Xiphydria ogasawarai Matsumura, 1927

Shinohara, Akihiko, 2019, The Xiphydria palaeanarctica group from Japan (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae), Zootaxa 4608 (3), pp. 531-542 : 533-534

Xiphydria ogasawarai Matsumura, 1927

( Figs 1 A–C; 2A, B; 3A, B; 4A)

Xiphydria ogasawarai Matsumura, 1927: 205 ; Takeuchi, 1938: 181 (part); Abe & Togashi, 1989: 559; Togashi, 1991: 172; Kajimura, 2000: 312; Naito et al., 2004: 69; Taeger et al., 2010: 120; Sundukov & Lelej, 2012: 115 (part); Takahashi & Sakurai, 2015: 31.

Xiphydria alnivora Matsumura, 1927: 206 ; Takeuchi, 1938: 181; Kono & Sugihara, 1939: 109; Watanabe, 1956: 7 (lectotype designation); Abe & Togashi, 1989: 559; Togashi, 1991: 172; Nagase, 2007: 291 (part); Taeger et al., 2010: 119; Katayama, 2017: 156. Syn. nov.

Xiphydria palaeanarctica: Watanabe, 1956: 8 (part); Kojima et al., 1962: 9. Not Semenov-Tian-Shanskij (1921).

Summary of taxonomic characters. Head capsule black, with large elongate spot on lateral vertex, spot on inner orbit lateral to torulus, and elongate mark along genal carina creamy white; lateral part of clypeus often dark amber or brown. Female: Length without ovipositor 10.5–18.0 mm. Antenna ( Fig. 3A ) black, with flagellum creamy white; usually flagellomeres 1 mostly, flagellomere 2 partly and terminal flagellomere black; sometimes flagellomere 3 and 4 also marked with black; with 13–16 (usually 14 or 15) antennomeres (n=42); pedicel 1.1–1.4 × length of flagellomere 2 (n=24). Thorax black. Legs black, sometimes partly very dark reddish brown. Abdomen black with creamy white lateral spots usually on terga 4–6, sometimes obscure spot also on tergum 3 or 7. Sawsheath length about 0.9–1.0 × basal plate length (n=23). Male: Length 6.5–12.0 mm.Antenna dark brown to black, without creamy white areas, with 13–15 antennomeres (n=21). Thorax often with yellowish spots on pronotum, cervical sclerite and mesepisternum. Leg coloration variable, pale brown to blackish brown. Abdomen black with small whitish lateral spots usually on terga 4–6, sometimes additional obscure spot on tergum 2, 3 or 8, sometimes whitish spots entirely missing; tergum 9 convex, with median longitudinal keel, triangular, nearly pointed at apex ( Fig. 3B ).

Primary types examined. ♀ (Holotype of Xiphydria ogasawarai Matsumura, 1927 , Fig. 1A ), “ Iwate, Ogasawara ” “ Type Matsumura ” “ Xiphydria ogasawarai Matsumura , Type ” “0000051226 Syst. Ent. Hokkaido Univ. Japan [ SEHU]” ( HU) . ♀ (Lectotype of Xiphydria alnivora Matsumura, 1927 , Figs 1B , 2A ), “ Sahoro , 6/15” “ X. alnivora n. sp. ” “ Type Matsumura ” “0000051224 Syst. Ent. Hokkaido Univ. Japan [ SEHU]” “ Xiphydria alnivora Matsumura , Type ” ( HU) .

Other material examined. 129♀ 36³ from Japan (56♀ 12³ from Hokkaido, 70♀ 23³ from Honshu, 2♀ 1³ from Shikoku and 1♀ from unknown locality). See Appendix for collection data .

Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku). Outside Japan, Gussakovskij (1935) included Ussurijskij kraj (Primorskij kraj) in the distribution of this species without giving collection data and Stroganova (1968) noted its occurrence in Sikhote-Alin. For the distribution of X. alnivora, Stroganova (1968) wrote “ Gussakovskij (1935) noted its presence in Primorskij kraj (Shkotovo)”, whereas Gussakovskij (1935) never mentioned this. I was not able to confirm these Russian records of X. ogasawarai by examining the specimens.

