Daidalotarsonemus oliveirai Rezende, Lofego & Ochoa

Rezende, Jose Marcos, Lofego, Antonio Carlos, Ochoa, Ronald & Bauchan, Gary, 2015, New species of Daidalotarsonemus and Excelsotarsonemus (Acari, Tarsonemidae) from the Brazilian rainforest, ZooKeys 475, pp. 1-36 : 2-11

Taxon classification Animalia Trombidiformes Tarsonemidae

Daidalotarsonemus oliveirai Rezende, Lofego & Ochoa sp. n. Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

Diagnosis.

Females of the new species are most similar to those of Daidalotarsonemus jamesbakeri Smiley (1969) and Daidalotarsonemus folisetae Lofego & Ochoa ( Lofego et al. 2005), because of the irregular ornamentation pattern on the prodorsum and the similar shape of the setae e. However, Daidalotarsonemus oliveirai sp. n. has the tergite C with a W-shaped reticulate pattern in central area and longitudinal, wavy interrupted ridges laterally, whereas in Daidalotarsonemus jamesbakeri and Daidalotarsonemus folisetae the reticulation is uniform on all tergites, with longitudinal continuous ridges. The shape of setae e is also different among the three species, being cordate in Daidalotarsonemus oliveirai , acicular in Daidalotarsonemus jamesbakeri , and phylliform in Daidalotarsonemus folisetae . Males are similar to Daidalotarsonemus deleoni Smiley (1967), by the shape and length of almost all dorsal setae, except the setae sc1. In Daidalotarsonemus oliveirai , the relative length of the setae sc1/sc2 is 1:0.6, whereas in Daidalotarsonemus deleoni is 1:0.3.

Adult female

(6 specimens measured). Gnathosoma (Figs 3 and 6): partially covered by the prodorsum. Subtriangular in ventral view, length 24 (23-26), maximum width 21 (19-23); dorsal apodeme distinct. Setae dgs 9 (8-10) and vgs 6 (6) smooth; palps moderately long 9 (8-11), with two small subterminal setae and terminal projections. Pharynx fusiform, 19 (18-23) long and 6 (5-7) wide at maximum width. Gnathosoma, idiosoma and legs covered with tiny dimples, each around 0.3 (0.2-0.5) in diameter.

Idiosoma - dorsum (Figs 1-2): length 179 (170-188), width at level of c 1 82 (75-90); prodorsal shield with irregular ornamentation covers the gnathosoma. Entire dorsum covered with cerotegument (Fig. 2C). Stigma located near lateral notch of prodorsal shield, which is equidistant to the v1 and sc2 setal bases. Tergite C with a W-shaped reticulate pattern in central area and longitudinal, wavy uninterupted ridges laterally; tergite D ornamented with regular sculpturing. Lengths of the setae: v1 23 (22-25), sc1 11 (10-12) (Fig. 7C), sc2 28, c1 11 (10-12), c2 11 (10-12), d 33 (31-35), e 15 (15-16), f 24 (23-25) and h 24 (24-25). Maximum width of expanded setae: d 6 (5-7), e 15 (14-16) and f 7 (7-8). All dorsal setae serrate, except for c2 smooth. Bothridial setae sc1 capitate, with tiny spines. Setae v1, sc2, c1, c2 and h setiform; setae d, e and f inserted on tubercles (Fig. 7D-E). Setae d linear and e cordate, both with a central serrate vein; f lanceolate, with two serrate veins. Distances between dorsal setae: v1-v1 25 (24-27), sc2-sc2 46 (44-48), v1-sc2 23 (23-24), c1-c1 50 (49-53), c2-c2 82 (76-88), c1-c2 27, d–d 44 (40-48), f–f 10, e–f 12 (11-13) and h–h 16 (14-17). Seta sc2 inserted anteriorly to sc1. Dorsal cupules not easily seen.

Idiosoma - venter (Figs 3-4): setae 1a 6 (6-7), posteriad of apodemes 1; 2a 9 (9), posterolaterad of apodemes 2; 3a 14 (13-15) near anteriomedial margins of apodemes 3; 3b 11 (11-12) on posterior margins of apodemes 4. Apodeme 1 conspicuous, fused to anterior end of prosternal apodeme. Apodeme 2 long and fused to the prosternal apodeme. Prosternal apodeme conspicuous from junction with apodeme 1 to the middle portion of sejugal apodeme. Sejugal apodeme uninterrupted, with a single median indentation. Apodeme 3 with a constriction near the anterior end, extending diagonally from proximity of base of seta 3a to anterior margin of trochanter III; apodeme 4 extending diagonally from the middle of the poststernal apodeme to base of seta 3b. Poststernal apodeme bifurcated anteriorly. Tegula wide 12 (11-13) and very short, 4 (4-5) (Fig. 7F); posterior margin slightly arched. Seta ps 12 (11-13) serrate. Ventral surface covered with tiny dimples (Fig. 7F).

