Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) apollo Sendra, Giachino & Vailati, 2020

Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Kovac, L'ubomír, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 591, pp. 1-138 : 25-26

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) apollo Sendra, Giachino & Vailati sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6B496C95-E094-4688-BE14-60BDDE1105C8

Figs 9–11 ; Table 2

Etymology

The specific name ʻapolloʼ is proposed since the Parnassos Mountain, its type locality, is the home of the divinity ʻApolloʼ.

Material examined

Holotype

GREECE • 1 ♀; Viotìa, O. Parnassós, crevices; 1660 m a.s.l.; 20 Jun. 2004 – 9 Jun. 2005; Pier Mauro Giachino and Dante Vailati leg.; MSS habitat; pitfall trap; MZB 2019-1032 .

Paratypes

GREECE • 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; Coll. AS • 9 ♂♂, 18 ♀♀; Fokída, Ori Vardoússia; 1575 m a.s.l.; 10 Jun. 2005 – 8 Jun. 2006; Pier Mauro Giachino and Dante Vailati leg.; MSS habitat; pitfall trap; Coll. AS .

Description

BODY. Body length 4.5 to 6.1 mm (females) and 5.0 to 6.4 mm (males). Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope; body with thin, middle-sized clothing, covered or not by a few thin barbs.

HEAD. Two intact antennae in a 5.6 mm long female paratype with 28 antennomeres and a 5.1 mm long female paratype with 32 antennomeres, in both shorter than body length ( Table 2 ). Small subcylindrical sensillum of third antennomere located in ventral position between c and d macrosetae. Central antennomeres 1.8× as long as wide, apical antennomere 2.0× as long as wide. Cupuliform organ occupying ¼ of total length of apical antennomere, with 8–9 complex olfactory chemoreceptors. Gouge sensilla 30–38 µm long, in a single distal whorl of 16–18 sensilla on each medial and distal antennomere. Frontal process plain, with non-tubercular setae and macrosetae with a few barbs along distal half; macrosetae along line of insertion of antennomere and x setae longer than other macrosetae (a/i/p/x with relative lengths of 40/48/37/ 68 in holotype). Suboval labial palps with a small, coniform lateroexternal sensillum, with two guard setae, up to 9 setae on anterior border and up to 190 neuroglandular setae.

THORAX. Thoracic macrosetal distribution ( Fig. 9 ): pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la 3,4 and 3+3 sla, 2+2 lp 2,3 (additionally, 1+1 extra s ma appear near sagittal plane); mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la 1,2,3, 2+2 lp 2,3, 1+1 mp; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 lp 2,3, 1+1 mp. All notal macrosetae long and robust, covered by thin barbs almost from their base; submacrosetae sla and sma thinner and shorter than notal macrosetae, but with same large base; marginal setae longer than clothing setae, covered by thin barbs along distal half. Legs elongated, pretarsus of metathoracic legs slightly overpassing end of abdomen ( Table 2 ). Femur I without dorsal macrosetae, but with one long, barbed ventral macroseta; femora II–III with one long, barbed dorsal and one long, barbed ventral macroseta. Tibia I with one short, barbed ventral macroseta; tibiae II–III with two short, barbed ventral macrosetae. Calcars with 2–3 rows of long barbs from base to tip, smooth on one narrow side along calcar. Dorsal and lateral subapical tarsal setae smooth. Subequal claws (posterior claw 1.1× as long as anterior one); posterior claw without backward overhang; lateral crests well developed. Pretarsal process long and setiform, reaching extremities of claws.

ABDOMEN. Distribution of abdominal macrosetae on tergites ( Fig. 10 ): 1+1 post 1 on I–III; 1+1 la, 3+3 (also 2+2, but less frequent) post 1,2,3 on IV; 1+1 la, 6+6 post 1–5 on V–VII; 8+8 post on VIII; 10+10 post on abdominal segment IX. All post urotergal macrosetae thick, long and covered by thin barbs along distal four-fifths; la urotergal macrosetae shorter than post macrosetae, covered by barbs along distal half. Urosternite I with 7+7 macrosetae; urosternites II–VII with 5+5 macrosetae; urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae; all urosternal macrosetae robust and large, covered by long barbs along distal threefourths to four-fifths. Apical, subapical and ventromedial setae with abundant long barbs.

SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERS. Male urosternite I ( Fig. 11 ) with up to 180 glandular g 1 setae arranged in up to five rows, with enlarged subcylindrical appendages each bearing up to 52 glandular a 1 setae. Female appendages slightly thinner, with up to 38 glandular a 1 setae.

Phyletic affinities, habitat and distribution

The modest subequal claws, including the posterior claw lacking a backward overhang, and the absence of lateral anterior macrosetae on the metanotum relate P. (P.) apollo sp. nov. to P. (P.) festae . Nonetheless the more abundant posterior urotergal macrosetae, with 6+6 post on urotergites IV–VII, as well as 8+8 and 10+10 post on abdominal segments VIII–IX in P. (P.) apollo sp. nov., rather than 5+5 on urotergites IV–VII, and 7+7 and 9+9 on abdominal segments VIII–IX in P. (P.) festae ( Silvestri 1933a) , separate the two species. Interestingly, the new species was collected in traps placed in MSS over the forest line (type locality) or in Abies Mill. forest (all the other sites), at altitudes from 1075 to 1660 m a.s.l. This large range of hypogean habitats also occurs in P. (P.) festae (see below).

Figures

Figs 9–11. Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) apollo Sendra, Giachino & Vailati sp. nov. 9–10. Holotype, ♀, 4.8 mm long, from Viotìa, O. Pamassós, Greece (MZB 2019-1032). 9. Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum (s = setiform sensillum). 10. Urotergites I–VII and abdominal segment IX, right side (s = setiform sensillum). 11. Paratype, ♂, 6.4 mm long, from the type locality (Coll. AS); urosternite I, left side. Scale bars: 9–10 = 30 μm; 11 = 10 μm.