Ascalaphinae, Lefebvre, 1842

Hassan, Muhammad Asghar & Liu, Xingyue, 2021, Taxonomic notes on owlflies from Pakistan (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae Ascalaphinae), Zootaxa 4970 (3), pp. 401-452 : 402-403

Key to the genera of owlflies (subfamily Ascalaphinae ) from Pakistan

2. Anal area of forewing with distinct triangular projection ( Fig. 8 )................................................ 3

_. Anal area of forewing without distinct triangular projection ( Fig. 1A )............................................ 4

3. Pterostigma wider than long ( Figs 9C–D ); wings broadest at middle ( Fig. 8 )..................... Glyptobasis McLachlan

_. Pterostigma longer than wide ( Figs 11E–H ); wings narrow, not broadest at middle ( Figs 10A–B ).......... Nousera Navás

4. Basal flagellomeres in male with distinct lateral spines ( Fig. 1G ); larger species, forewing c. 45 mm ..... Acheron Lefèbvre

_. Basal flagellomeres in male without distinct lateral spines; generally smaller species with forewing length usually less than 40 mm ................................................................................................ 5

5. Apical area beyond Sc+R with three rows of cells ( van der Weele 1909: fig. 184; Ábrahám 2008b: fig. 7).................................................................................................... Ascalohybris Sziráki

_. Apical area beyond Sc+R with two rows of cells ( Figs 14A–C )................................................ .. 6

6. Male with long or short ectoprocts, without median branch ( Figs 17A–B , 21C )..................................... 7

_. Male with long ectoprocts, with a long median branch ( Yang et al. 2016: figs 10–13).............................. .. 11

7. Male with short ectoprocts, not longer than the last two abdominal segments taken togehter ( Fig. 21C )................. .. 8

_. Male with long ectoprocts, longer than the last two abdominal segments taken together, extended ventrad in lateral view, cylindrical, rounded at distal margin ( Fig. 18C )............................................... Ogcogaster Westwood

8. Antennae as long as distance between base of forewing to pterostigma; male tergum 3 with distal process ( Mészáros & Ábrahám 2005: figs 1–2, 5)................................................................... Stylascalaphus (Sziráki)

_. Antennae shorter than distance between base of forewing to pterostigma ( Figs 19A–B ); male tergum 3 without distal process. ................................................................................................... 9

9. Pterostigma longer than wide.......................................................................... .. 10

_. Pterostigma short, about as long as wide................................................... Suhpalacsa Lefèbvre

10. Body mainly dark brown; male abdomen longer than hind wing ( Fig.19A )................ .. Suphalomitus van der Weele

_. Body mainly brownish yellow; abdomen in both male and female shorter than hind wing ( Figs 4A–C , 5A–C )............................................................................................... Ascalaphus Fabricius

11. Wings hyaline, without brownish marking ( Yang et al. 2016: figs 10–13).......................... Bubopsis McLachlan

_. Wings hyaline, except hind wing with brownish spot below pterostigma ( Rodríguez-Flores et al. 2017: figs 1A–B)........................................................................................ Deleproctophylla Lefèbvre

12. Tibial spurs as long as Ta1–Ta4; male tergum 3 with distal process; wing membrane dark brown or hyaline with dark markings; apical area beyond Sc+R with some forked longitudinal veins ( Ábrahám & Mészáros 2002: figs 8–11).............................................................................................. Ptyngidricerus van der Weele

_. Tibial spurs as long as Ta1–Ta2 or Ta1–Ta3; male tergum 3 without distal process; wing membrane hyaline or dark brown to yellowish brown specklings; apical area beyond Sc+R with two or three rows of cells.............................. .. 13

13. Tibial spurs as long as Ta1–Ta3; forewing with anal angle distinctly produced to a triangular projection; pterostigma yellow; cubital area with 8–11 rows of cells medially in forewing and 7–8 in hind wing ( Needham 1909: fig. 1)...................................................................................................... Abronius Needham

_. Tibial spurs as long as Ta1–Ta2 or Ta1–Ta3; forewing with anal angle weakly or distinctly produced to a triangular projection; pterostigma pale yellow to dark brown; cubital area with less than seven rows of cells in both fore- and hind wing...... .. 14

14. Apical area beyond Sc+R with two rows of cells ( Figs 23C–D )................................. Idricerus McLachlan

_. Apical area beyond Sc+R with three rows of cells ( Zhang et al. 2015: figs 11, 14)............. Protidricerus van der Weele

Figures

FIGURE 1. Acheron longus (Walker). Male. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head and thorax, dorsal view; C. Antenna; D. Lateral habitus; E–F. Pterostigma of right fore- and hind wing; G. Proximal region of antennae; H. Head, anterior view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (A, D); 2.0 mm (B); 1.0 mm (H).

FIGURE 4. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A–C. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 5. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Female. A–C. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 8. Glyptobasis dentifera (Westwood). Female, habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 9. Glyptobasis dentifera (Westwood). Female. A. Head and thorax, dorsal view; B. Lateral view; C–D. Pterostigma of right fore- and hind wing; E. Antenna; F. Head, anterior view; G. Female genitalia, lateral view; H. Same, ventral view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (B); 2.0 mm (A); 1.0 mm (G–H); 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 10. Nousera gibba Navás. Female. A–B. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 11. Nousera gibba Navás. Female. A. Head and thorax, dorsal view; B. Antenna. C. Proximal margin of abdomen, dorsal view; D. Lateral view; E–F. Pterostigma of female right fore and hind wing; G–H. Same, male; I. Head, anterior view; J. Female genitalia, lateral view; K. Same, ventral view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (D); 2.0 mm (A); 1.0 mm (I); 0.5 mm (J–K).

FIGURE 14. Ogcogaster tessellata (Westwood). Male. A–C. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 17. Ogcogaster tessellata (Westwood). Dorsal view of abdomen.A–B. Male; C. Same, female. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 18. Ogcogaster tessellata (Westwood). A. Female genitalia, lateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Male genitalia, lateral view; D. Same, ventral view; E–G. Gonarcus, parameres and pulvinus: E. Dorsal view; F. Same, ventral view; G. Same, lateral view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 19. Suphalomitus brevis Kimmins. A. Male habitus; B. Female habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 21. Suphalomitus brevis Kimmins. A. Female genitalia, lateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Male genitalia, lateral view; D. Same, ventral view; E–G. Gonarcus, parameres and pulvinus: E. Dorsal view; F. Same, ventral view; G. Same, lateral view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 23. Idricerus decrepitus (Walker). Male.A. Head and thorax, dorsal view; B. Lateral view. C–D. Pterostigma of right fore- and hind wing; E. Antenna. F. Head, anterior view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (B); 2.0 mm (A); 1.0 mm (F).