Legs (Fig. 5): lengths (measured from femur to tarsus): leg I 40 (39-42), leg II 37 (35-40), leg III 79 (78-80). Number of setae (solenidia in parentheses) on femur, genu, tibia and tarsus, respectively: leg I: 3-4-5(2)-7(1), leg II: 3-3-4-4(1), leg III: 1+2-4-4. Claws medium-sized (not reduced) and hooked. Empodia of the legs I, II and III about the same size or slightly smaller compared to the respective basal stalks. Tarsal solenidion ω of tibiotarsus I 6 (5-7), stout, wider medially. Sensory cluster of tibia I complete (Fig. 7A), solenidion φ 1 3 (3-4), slender, capitate; solenidion φ 2 4, robust, slightly capitate; famulus k 6; all inserted at approximately the same level. Seta d of tibia I 18 (18-19), serrate. Solenidion ω of tarsus II proximally inserted, 4 long, stout, wider medially (Fig. 7B). Seta d of tibia II 13 (13-14), serrate. Femorogenu IV 11 (14-15); tibiotarsus IV 8. Length of leg IV setae: v’ F 9, v’ G 11, v´ Ti 19 and tc" 24 (23-27); setae v’ Ti and tc" serrate; v’ Ti falcate.

Adult male

(3 specimens measured). Gnathosoma (Figs 10, 13 and 14A): subtriangular in ventral view, length 22 (21-23), maximum width 20 (19-20); dorsal apodeme distinct. Setae dgs 11 (10-12) and vgs 7 (7) smooth; Palps moderately long 9 (8-10), with 2 small subterminal setae and terminal projections. Pharynx fusiform, 15 (14-17) long and 7 (6-8) wide at widest region. Gnathosoma, idiosoma and legs covered with tiny dimples, each 0.3 (0.2-0.5) in diameter.

Idiosoma - dorsum (Figs 8-9): length 174 (170-178), maximum width 82 (80-84). Prodorsal shield trapezoidal. Length of dorsal setae: v1 30 (29-31), v2 24 (22-25), sc1 38 (37-40), sc2 24 (22-25), c1 21 (20-22), c2 26 (24-29), d 32 (30-34), f 14 (13-16). All setae setiform and serrate. Distances between dorsal setae: v1-v1 13 (12-14), sc1-sc1 34 (32-35), sc2-sc2 44 (43-46), v1-sc2 26 (25-27), c1-c1 75 (74-77), c2-c2 78 (76-80), c1-c2 44 (43-47), d–d 45 (44-47), f–f 22 (20-23). Seta sc2 laterad and slightly posterior to sc1; seta c1 closer to d than to c2, anterolateral to the latter.

Idiosoma - venter (Figs 10-11): setae 1a 6 (5-6) posteriad of apodemes 1; setae 2a 7 (7-8) located in the center of coxisternal plate 2; seta 3a 12 (11-13) located near anterior end of apodeme 3; and seta 3b 12 (10-14) located near middle of apodeme 4. Apodeme 1 fused to anterior end of prosternal apodeme; apodeme 2 not fused to prosternal apodeme. Prosternal apodeme conspicuous between coxisternal plates I but thin between coxisternal plates II, extending close to sejugal apodeme. Sejugal apodeme conspicuous. Lines of fusion between coxae III and IV with venter of idiosoma mostly conspicuous (apodemes 3 and 4, poststernal apodeme and connecting apodeme between apodemes 3 and 4); connecting apodemes between apodemes 4 and poststernal diffuse.

Legs (Fig. 12): lengths (measured from femur to tarsus): leg I 63 (62-65), leg II 59 (57-61), leg III 81 (79-83), leg IV 83 (81-84). Number of the setae (solenidia in parentheses) on femur, genu, tibia and tarsus, respectively: leg I: 4-4-6(2)-9(1), leg II: 3-3-4-4(1), leg III: 1-3-4-3. Claws medium-sized (not reduced) and hooked. Empodia of the legs I, II and III about the same size or slightly smaller compared to the respective basal stalks. Solenidion ω of tarsus I 4 (3-5), stout, wider medially. Sensory cluster of tibia I composed of φ 1 3 (3), φ 2 4 (4-5) and famulus k 4 (4), all inserted at approximately same level (Fig. 14B). Seta d of tibia I 27 (26-30), serrate. Solenidion ω of tarsus II proximally inserted 4 (4-5) long, stout, wider medially (Fig. 14C). Seta d of tibia II 23 (21-24), serrate. Trochanter IV slightly wider than long, seta v’ 13 (12-14), smooth. Femorogenu IV 41 (40-43) long and 17 (16-19) wide at v’ F level; anterior margin convex, posterior margin slightly convex at proximal third, with a serrate-like projection between these margins. Seta v’ F 9 (8-10), serrate. Setae v’ G 17 (16-18) and l" G 12 (11-13), smooth. Tibia IV 24 (22-26) long; solenidion φ 7 (6-8); seta v’ Ti 28 (27-31), serrate. Tarsus IV short, bearing 3 smooth setae of the following length: tc" 4 (4-5), pv" 6 (5-7) and u’ 5 (4-6). Claw well developed (Fig. 14D).

Type material.

Holotype female, allotype male, 6 paratype females and 2 paratype males from Theobroma cacao L., 1 paratype female from Annona muricata L. and 2 paratype females from Spondias purpurea L., 14°47'45"S; 39°10'18"W, Ilhéus, State of Bahia, Brazil, 10/IX/2012, A.C. Lofego and J.M. Rezende. Holotype, allotype, 7 paratype females and 2 paratype males are deposited at DZSJRP and 2 paratype females are deposited at USNM.

Etymology.

The species name oliveirai is in honor of Dr. Anibal Ramadan Oliveira (UESC - Universidade Estadual Santa Cruz from Ilhéus-BA) for his contribution to study of mites and for all his support during the samplings in the region.