Carineta trinidadensis, Sanborn, 2020

Sanborn, Allen F., 2020, The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Trinidad and Tobago including the description of three new species and seven new records, with new records for several additional Caribbean Islands, Zootaxa 4838 (4), pp. 535-565 : 550-554

Carineta trinidadensis n. sp.

( Fig. 2 )

Type material. Holotype. “Asa Wright Nature Ctr./ 7.5mi. N. of Arima on/ Blanchisseuse Road / Trinidad, W.I./ June 22–24 1984 / P.J. Clausen ” male ( FSCA) . Paratypes. Same data as holotype, one female ( FSCA), one female ( AFSC); “ Asa Wright Nature Ctr. / 7.5mi. N. of Arima on/ Blanchisseuse Road / Trinidad, W.I./ June 23 1985 /P.J. Clausen” two females ( FSCA), one female ( AFSC); “ Asa Wright Nature Ctr. / 7.5mi. N. of Arima on/ Blanchisseuse Road / Trinidad, W.I./ June 25 1985 /P.J. Clausen” one male ( FSCA) ; “ Asa Wright Nature Ctr. / 7.5mi. N. of Arima on/ Blanchisseuse Road / Trinidad, W.I./ June 26 1984 /P.J. Clausen” one female ( FSCA), one male ( AFSC); “ Asa Wright Nature Ctr. / 7.5mi. N. of Arima on/ Blanchisseuse Road / Trinidad, W.I./ June 28 1984 /P.J. Clausen” one male ( FSCA), one male ( AFSC); “ Asa Wright Nature Ctr. / 7.5mi. N. of Arima on/ Blanchisseuse Road / Trinidad, W.I./ June 30 1984 /P.J. Clausen” one male ( AFSC) ; “ Asa Wright Nature Ctr. / 7.5mi. N. of Arima on/ Blanchisseuse Road / Trinidad, W.I./ July 3 1984 /P.J. Clausen” two males ( FSCA), two males and one female ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley/“ Simla ” Beebe Trop. Res./Center 11–18-Mar-2000 / R. E. Woodruff, blacklight” seven males ( FSCA), six males ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley/“ Simla ” Beebe Trop. Res./Center Nov. 3–9, 2000 / blacklight trap R.I. Hern-/andez & R. E. Woodruff ” one male and one female ( FSCA), one male ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley/“ Simla ” Beebe Trop. Res./Center X-29–XI-2, 2000 / blacklight trap R.I. Hern-/andez & R. E. Woodruff ” three males ( FSCA), three males ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: Arima / Valley, “ Simla ”,/ 17-V-1987 / R. E. Woodruff / blacklight trap ” one male ( FSCA) ; “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley /Simla, W. Beebe Tropical / Res. Sta. , 27-VI–3- VII-/1978, C.B, & H. V. Weems/Blacklight” two males and one female ( FSCA), two males and one female ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley /Simla, W. Beebe Tropical / Res. Sta. , 27-VI–3- VII-/1978, H. V. Weems Jr.” one male ( FSCA) ; “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley,/ Simla, W. Bebe (sic) Tropical Res. / Sta. blacklight/ 27-June–3-July-1978 /C. & H. V. Weems, Jr.” two males and one female ( FSCA), two males ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: St. George/Co., 1.9 mi. W, of Cumuto/“Indian Walk Ride”/ Forest Rd. , 27-VII-1975 /K. W. Knopf ” two males and one female ( FSCA), one male ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD, W.I./ Simla, Arima Valley / 3 July 1966, #1/ T. J. Walker “ one male ( FSCA), one male ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: St. George Co. / Arima Ward, Simla (N.Y.// Zool. Soc. Sta. ), 11-VI-77/ R. E. Woodruff / blacklight trap ” two males ( FSCA), two males ( AFSC); “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley / Simla , 15-V-1987 / R. E. Woodruff /at light” one male ( FSCA) ; “ TRINIDAD: Simla / Arima-Blanchissense Rd. /B.L. T,, 30-VII-1975 / J. Price, coll.” one male ( FSCA), one male ( AFSC); “TRINIDAD I./ Simla Res. Sta. / 2–15 Jun 1981 /Hanson, Clemons” one male and one female ( AFSC) ; “ TRINIDAD: Arima Valley / Simla Res. Station / 27 June–29 July 1982 / J. M. Carpenter &/J. S. Edgerly” one male and one female ( AFSC); TRINIDAD /CHATHAM/1983” two males ( AFSC) ; “ TRINIDAD, W.I.:/ Simla Research Center / 4 mi. N. Arima / 08 JAN 1979 ” one male ( MTEC) ; “ TRINIDAD: 8 mi. /N. of Arima at/ Beebe research labs/(Simla), 20 Jun 03, REW” one male ( UCDC) .

