Pancorius Simon, 1902

Kanesharatnam, Nilani & Benjamin, Suresh P., 2021, Phylogenetic relationships and systematics of the jumping spider genus Colopsus with the description of eight new species from Sri Lanka (Araneae: Salticidae), Journal of Natural History 54 (43 - 44), pp. 2763-2814 : 2796-2797

Genus Pancorius Simon, 1902

Type species: Ergane dentichelis Simon, 1899 .

Diagnosis

This genus is distinguishable from closely related genera Colopsus , Evarcha , Hyllus by sandy brown habitus with pale white central and lateral prosomal bands, serrated longitudinal abdominal band ( Figures 12 (e–h), Figures 18 (a,b), Figures 20 (a–g), Figures 21 (a–f), Figures 22 (a,b), Figures 23 (a–h), Figures 24 (a,b), Figures 25 (a,b)), simple palp with rounded or oval bulbus, short embolus, single RTA with pointed tip, epigyne with large central pocket, comparably small membranous window and multi-chambered spermathecae.

Description

Medium-sized spiders (6–10 mm). Sandy brown, thickset and hirsute habitus ( Zhang et al. 2003) Prosoma high ( Żabka 1990) with pale white central and lateral bands in both sexes ( Figures 12 (e–h), Figures 21 (a–f)). Short, longitudinal fovea with pale white diamond mark behind it. Clypeus narrow. Chelicerae with simple retromarginal teeth ( Ikeda 2013). Subparallel ocular quadrangle, first eye row is wider than third row in males, but in females eye row I is narrower than third row ( Peckham and Peckham 1907; Ikeda 2013). Longitudinal median band of abdomen with serrated margins ( Peng et al. 1998), this pattern is designated as ‘herring-bone pattern’ in Jastrzebski ( Jastrzębski 2011). Simple male palp with rounded or oval bulbus with or without posterior lobe. Embolus thin and short to medium sized originating from antero-lateral portion of bulbus ( Figures 18 (c,e), Figures 19 (a,e), Figures 22 (c,e), Figures 24 (c,e), Figures 26 (a); Prószyński 2017). RTA with a pointed tip without bifurcation. Palpal tibia medium sized. Epigyne with simple sclerotised plate ending in front of epigastric furrow ( Prószyński 1992). Posterior epigynal plate often with a single central pocket ( Figures 18 (c,e), Figures 19 (c,d,g,h), Figures 20 (c,d,h,i), Figures 25 (c,d)) sometimes two small lateral pockets at the edges of plate. A pair of small membranous window or sclerotised narrow crevices leading to copulatory openings at anterior half of the epigynum. Sclerotised spermathecae with 2–3 chambers.

Composition

At present, the genus comprises 34 species ( World Spider Catalog 2020). However, some of them may be misplaced and need to be transferred to other closely related or new genera. This study adds three more new species to the genus, all endemic to Sri Lanka.

Distribution

This genus is primarily distributed in the Oriental region, including Borneo, Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Vietnam.

Figures

Figure 12. Photographs of live males of Colopsus magnus sp. nov. from Upcot, Nuwara Eliya (a–d) and Pancorius alboclypeus sp. nov. from Dothalugala (e–h).

Figure 18. Pancorius alboclypeus sp. nov. (a, b). Male habitus, (a). dorsal view. (b). ventral view. (c–f). Male palp, (c). ventral view. (d). prolateral view. (e). ventral view. (f). retrolateral view. Scale bars: (a, b) = 2 mm, (c–f) = 0.2 mm.

Figure 19. Pancorius alboclypeus sp. nov. (a, c, e, g) and Pancorius altus sp. nov. (b, d, f, h); (a, b). ventral view of palp, (c, d). ventral view of epigynum, (e, f). retrolateral view of palp, (g, h). dorsal view of vulva.

Figure 20. Pancorius alboclypeus sp. nov. (a–e); (a, b). Female habitus, a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, (c–e). Epigynum; (c, d). ventral view, (e). dorsal view and Pancorius altus sp. nov. (f–j); (f, g). Female habitus, f. dorsal view. (g). ventral view. (h–j). Epigynum; (h, i). ventral view. (j). dorsal view. Scale bars: (a, b), (f, g) = 2 mm, (c–e), (h–j) = 0.1 mm.

Figure 21. Photographs of live Pancorius altus sp. nov. (a–f); (a–d). male in life, (g–f). female from Loolecondera estate.

Figure 22. Pancorius altus sp. nov. (a, b). Male habitus, (a). dorsal view. (b). ventral view. (c–f). Male palp, c. ventral view. (d). prolateral view. (e). ventral view. (f). retrolateral view. Scale bars: (a, b) = 2 mm, (c–f) = 0.2 mm.

Figure 23. Photographs of live Pancorius athukoralai sp. nov. a–d. male from Deltota forest. (e–h). females.

Figure 24. Pancorisus athukoralai sp. nov. (a, b). Male habitus, (a). dorsal view, (b). ventral view. (c–f). Male palp, c. ventral view. (d). prolateral view. (e). ventral view. (f). retrolateral view. Scale bars: (a, b) = 2 mm, (c) = 0.5 mm, (d–f) = 0.2 mm.

Figure 25. Pancorius athukoralai sp. nov. (a, b). Female habitus; (a). dorsal view,(b). ventral view, (c–e). Epigynum; (c, d). ventral view, (e). dorsal view. Scale bars: (a, b) = 2 mm, (c–e) = 0.1 mm.

Figure 26. Pancorius athukoralai sp. nov. (a). Palp, ventral view, (b). retrolateral view; (c). Epigynum, ventral view, (d). dorsal view. Scale bars: (a–d) = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: alt: apical lobe of tegulum; e: embolus; t = tegulum.