Pherusa neopapillata Hartman, 1961

Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., 2014, Revision of Pherusa Oken, 1807 (Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae), Zootaxa 3886 (1), pp. 1-61 : 27-29

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3886.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6ADD860C-D60C-448D-BC11-19EDB74013EE

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4952632

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7A4987D3-325C-FF86-FF37-FDEB2BC6FDF2

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Pherusa neopapillata Hartman, 1961
status

 

Pherusa neopapillata Hartman, 1961 View in CoL

Figure 9 View FIGURE 9

Pherusa neopapillata Hartman 1961:121–122 View in CoL , Pl. 25, Figs 1–2 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 , Pl. 26, Figs 1–7 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 , 1969:301–302, Figs 1–5 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 .— Blake, 2000:17–18, Fig. 1.7 View FIGURE 1 .

Type material. Northeastern Pacific Ocean, California. Holotype ( LACM 531 About LACM ) and paratypes ( LACM 532 About LACM ), off south side of San Nicolas Island , California, RV Velero IV, Sta. 1205 (33°12'45" N, 119°29'15" W à 33°12'40" N, 119°29'40" W), 37–42 m, 24 Nov. 1940 (paratypes 8 anterior fragments and 7 medial or posterior fragments; larger anterior fragment partly dehydrated, cylindrical, posteriorly tapered). GoogleMaps

Additional material. USA, Alaska. One specimen ( CAS 162028 ), Marine Taxonomic Services, Sta. GB 1, 15 Oct. 1995, no further data (36 mm long, 5 mm wide, cephalic cage 13 mm long, 36 chaetigers) . California. Many specimens ( LACM 4943 About LACM ), RV Velero IV, Sta. 5541 (33º43'12" N, 118º20'45" W), 22 m, coarse black sand, 19 Dec. 1957 (complete ones 10.0– 23.5 mm long, 1.0– 2.5 mm wide, cephalic cage 3.5–5.0 mm long, 49–92 chaetigers) GoogleMaps .

Western Mexico. One specimen ( LACM 4940 About LACM ), broken in two, RV Velero III, Sta. 1260 (27º49'32" N, 115º06'40" W à 27º54'15" N, 115º07'00" W), Dewey Channel, opposite San Eugenio Point, 38–44 m, coralline rocks, 27 Feb. 1941 (16 mm long, 2 mm wide, cephalic cage 4 mm long, 37 chaetigers) GoogleMaps .

Description. Holotype (LACM 531) damaged; 31 mm long, 3.3 mm wide, cephalic cage 5 mm long, 25 chaetigers ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ). Body papillae filiform, capitate, thick, carrying sand grains dorsally along anterior chaetigers ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ), and finer sediment grains in medial (and posterior chaetigers). Papillae few on anterior chaetigers, larger, becoming shorter and more abundant on medial chaetigers, and arranged in up to 10 transverse series per segment.

Cephalic hood not exposed. Prostomium low cone; eyes and caruncle not seen (CAS 162028) with four large black eyes; caruncle short triangular. Palps thick, contracted; palp keels low, rounded; lips distorted by contraction.

Branchiae cirriform, arranged as two concentric rows, 4 filaments in a continuous row, and other four filaments separated into two lateral groups, each with two filaments, all of about the same length and width, longer than palps. Nephridial lobes not seen; one specimen (CAS 162028) with nephridial lobes rising from inner side of anterior row inner branchiae, basally widened, tapered distally.

Cephalic cage chaetae about twice as long as body width. Chaetigers 1–3 forming cephalic cage, chaetae decreasing in size from first chaetiger; arranged in short lateral series, about 6–8 per fascicle (damaged).

Anterior dorsal margin of first chaetiger with a medial lobe, with distal papillae. Anterior chaetigers with longer papillae dorsally, not associated with notopodial lobes. Chaetigers 1–3 of about the same length. Chaetal transition from cephalic cage to body chaetae abrupt; anchylosed, falcate blunt neurohooks from chaetiger 4. Gonopodial lobes reduced to oval smooth areas in chaetigers 5–6.

Parapodia poorly developed; chaetae emerge from body wall. Parapodia lateral; medial neuropodia ventrolateral. Notopodia and neuropodia without long papillae; close to each other.

Medial notochaetae arranged in transverse series; all multiarticulated capillaries (as in a fan), articles short basally, long medially and distally ( Fig. 9C View FIGURE 9 ), about 6–8 per fascicle, as long as ¼ body width. Neurochaetae multiarticulated capillaries in chaetigers 1–3; neurohooks from chaetiger 4, arranged in transverse series, falcate anteriorly ( Fig. 9D View FIGURE 9 ), more straight posteriorly ( Fig. 9E View FIGURE 9 ), 4 hooks per fascicle to the end of the fragment.

Posterior end (observed in non-type specimens) tapered into a blunt cone, anus terminal, without anal cirri. Variation. Specimens showed a large variation in several morphological features as follows.

Some specimens had reddish chaetae whereas type lot and other specimens have paler or straw-colour chaetae. On the other hand, even the smaller paratype (1 mm body width, cephalic cage 2 mm long), had simple falcate neurohooks in chaetiger 4. A posterior fragment with 27 chaetigers has 3 neurohooks per fascicle.

Remarks. Pherusa neopapillata Hartman, 1961 belongs in the group of species with sand particles on their dorsal body papillae; this group includes P. andersonorum n. sp., P. aspera ( Stimpson, 1854) , Pherusa incrustata Quatrefages, 1866 , reinstated, and P. obscura Quatrefages, 1849 reinst. As stated above, P. andersonorum n.sp. and P. aspera have sediment particles throughout the body instead of having them restricted to anterior or to anterior to medial segments. Pherusa neopapillata is most similar to P. incrustata because they both have 7–10 transverse rows of papillae per segment, but they differ in the abundance of cephalic cage chaetae and on the extension of sand particles along the body. In P. neopapillata the cephalic cage has 6–8 chaetae per fascicle, and sand particles are restricted to anterior segments, whereas in P. incrustata cephalic cage chaetae are more abundant (10–14 notochaetae, 6–8 neurochaetae per bundle), and there are sand particles in papillae of anterior and medial segments.

The original description included illustrations of larger, complete specimens (40–45 mm long, 43–45 chaetigers) but they were not found. Later works on Californian flabelligerids mix names with specific features; P. neopapillata is the species regarded as having many abundant, short papillae, and P. papillata is the one with larger, less abundant papillae. These features, in fact, correspond to the other species as shown by the revision of the type material. The difference in branchial numbers previously indicated by Hartman (1961) cannot be confirmed; perhaps due to the poor state of the paratypes. The specimen from Alaska (CAS 162028) have sand particles or each papilla forms a large tubercle with fine sediment; these features are not observed in the Californian specimens, perhaps due to their preservation conditions.

Distribution. Alaska to Southern California, in subtidal shallow depths (22–44 m depth).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Annelida

Class

Polychaeta

Order

Terebellida

Family

Flabelligeridae

Genus

Pherusa

Loc

Pherusa neopapillata Hartman, 1961

Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. 2014
2014
Loc

Pherusa neopapillata

Blake, J. A. 2000: 17
Hartman, O. 1961: 122
1961
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