Remarks. Carineta trinidadensis n. sp. is a medium sized monochromatic species It is part of a group of species of similar size and general morphology including C. aratayensis Boulard, 1986 , C. cyrili Champanhet, 1999 , C. dicrophyrxothrix Sanborn, 2020b , C. dolosa Boulard, 1986 , C. doxiptera Walker, 1858a , C. ensifera Sanborn, 2019a , C. gemella Boulard, 1986 , C. hamata Sanborn, 2019a , C. lichiana Boulard, 1986 , C. rumipataensis Sanborn, 2020b , C. socia Uhler, 1875 , C. ventrilloni Boulard, 1986 , and C. viridicata Distant, 1883 . The new species is distinguished based primarily on the difference in basal pygofer lobe appendage structure from the known species.

Etymology. The name is a combination of the island of origin (trinidad -) and - ensis (L., suffix denoting place, locality).

Description. Ground color in fresh specimens is a green head and thorax and tawny abdomen with long golden pile on thorax and abdomen, short golden pile and long piceous pile on head and thorax. Color ranges from green to ochraceous to reddish in the type series based on age and collection method. The distal wings are heavily bronzed.

Head. Head not as wide as mesonotum, ground color with castaneous border on medial lateral ocelli and posterior median ocellus. Ocelli rosaceous, ochraceous in some paratypes. Eyes castaneous, ochraceous in some paratypes. Head covered with short golden pile, denser posterior to eye, dense, long, golden pile between lateral ocelli on epicranial suture, dense, long piceous pile anterior to lateral ocelli, posterior and lateral to median ocellus, extending anterolaterally while decreasing in density across anterior vertex to anteromedial eye and supra-antennal plate, density of pile reduced in some paratypes, long piceous pile radiating from eye margin. White pubescence on anterior frons and along frontoclypeal suture in some paratypes. Gena and lorum ground color covered with dense, long white pile and radiating long piceous pile. Postclypeus ground color, centrally sulcate from anterior to posteroventral margin to apex, with ten transverse ridges, short silvery pile on lateral margin, long piceous pile radiating from dorsal and ventral surfaces, denser on dorsal surface. Anteclypeus ground color with dense, long white pile, radiating long piceous pile. Mentum ground color with castaneous mark on either side of distal midline and distal margin, labium ground color with lateral fascia that is castaneous at base becoming piceous distally, reaching to posterior of middle trochanters. Antennal segments ground color except castaneous annular mark on distal scape.

Thorax. Dorsal thorax ground color. Pronotum covered with short golden pile, golden longer pile radiating from lateral part of pronotal collar, and long piceous pile radiating from pronotum. Mesonotum ground color with small piceous mark on posterolateral junction with wing. Metanotum ground color with small piceous mark on posterolateral corner at junction with hind wing anal cell 3. Mesonotum covered with short golden pile, long golden pile between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, posterior to anterior arms of cruciform elevation, on lateral and posterior mesothorax, within and radiating from wing groove, and on posterolateral metanotum, long piceous pile radiating from mesonotum. Ventral thoracic segments ground color, castaneous trochantin 2 and trochantin 3 in some paratypes, covered with short silvery, long white and radiating long golden pile.

Wings. Fore wing and wings hyaline, apical cells distinctly bronzed. Venation ground color becoming darker distally except castaneous anal vein 2 + 3. Basal cell hyaline, pterostigma present, longitudinal lines of infuscation in apical cells and on marginal area of fore wings, apical cell 1 with a series of tangential lines, outer fore wing margin infuscated, basal membrane of fore wing grayish with darker posterior margin. Hind wing venation ground color becoming darker distally, longitudinal lines of infuscation on marginal area of hind wings, outer hind wing margin infuscated. Anal cell 3 along proximal half of anal vein 3, anal cell 2 along anal vein 2 lightening distally and along anal vein 3 almost to distal end, anal cell 1 along proximal quarter of anal vein 2 grayish, anal cell 3 with darker posterior margin, ground color posterior margin or grayish in some paratypes.

Legs. Legs ground color except castaneous mark and proximolateral fore coxa, castaneous fore femora spines, and castaneous distal pretarsal claws. Variable discoloration in type series unique to individuals probably the result of chemical exposure as the specimens with the basic coloration lack any markings. Fore femora proximal spine largest, angled to greatest degree, secondary spine almost upright, tertiary spine slightly angled, and very small apical spine emerging from distal base of tertiary spine. Tibial spurs and combs castaneous with darker tips. Legs with short golden and radiating long golden pile, long piceous pile on proximolateral fore coxa. Meracanthus broadly triangular, ground color, reaching anterior of medial opercular margin, female meracanthus extending beyond posterior opercular margin to middle of sternite II.

Opercula. Male operculum ground color covered with short golden and radiating long golden pile, long silvery pile at base, lateral margin straight, angled slightly medially, rounded posterolateral margin, and straight posterior margin, acutely angled medial margin, not meeting medially, reaching medial meracanthus, not covering tympanal cavity posteriorly or anteromedially, forming an approximate right angle when viewed from the posterior. Female operculum and meracanthus of similar shape and color, operculum reaching to middle of sternite II posteriorly and middle of meracanthus medially.