Host plants. Juglandaceae : Juglans mandshurica Maxim. var. sachalinensis (Komatsu) Kitam. , Pterocarya rhoifolia Siebold et Zucc. Sapindaceae : Acer sieboldianum Miq. , Acer palmatum Thunb. , Aesculus turbinata Blume. These hosts have been confirmed chiefly by the examined specimens (see Appendix). A long series of specimens from Sapporo are labeled “Itaya”, a Japanese name for Acer pictum Thunb. or some species of maples closely related to it. Part of these specimens was referred to by Kono & Sugihara (1939), who recorded Acer palmatum as a host plant of this woodwasp. Xiphydria ogasawarai apparently feeds on several species of Acer .

Remarks. This species can be recognized by the black malar space and legs ( Figs 1A, B , 2A, B ), small number of the antennomeres (13–16 [usually 14 or 15]) ( Fig. 3A ), and the creamy white lateral spots usually only on the terga 4–6 of the abdomen ( Fig. 1A, B ) in the female, and by the mostly black malar space and antennae ( Fig. 1C ) and the triangular, medially keeled tergum 9 of the abdomen ( Fig. 3B ) in the male.

Matsumura (1927) described Xiphydria alnivora on the basis of one female and one male from Sapporo, Hokkaido, without designating types. Watanabe (1956) designated the female with “a determination label in Matsumura’s own handwriting” (p. 6) as a lectotype and the male as an “ allolectotype ”. Although Watanabe (1956) did not mention it, the lectotype female does not agree with the original description in the number of antennomeres; the lectotype has 16 antennomeres, whereas the original description reads “Antenna 19 jointed” (p. 206). This discrepancy caused confusion, as the character was used in the key by Gussakovskij (1935) to separate X. alnivora from X. ogasawarai . According to Matsumura’s original description, X. alnivora has black legs and 19 antennomeres and occurs in Sapporo, Hokkaido. I have not found any specimens agreeing with these features in Matsumura’s collection or elsewhere. Xiphydria ogasawarai has black legs and occurs in Sapporo but has only 13–16 (usually 14 or 15) antennomeres, whereas X. nagasei has black legs and 16–20 (usually 17) antennomeres but it has been found only in central and western Honshu. Matsumura’s statement, “Antenna 19 jointed”, is most probably a lapsus. I would agree with Watanabe (1956) in treating the specimen having 16 antennomeres as the lectotype of X. alnivora and treat X. alnivora as a synonym of X. ogasawarai . The male “ allolectotype ” of X. alnivora actually belongs to X. palaeanarctica .

I have studied the female specimen from Mt. Kanmuri, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, which was recorded as X. ogasawarai by Takeuchi (1938, 1955), and found it to be X. nagasei .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Xiphydria ogasawarai (A–C), X. palaeanarctica (D–G) and X. nagasei (H, I)—A, Holotype, female; B, lectotype of Xiphydria alnivora Matsumura, female; C, Hikawa-rindo, male; D, lectotype of X. jezoensis Matsumura, female; E, Maruyama, female; F, Meakan Spa, male; G, “allolectotype” of Xiphydria alnivora Matsumura; H, Futamata, male; I, holotype, female.

FIGURE 2. Head, female, Xiphydria ogasawarai (A, B), X. palaeanarctica (C, D) and X. nagasei (E, F)—A, Lectotype of X. alnivora Matsumura; B, Yunohana; C, D, lectotype of X. jezoensis Matsumura; E, F, holotype. Left arrow in B and arrows in D, F: genal carina; right arrow in B: occipital carina (crassa).

FIGURE 3. Antenna, female (A, C, E) and tip of male abdomen, dorsal view (B, D, F)—A, Xiphydria ogasawarai, Komotsurushi-yama; B, X. ogasawarai, Hikawa-rindo; C, X. palaeanarctica, “Sahoro”; D, X. palaeanarctica, Meakan Spa; E, X. nagasei, holotype; F, X. nagasei, Futamata.