Nezara robusta Distant, 1898

Ferrari, Augusto, Schwertner, Cristiano Feldens & Grazia, Jocelia, 2010, Review, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Nezara Amyot & Serville (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Zootaxa 2424, pp. 1-41 : 34

Nezara robusta Distant, 1898

( Fig. 2 E , 3H , 5 , 6A–B , 7K , 8K , 9K , 11O–P , 16K , 18F )

Nezara robusta Distant, 1898: 307 ; Kirkaldy, 1909: 121; Freeman, 1940: 362 Nezara congo Schouteden, 1905: 54 –55 . (syn. by Freeman, 1946) Nezara robusta var. virescens Freeman, 1940: 363

Nezara robusta var. thoracica Freeman, 1940: 363

Diagnosis. Thorax: transverse parallel lines of punctures on pronotum present ( Fig. 2 E ), shared with N. niamensis and N. immaculata ; ostiolar ruga auriculate, conspicuous. Abdomen: margins of connexivum with red band, sometimes extended along margins of corium and pronotum, shared with N. niamensis and N. immculata . Male: ventral rim of pygophore with brims reduced, not continuous at mid line, with a bifid projection ( Fig. 8K ), as in N. immaculata ; paramere trilobate, median lobe carinate ( Fig. 8K ), as in N. immaculata . Female: posterior margins with gonocoxites 8 straight; basal half of laterotergites 9 laterally concave and medially convex ( Fig. 16 K ).

Material examined: Nezara robusta Distant, 1898 Holotype female (♀ BMNH) with labels: a) Type H.T. b) robusta Dist c) Salisbury Mashonaland (S. Marshall) d) Distant Coll. 1911-383. CONGO: (Dem. Republic), Nyasaland: Kambove , Neave , 3.IV.1907, “ type ” of Nezara robusta var. thoracica Freeman ( ♀ BMNH); TANZANIA: Tanganyika, Ilonga I.A.D. Robertson , 17.X.1967 (1♀ BMNH); Lake Rukwa Area , 3700 ft., D.G. MacInnes (Kenya Nati. -Mus.Exchange) (1♀ NMNH); Kilossa, T.T., Loveridge (1♀ AMNH). MALAWI: Nyasaland, Dedza, 5300ft, Dr. G.A.K. Marshall, VIII.1929 (in Dracaena ) (13 — BMNH); Nyasaland, Zomba Plateaou , A. Loveridge, 2–12.IX.1948 (1♀ 13 — AMNH). ZIMBABWE: Umtali, Distant, 1911 (1♀ BMNH).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Dorsal view of Nezara species. A. N. capicola, B. N. orbiculata, C. N. soror, D. N. immaculata, E. N. robusta. F. N. niamensis (Scale = 5mm).

FIGURE 2. Dorsal view of Nezara species. A. N. capicola, B. N. orbiculata, C. N. soror, D. N. immaculata, E. N. robusta. F. N. niamensis (Scale = 5 mm).

FIGURE 3. A1–2. N. orbiculata, lateral view and dosal view, respectively. B. N. viridula, dorsal view of pygophore (cutted) showing detail of cup-like sclerite. C–E. Mesopleurum and metapleurum in ventral view (C—Carpocoris purpureipennis, D—N. orbiculata, E—N. mendax). F–H. parcial posterior view of pygophore (dissected) showing details of hairy region and superior processes (psbd). (F—N. yunnana, G—N. capicola, H—N. robusta) (Scale = 1 mm).

FIGURE 5. Cladistic analysis of the genus Nezara based on morphological characters. The most–parsimonious cladogram length 60 steps; consistency index 0,81; retention index 0,89. (․) non-homoplasious; (□) homoplasious. (In parentheses Bremer and Bootstrap values, respectively; Bootstrap values less than 50 omitted).

FIGURE 6. A. Distribution map of Nezara species, based on the material examined in this work (except N. viridula) (the symbols correspond to the species - terminal taxa of the cladogram of Fig. 6B); B. Cladogram of Nezara (branches with Bremer support less than two steps collapsed).

FIGURE 7. Pygophore, dorsal view A. N. viridula, B. N. antennata, C. N. yunnana, D. N. similis, E. N. mendax, F. N. naspira, G. N. capicola, H. N. orbiculata, I. N. soror, J. N. immaculata, K. N. robusta. (Scale = 1 mm)

FIGURE 8. Pygophore, posterior view A. N. viridula, B. N. antennata, C. N. yunnana, D. N. similis, E. N. mendax, F. N. naspira, G. N. capicola, H. N. orbiculata, I. N. soror, J. N. immaculata, K. N. robusta. (Scale = 1 mm)

FIGURE 9. Pygophore, ventral view A. N. viridula, B. N. antennata, C. N. yunnana, D. N. similis, E. N. mendax, F. N. naspira, G. N. capicola, H. N. orbiculata, I. N. soror, J. N. immaculata, K. N. robusta. (Scale = 1mm)

FIGURE 11. Left paramere in dorsal and lateral view respectively. A–B. N. similis, C–D. N. mendax, E–F. N. naspira, G–H. N. capicola, I–J. N. orbiculata, K–L. N. soror, M–N. N. immaculata, O–P. N. robusta. (Scale = 0,5mm)

FIGURE 16. Genital plates, posteroventral view. A. N. viridula, B. N. antennata, C. N. yunnana, D. N. similis, E. N. mendax, F. N. naspira, G. N.capicola, H. N. orbiculata, I. N. soror, J. N. immaculata, K. N. robusta. L. N. niamensis (espiracles; g8—gonapophyses 8; gc8—gonocoxites 8; gc9—gonocoxites 9; la8—laterotergites 8; la9—laterotergites 9; VII—seventh urosternite X—tenth urosternite Scale = 1mm).

FIGURE 18. Laterotergites, gonocoxites and gonapophyses of nigth segment and ectodermal ducts, ventral view A. N. naspira, B. N. capicola, C. N. orbiculata, D. N. soror, E. N. immaculata, F. N. robusta, G. N. niamensis (Scale =1mm).