Carposina longignathosa

Matthew J. Medeiros, Griffin L. Bianchi, Laurel R. Taschetta & Peter T. Oboyski, 2016, A review of Polynesian Carposina Herrich-Schäffer (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae), with descriptions of four new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 177, pp. 135-146 : 140

CARPOSINA LONGIGNATHOSA sP. nOV., MEDEIROS & OBOYSKI ( FIGS 2 B, 3B, 4B)

Holotype: French Polynesia: Society Islands: Moorea: Mt Rotui, ridge trail, 822 m, S17.50740 W149.84012. 5.ix.2008. ♂. PT Oboyski. PTO-719.35. EMEC.

Paratypes: French Polynesia: Society Islands: Moorea: Mt Rotui, ∼ 800 m. 19.x.2002. 2♂, 1♀. PT Oboyski. Mt Rotui, ridge trail, 822 m, S17.50740 W149.84012. 5.ix.2008. 7♂ (slides PTO-719.70♂ & PTO-719.71♂). PT Oboyski. Mt Tohiea, trail, 840 m, S17.55352 W149.81747. 26.ix.2009. 1♂. PT Oboyski. Mt Tohiea, trail, 940 m, S17.55337 W149.81680. 2♀ (slide PTO- 918.80). PT Oboyski. BMNH; BPBM; EMEC; UHIM.

Localities of additional material examined (not part of the type series): French Polynesia: Society Islands: Raiatea: Temehani Rahi, 465 m, UVL, 7.vii.2015, PT Oboyski. Temehani Rahi, 740 m, UVL, 6.vii.2015, PT Oboyski. Tahiti: Matofefe captage, 550 m, UVL, 27.vi.2015, PT Oboyski. Matofefe ridge, 650 m, UVL, 26.vi.2015, PT Oboyski. Mt Aorai, 1425m, UVL, 22.VI.2015, PT Oboyski. Temaruata ridge, 805 m, UVL, 20.vi.2015, PT Oboyski. Temaruata ridge, 1130 m, UVL, 19.vi.2015, PT Oboyski. BMNH; BPBM; EMEC; UHIM.

Diagnosis: Although this species has a wing pattern similar to that of C. apousia Clarke , from Rapa, the male genitalia of C. longignathosa are distinctive: the gnathos arms are very long, noticeably longer than that of any other known Carposina ( Fig. 3 B).

Description (N = 15) ( Fig. 2 B): Wing expanse 11– 14 mm. Head light cream colour. Haustellum unscaled. Labial palpus longer than width of eye in male, nearly 2× width of eye in female, dark brown near base of second segment, transitioning to cream colour back to brown by apex of third segment. Antennae of male with long, fine cilia underneath. Thorax, tegula and abdomen light brown to brown. Foreleg nearly black. Midleg dark brown with tufts of lighter scales near joints, spurs present. Hindleg entirely very light brown, spurs present. Forewing ground colour very light brown; orange to dark brown to black basal band, and somewhat broken ante- and postmedial bands present; these ante- and postmedial bands associated with clusters of raised scales; several brown spots present along costal and terminal margins; fringe minimal. Hindwing and fringe uniformly light pale brown.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 3 B): Valvae large, broad, tapering to rounded apex. Uncus apparently absent. Process of sacculus long, projecting sharply caudal. Saccus broadly U-shaped with small central lobe. Gnathos arms thick, broad, projecting cephalad. Aedeagus long, slender, widened distally, cornuti present just below apex.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 4 B): Papillae anales short. Apophyses thin and straight; posterior apophyses relatively long, approximately 1.5× length of anterior apophyses, the posterior apophyses approximately length of ductus bursae. Corpus bursae oval, about 0.5× length of ductus bursae; signum absent.

Distribution: This species has been collected on Tahiti (550-1425 m), Moorea (800-940 m), and Raiatea (465– 740 m), Society Islands, French Polynesia. Sympatric with C. brevinotata sp. nov.

Remarks: The genitalia of this species are similar to those of Zimmerman’s ‘new species 5’ (Zimmerman, 1978, p. 832), probably the result of convergence and not close phylogenetic relationship. While the wing pattern and female genitalia are reminiscent of C. apousia Clarke , from Rapa (no male was included in Clarke’s description), this species has a significantly longer wing expanse. Larval biology and host plant unknown.

Etymology: Males of this species have an unusually long pair of gnathos.

Figures

Figure 2. Adult Carposina (specimen codes in parentheses). A, C. brevinotata sp. nov. (PTO 904 - 61). B, C. longignathosa sp. nov. (PTO 918 - 80). C, C. gagneorum sp. nov. (LB 60). D, C. urbanae sp. nov. (14 A 94). E, C. new species 11 (LB 36). F, C. olivaceonitens with nearly white forewing ground colour (12 A 22). G, C. olivaceonitens with green forewing ground colour (LA 98).

Figure 3. Genitalia of Carposina, males (specimen codes in parentheses). Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm. A, C. brevinotata sp. nov. (PTO 914 - 43). B, C. longignathosa sp. nov. (PTO 719 - 70). C, C. gagneorum sp. nov. (LB 01; aedeagus in situ). D, C. urbanae sp. nov. (14 A 94). E, C. new species 11 (LB 36).

Figure 4. Genitalia of Carposina, females (specimen codes in parentheses). Scale bars indicate 1.0 mm. A, C. brevinotata sp. nov. (PTO 918 - 65). B, C. longignathosa sp. nov. (PTO 918 - 80). C, C. gagneorum sp. nov. (LB 60; note that ductus bursae is broken). D, C. urbanae sp. nov. (LB 61).