maxillary and labial palps yellowish with distal segments darkening toward the apex (Fig. 1C).

Thorax. Pronotum brown, with 6-10 stout setae along its anterior margin. Meso- and metanotum brown with a broad pale longitudinal stripe and a narrow brown mesal line (Fig. 1D). Pleura pale yellow. Legs light brown with coxae pale yellow and distal tarsomeres brown.

Wings. Forewing length 10.40 ± 0.37 mm, width 2.40 ± 0.17 mm. Pterostigma light brown with dense microtrichia. Wing membrane hyaline, devoid of markings except the greatly reduced brown pterostigmal band, which forms an irregular spot at vein R1 and extending to vein M1 as a series of discontinuous spots. Vein 1A ending at the hind margin beyond the level of the origin of Rs. Hindwing length 9.47 ± 0.36 mm, width 2.28 ± 0.11 mm, similar to forewings, but with the pterostigmal band more degenerated (Fig. 1A).

Abdomen. Terga I–V brown, with a pale longitudinal mesal stripe connected with the thoracic stripe anteriorly and narrowing posteriorly. Notal organ on the posterior margin of tergum III slightly developed and covering the acute dorsal process of tergum IV (Fig. 1D). Sterna I–V light brown, pleura pale. A6 blackish brown with distal third yellowing gradually, cylindrical, without anal horns. A7 and A8 yellowish orange, with faint brown textures laterally; A7 nearly cylindrical, A8 slightly constricted basally and beveled apically (Fig. 1E).

Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish orange, oval, slightly flat in lateral view (Fig. 2). Epandrium (tergum IX) extending beyond the apex of gonocoxite, slightly constricted midway, distal half tapering toward the apex, with a deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel digital processes (Fig. 2C). Cerci clavate. Hypandrium (sternum IX) greatly shortened, extending only to the basal third of gonocoxites, hypovalves bearing long bristles along inner margins (Fig. 2A). Gonostylus shorter than half the length of gonocoxite, outer margin slightly concaved, inner margin with a blunt median tooth and a curved subbasal process (Fig. 2G). Parameres 3-shaped; both arms nearly half the length of aedeagus, with acute tips, and bearing numerous microtrichia along inner margins; anterior arms stretched under hypovalves. (Fig. 2A, B). Ventral valves of aedeagus thick, slightly sclerotized with apexes rounded, bearing numerous soft setae; dorsal valves strongly sclerotized, with many marginal spines and prominent, flattened apexes, exceeding to the base of gonostylus; the joint edge of dorsal and ventral valves rolled ventrad, with three acute teeth ventrally, and one long spine dorsolaterally (Fig. 2 D–F).

Description of female.

Similar to males in general appearance. The ocellar pattern more rounded than that of males; wings with pterostigmal band more developed (Fig. 1B). Forewing length 11.10 ± 0.35 mm, width 2.48 ± 0.13 mm; hindwing length 10.17 ± 0.27 mm, width 2.31 ± 0.11 mm, similar to forewings.

Female genitalia. A9 nearly twice the length of A8. Subgenital plate accompanied with two lateral plates, which slightly beyond half the length of the main part; main part with basal half trapezoid, distal half vase-shaped and bearing long thick setae marginally (Fig. 3A, B). Genital plate small, shorter than half of subgenital plate; axis short, entirely concealed in the main plate, posterior apex acute; anterior arms shorter than main plate, curved entad; posterior arms longer than main plate, straight, narrowed toward the apex, slightly convergent (Fig. 3C).

Etymology.

The specific epithet is derived from the Latin reflex- (turned back, reflected), referring to the anterior arms of the paramere in male genitalia being reflected, and not directed caudad as usual.

Distribution.

China (Yunnan Province).

Comparisons.

Panorpa reflexa sp. n. is similar to Panorpa decolorata Chou & Wang, 1981 from Shaanxi Province, Panorpa filina Chou & Wang, 1987 from Hunan Province, Panorpa waongkehzengi Navás, 1935 from Jiangxi Province, China in abdominal morphology, but differs from the latter three species by the males of Panorpa reflexa with the paramere 3 -shaped and its anterior arm directed cephalad (cf. parameres are directed caudad, whether branched or not).

Panorpa reflexa resembles Panorpa guttata Navás, 1908 from Sichuan Province, China in the greatly reduced pterostigmal band in wings, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the black ocellar triangle and postvertex (cf. vertex is uniformly colored).