Oneirodes carlsbergi (Regan & Trewavas, 1932)

Mincarone, Michael Maia, Afonso, Gabriel Vinícius Felix, Di Dario, Fabio, Eduardo, Leandro Nolé, Frédou, Thierry, Lucena-Frédou, Flávia, Bertrand, Arnaud & Pietsch, Theodore Wells, 2021, Deep-sea anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) from off northeastern Brazil, with remarks on the ceratioids reported from the Brazilian Exclusive Economic Zone, Neotropical Ichthyology 19 (2), pp. 1-28 : 16

Oneirodes carlsbergi (Regan & Trewavas, 1932)

( Figs. 1I , 4 )

Diagnosis. Oneirodes carlsbergi differs from its congeners, except O. luetkeni , by the presence of teeth on the epibranchial of the first gill arch (vs. teeth absent). It differs from O. luetkeni , reported only from the eastern Pacific, by the number of teeth on the epibranchial of the first gill arch (1–5 vs. 6–17), number of toothed pharyngobranchials (two pairs of tooth-bearing pharyngobranchials vs. a single pair of tooth-bearing pharyngobranchials), ratio of lengths of dorsal and ventral forks of opercle (0.51–0.61 vs. 0.60–0.71), and esca with a tapering and internally pigmented anterior appendage (vs. anterior appendage without internal pigment, anterolateral appendage represented by a broad membranous flap) (Pietsch, 1974, 2009; Orr, 1991; Prokofiev, 2014a,b; Ho et al., 2016; Rajeeshkumar et al., 2017; Ho, Shao, 2019).

Geographical distribution. Oneirodes carlsbergi seems to have a circumtropical distribution between approximately 18ºN and 8ºS (Pietsch, 2009; Ho et al., 2016; Ho, Shao, 2019). One specimen recorded far from this presumably circumtropical range was collected off the Irish Atlantic slope (Pietsch, 2009). Other records in the Atlantic Ocean range from 17º49’N to 5º34’S, and include two records near the Brazilian EEZ ( ISH 660 /66, 5º34’S 26º58’W; ISH 924 /68, 3º00’S 26º16’W) (Pietsch, 1974, 2009). In the present study O. carlsbergi is reported for the first time in Brazilian waters based on two specimens collected off Pernambuco State and Rocas Atoll , between depths of 650 and 800 m ( Fig. 4 ).

Material examined. NPM 4953 , 1 , 98 mm ( Fig. 1I ) , RV Antea, sta. AB2/16, 7°36’15.0”S 33°59’30.0”W to 7°36’49.3”S 33°57’18.7”W, 680 m, 14 Apr 2017, 21:53– 22:39 h; NPM 4960 , 1 , 18.5 mm , RV Antea, sta. AB2/39, 4°52’26.9”S 34°03’32.3”W to 4°50’52.8”S 34°05’06.5”W, 650–800 m, 24 Apr 2017, 21:49–22:37 h.

Figures

FIGURE 1 | Species of the Ceratioidei reported in this study: A. Ceratias uranoscopus, NPM 5050, 76 mm SL; B. Himantolophus sp., NPM 4959, 37 mm SL; C. Melanocetus johnsonii, NPM 4970, 19 mm SL; D. Thaumatichthys sp., NPM 4985, 32 mm SL; E. Chaenophryne draco, NPM 4954, 90 mm SL; F. Chaenophryne ramifera, NPM 4955, 32 mm SL; G. Dolopichthys sp., NPM 4980, 35 mm SL; H. Oneirodes anisacanthus, NPM 4977, 30 mm SL; I. Oneirodes carlsbergi, NPM 4953, 98 mm SL; J. Caulophryne sp., NPM 3835, 6 mm SL. Scale bars = 10 mm.

FIGURE 4 | Records of the Oneirodidae in Brazilian waters: Chaenophryne draco (square), Chaenophryne ramifera (circle), Chaenophryne sp. (pentagon), Dolopichthys sp. (asterisk), Microlophichthys microlophus (upside-down triangle), Oneirodes anisacanthus (star), Oneirodes carlsbergi (triangle), Oneirodes notius (diamond), Pentherichthys atratus (cross). Full symbols represent specimens collected during the ABRACOS surveys and open symbols are records from the literature (see text). Selected Brazilian States and islands are: RN – Rio Grande do Norte, PB – Paraíba, PE – Pernambuco; ES – Espírito Santo, RS – Rio Grande do Sul; SPA – Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, FN – Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, RA – Rocas Atoll. Dashed line represents the outer limit of the Brazilian Exclusive Economic Zone.