Anacampsis consonella ( Zeller, 1873 )

Harrison, Terry L. & Berenbaum, May R., 2014, Anacampsis rhoifructella (Clemens): clarification of its identity and larval biology, and differentiation from a similar species, Anacampsis consonella (Zeller), revised status (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Zootaxa 3794 (4), pp. 545-555 : 553-554

Anacampsis consonella ( Zeller, 1873) , revised status and redescription

Gelechia consonella Zeller 1873: 251

Gelechia quadrimaculella Chambers 1874: 237 , new synonymy Gelechia ochreocostella Chambers 1878a: 91 , new synonymy

Diagnosis. See comments under A. rhoifructella , regarding diagnosis based on external appearance of adults. Other diagnostic characters that differentiate the two species are presented in Table 1 .

Adult ( Fig. 2 A). External appearance as in A. rhoifructella , except for differences in forewing coloration as noted in diagnosis of that species. Male genitalia ( Fig. 6 ). Valva a straight simple lobe, broadening rather abruptly near base, then nearly uniform in width to apex; vinculum symmetrical, anterior part forming a single slightly curved line in lateral aspect, symmetrically V-shaped, left and right margins each with narrow ventral keel in posterior half; juxta with rounded, symmetrical posterior margin; gnathos a transverse band with large, rounded medial lobe; phallus broad with truncate apex, straight in ventral view ( Fig. 6 G). Female genitalia ( Fig. 8 ). Papillae anales membranous, with setae of varying length; posterior apophysis slender, rodlike; anterior apophysis broadly triangular at base, narrowing to become rodlike; posterior margin of tergite 8 a narrow transverse band with large, rounded independent medial lobe; ostium bursae in transverse invagination, indistinct, with dense scales on either side; ductus bursae membranous, slender, bulbously enlarged at base; corpus bursae membranous, ovate, its surface foveolate, densely covered with short microtrichia except in area of signum; signum a transverse band with one large and two or more small thornlike projections on posterior margin; ductus seminalis originating near signum at anterior margin of unspined area of corpus; appendix bursae small, membranous.

Final-instar larva ( Fig. 2 B). Length, 11 mm; color dull green; head orange brown; prothoracic shield blackish brown, sometimes with anterior margin yellowish brown; pinacula of most primary setae black, large and conspicuous. Chaetotaxy as in A. rhoifructella ( Fig. 3 ).

Pupa. No consistent differences were found with that of A. rhoifructella ( Fig. 4 ).

Larval damage ( Fig. 2 C). As described for A. rhoifructella .

Phenology. Univoltine, overwintering as adult. Larvae have been collected in central Illinois from 13 May to 7 June, with adult emergence occurring from 30 May to 21 June.

Food plants. Apparently monophagous on Viburnum prunifolium in central Illinois. Also reared by Ilona Loser in Dane County, Wisconsin, from Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (Linnaeus) Torrey & A. Gray. In Ontario, Canada, A consonella has been reared from Viburnum lentago Linnaeus (J.-F. Landry, in litt.).

Distribution. Type locality, Missouri; known to occur in Texas, Illinois and Wisconsin; also, descriptions by Kearfott (1904) and Wild (1942) of “ rhoifructella ” larvae collected on Viburnum in New Jersey and New York, respectively, diagnose A. consonella . In Canada, A. consonella has been confirmed from Ontario and Quebec (J.-F. Landry, in litt.).

Material examined. Missouri: lectotype of Gelechia consonella , BMNH specimen BMNH (E)#1055486; abdomen missing, otherwise in good condition; labels: (1) “ Gelechia (Tachyptilia) consonella Z. Missouri: Rly. 69”; (2) “ TYPE ”; (3) “ Lectotypus m# Gelechia consonella Z. Select. : K. Sattler, 1961” (4) “241” (5) “‘ Gel. populellae proxima ’ Z. Missouri Riley lit. 10/69” (6) “Zeller Coll. Walsingham Collection. 1910–247.” (7) “LECTO-TYPE” (8) “Abdomen missing”; Texas: lectotype of Gelechia quadrimaculella , designated by R. W. Hodges ( Miller and Hodges 1990: 65): MCZ type # MCZT _1436; abdomen missing, otherwise in good condition; label information given by Miller and Hodges (1990: 65). Type specimen of Gelechia ochreocostella ( MCZ type # MCZT _1455); specimen intact and in good condition; labels: (1) “ Type 1455”; (2) “Tex.”; (3) [illegible ink run]; (4) “101”; (5) “ ochreocostell [truncated] Chb”; (6) “ Anacampsis consonella (Zeller) Det. T. Harrison, 2014 ”; genitalia in glycerin in vial on separate pin beside specimen in tray; labels: (1) “Genitalia of type MCZT _1455 Gelechia ochreocostella Chambers Dissected T. Harrison, 2013 ”; (2) “ Anacampsis consonella (Zeller) Det. T. Harrison, 2014 ”; Illinois, reared on Viburnum prunifolium: Charleston Lake View Park : (1) 22-V-1991, em. 30-V- 1991; (2) 13-V-1991, em. 30-V/ 1-VI-1991; (2) 23-V-1992, em. 10/ 11-VI-1992; 7 miles south of Charleston: (1) 20- V-1992, em. 14-VI-1992; Piatt County, Robert Allerton Park: (7) 7-VI-1997, em. 15/ 21-VI-1997.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Larva, Anacampsis rhoifructella. A, head, frontal and left-lateral aspects; B, right mandible, medial aspect; C-H, chaetotaxy of body segments, left-lateral aspect, all at same scale; C, T 1; D, T 2 - 3; E, A 1, 2, 7, 8, showing differences in the association of seta SD 1 with the spiracle; F, A 3 - 6; G, A 9; H, A 10.

FIGURE 4. Pupa, Anacampsis rhoifructella. A, dorsal and ventral aspects; B, short, dense, hairlike vestiture of entire surface of pupa; C, texture of cuticle, as seen at junctions of abdominal segments 4 / 5, 5 / 6, and 6 / 7.

FIGURES 1 – 2. 1, Anacampsis rhoifructella, and 2, A. consonella. A, adults, reared from Viburnum prunifolium, Illinois; B, larvae; C, larval feeding evidence; A rhoifructella on Viburnum prunifolium, Illinois, A. consonella on V. nudum var. crassinoides, Wisconsin. Photos in Figs. 2 B and 2 C by Ilona Loser; used with permission.

FIGURES 5 – 6. Male genitalia. 5, Anacampsis rhoifructella; 6, Anacampsis consonella. Each structure shown at same scale in Figure 6 as in Figure 5; A, B, D and F, left lateral aspect; C, E and G, ventral aspect. A, intact genitalia; B and C, valvae, vinculum and juxta (left valva removed in lateral aspect of A. rhoifructella); D and E, tegumen, gnathos and socii; F and G, phallus.

FIGURES 7 – 8. Female genitalia. 7, Anacampsis rhoifructella; 8, Anacampsis consonella. Each structure at same scale in Fig. 8 as in Fig. 7; B – E at same scale. A, overview, ventral aspect; B and C, segments 7 and 8, left lateral and dorsal aspects, respectively, showing posterior margin of tergite 8; D, base of ductus bursae (sternite 7 reflected caudad; scale patches removed in A. consonella); E, corpus bursae, left lateral aspect; F, detail of texture and microtrichia of wall of corpus bursae; G, signum.