Abdomen. Abdominal tergites ground color, posterior margin darker in holotype and some paratypes, tergites covered with short and radiating long golden pile, short golden pile radiating from posterior tergite margins, long golden pile surrounding timbal cavity and radiating from auditory capsule. Timbal exposed, white with castaneous ribs, six long ribs and five intercalary ribs. Male sternites ground color with short golden and radiating long golden pile, epipleurites ground color with golden pile. Female tergites and sternites similarly colored to male with similar pile. Female sternite VII with deep V-shaped medial notch, extending posteriorly with parallel sides to length of lateral posterior margin where it curves laterad extending as a point beyond sinusoidal posterolateral margin. Female abdominal segment 9 ground color with light castaneous ventral and posteroventral margins, covered with short golden and radiating long golden pile. Dorsal beak castaneous, about twice as long as castaneous anal styles. Posterior margin of abdominal segment 9 straight.

Genitalia. Male pygofer ground color. Dorsal beak narrow, about twice as long as castaneous margined anal styles. Pygofer basal lobe about half-length of pygofer, curving mediad with curved lateral apex radiating dense golden pile. Upper pygofer lobes elongated, flattened, bent at approximate right angle near base, apex can curving ventrally (away from pygofer) in some paratypes, with dense, long golden pile extending from apex, pile is longer than upper pygofer lobe. Claspers wide at base with short, knob-like, rounded medial terminus. Basal lobe appendage flattened at base, rapidly narrowing, crossing across midline, recurving to ipsilateral side, bifurcating into a short, straight, posterior extension that is about one-quarter the length of the longer, curved anterior extension. Castaneous aedeagus tubular.

Female gonocoxite IX ground color. Gonapophysis IX castaneous, gonapophysis X castaneous, dark castaneous or piceous in various paratypes. Ovipositor sheath extends beyond dorsal beak. Long golden pile radiating from ovipositor sheath.

Measurements (mm). N = ten males or ten females, mean (range). Length of body: males 25.66 (24.85–26.65), female 26.71 (25.30–27.00); length of fore wing: males 33.00 (31.80–34.40), female 32.84 (31.70–34.05); width of fore wing: males 11.73 (11.50–12.05), female 11.73 (11.30–12.25); length of head: males 4.14 (3.90–4.25), female 4.17 (4.00–4.30); width of head including eyes: males 7.77 (7.65–8.05), female 7.72 (7.45–7.95); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: males 11.02 (10.60–11.40), female 10.98 (10.60–11.60); width of mesonotum: males 8.78 (8.35–9.20), female 8.92 (8.35–9.30).

Diagnosis. Carineta trinidadensis n. sp. is part of a group of species that are of similar size and general morphology including C. aratayensis , C. cyrili , C. dicrophyrxothrix , C. dolosa , C. doxiptera , C. ensifera , C. gemella , C. hamata , C. lichiana , C. rumipataensis , C. socia , C. ventrilloni , and C. viridicata . The basal pygofer lobe appendage is unique in each species of Carineta and is the most reliable way to differentiate species within the group.

The species with the most similar basal lobe appendage are C. gemella and C. ventrilloni . The basal lobe appendage of both of these species has a bifurcated terminus. However, the shorter extension is 55% and 44%, respectively, of the length of the longer extension in these species. The shorter extension is only about 33% of the longer extension in the new species. In addition, the longer extension is smoothly arched in C. gemella , forms a oblique angle at about three quarters distance in C. ventrilloni but straight for proximal third then strongly arched distally in the new species. Although C. dolosa also has a birfurcated basal lobe appendage terminus, the extensions are both short and of equal length.

This new species can be distinguished from C. aratayensis , C. dicrophyrxothrix , C. ensifera , C. gemella , C. hamata , C. lichiana , C. socia , and C. viridicata by the curved rather than straight posterior margin of the operculum in these species. Similarly, the rounded medial margin to the operculum distinguishes C. doxiptera , C. ensifera , C. gemella , C. socia , and C. viridicata . Carineta socia and C. viridicata also the lack of bronzing of the distal fore wings so that fore wing apical cells of these species possess only longitudinal lines. The eleven timbal ribs and finger-like medial extension of the operculum quickly distinguish C. rumipataensis from the new species. A similar finger-like medial extension of the male opercula is found in C. cyrili , C. dolosa , and C. ventrilloni . The upper pygofer lobe extension does not reach the distal shoulder in C. dolosa and reaches just past the distal shoulder in C. ventrilloni but extends well beyond the distal shoulder in the new species. Carineta cyrili has a very similar general appearance but can be quickly distinguished by the basal pygofer lobe appendages that expand into an ax-like terminus, the angled fore femur secondary spine, and fore femur tertiary spine angled to the greatest degree of the femoral spines and the lack of an apical spine on the fore femur.

Distribution. The species is known only from the type series collected from various localities across Trinidad.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Carineta trinidadensis n. sp.: A, holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, holotype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–E, 2 mm; F–G, 1 mm; H–I, 2 mm.