Hydrellia tibialis Cresson 1917

Júnior, Francisco De Assis Rodrigues, Mathis, Wayne Nielsen & Couri, Márcia Souto, 2014, Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Brazil with an emphasis on the faunas from the states of Parana and Rio de Janeiro, Zootaxa 3753 (6), pp. 501-541 : 514-516

Hydrellia tibialis Cresson 1917

(Figs.: 4.3, 9.1–9.7 and 10)

Hydrellia tibialis Cresson 1917: 341 (description of male and female). Holotype male, ANSP 6141. Type-locality: United States, Idaho, Latah, Moscow (46°44'N, 117°W); Cresson 1918: 47 (list of species); Cresson 1941: 37 (redescription); Cresson 1944: 164 (review); Cresson 1947: 38 (review, Neotropical species); Johnson 1925: 272 (list); Wirth & Stone 1956: 469 (key, California); Deonier 1964: 116 (key to species of Iowa); Deonier 1965: 500 and 506 (ecology); Deonier 1971: 99 –102 (redescription, immature stages; host plant); Deonier 1998: 230 –237 (revision); Wirth & Stone 1956: 469 (list); Wirth 1965: 744 (Nearctic catalog); Wirth 1968: 13 (Neotropical catalog); Cole 1969: 400 (list, western North America, discussion); Lizarralde de Grosso 1989: 34 (list, Argentina); Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1995: 91 (world catalog).

Hydrellia diadema Frey, 1930: 93 fide Zatwarnicki, 1988: 615.

Diagnosis. Body length of male 1.73–2.50 mm, female 1.94–2.29 mm; both proclinate and reclinate fronto-orbital setae present; mesonotum densely microtomentose, dark grayish brown over black with some metallic green reflections; maxillary palpus dark grayish brown to black; well-developed dorsocentral setae 0+1; presutural dorsocentral setae absent; pleurae mostly grayish brown colored, not contrasting with notum as in H. calverti and H. agitator (fig. 4.3); male mid tibia noticeably dilated (fig. 4.3); sternite 5 deeply concave and congruent with distiphallus, posterior arms digitiform, irregularly setose (figs. 9.1 and 9.2); surstylus trapezoidal, wider than large, anterior margin truncate (fig. 9.7); postsurstylus narrow, spoon-like at posterior margin, its posterior apices one over the other (figs. 9.1 and 9.2); phallapodeme bifurcated in both sides, anterior bifurcation pointed, with a membrane between the process, posterior bifurcation truncated at posterior margin (fig. 9.5).

Description. Head: frons broader than high; fronto-orbital plate darker, densely microtomentose, usually black; frontal vitta grayish brown, sometimes olivaceous or golden microtomentose; ocellar setae present, halflength to subequal to pseudopostocellar; both proclinate and reclinate fronto-orbital setae present, with a third smaller setula between them; antenna mostly dark grayish brown to black; pedicel with no developed setae on dorsal margin, but with 1–2 ventral hair like setulae; 5–6 aristal rays; face narrow, ochraceous or silvery gray, bearing 5–6 setae; parafacial usually silvery gray; face in lateral view nearly vertical but with low, rounded, ventromedial carina and shallow but distinct antennal grooves; lunule usually concolorous with face; gena and postgena dark grayish brown, occiput darker; genal groove usually concolorous with gena or slightly darker; 1 genal seta; maxillary palpus dark grayish brown to black, cleaver shaped; epistomal ratio: 1.57–1.62; mesofacial ratio: 1.95–2.04; vertex ratio: 3.50–4.87; eye-to-gena ratio: 5.84–6.87; head ratio: 1.21–1.27.

Thorax: well-developed dorsocentral setae 0+1; mesonotum densely microtomentose, dark grayish brown over black, with some metallic green reflections; pleural areas grayish brown, not contrasting with notum in lateral view (fig. 4.3); anepisternum with some sparsely golden microtomentum dorsomedially; 1 mesokatepisternal seta; 3 scutellar setae, mid pair weakly developed; 1 postpronotal seta. Wings: length 1.99–2.55; hyaline with brown venation; knob of halter fluorescent yellow to whitish yellow, stem brown; costal sections indices: II/I: 2.08–2.21; III/IV: 3.30–3.41; V/IV: 3.61–3.79; vein M ratio: 3.25–3.26. Legs: dark grayish brown; joints sometimes glossy brown; ctenidial setae along anteroventral margin of forefemur weakly developed; mid tibiae of male enlarged (fig. 4.3).

Abdomen: dark grayish brown with metallic green reflections dorsally and laterally, grayish brown ventrally. Male terminalia: sternite 5 deeply concave and congruent with distiphallus, posterior arms digitiform, irregularly setose (figs. 9.1 and 9.2); surstylus trapezoidal, wider than large, anterior margin truncate (fig. 9.7); epandrium narrow (fig. 9.1); postsurstylus narrow, spoon-like at posterior margin, its posterior apices one over the other (figs. 9.1 and 9.2); pregonite L-shaped, bifurcated, each arm bearing 1 setula (fig. 9.2); postgonite bent anteromedially (fig. 9.2); aedeagus fusiform in ventral view, ornamented at the base (fig. 9.3), distiphallus small; phallapodeme bifurcated in both sides, anterior bifurcation pointed, with a membrane between the process, posterior bifurcation truncated at posterior margin (fig. 9.5). Female terminalia: third to tergite 5s subequal in size; tergite 6 twice longer than subequal seventh and eighth; sternites roundly quadrate; sixth and sternite 7s subequal; tergite 8 uniformly microsetulose, with usually 1–2 pairs of long hair like setulae, in ventral view deeply concave posteromedially and roundly truncate anteriorly; cerci in lateral view rounded apically, with a petiole anteriorly; hypoproct subequal in size to cerci, bent dorsally, uniformly microsetulose, strongly sclerotized in apical half; ventral receptacle with a cap cupuliform, 1.5 larger than wide, extended process J-shaped in lateral view.

Material examined. Brazil: Amazonas, Sítio Vida Tropical (02°51.9'S, 59°55.9'W; 60 m), 5.V.2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (2 male, 3 female; INPA, USNM). Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da Tijuca (22°57’27.60’’S, 43°16’26.08’’W; 507 m), 03.X.2011 – 29.III.2012, F. A. Rodrigues Jr. (89 male, 66 female; MNRJ). Paraná, Bocaiúva do Sul (ca. 10 km NW; 25°14.9'S, 49°08.9'W; 890 m), 4.XI.2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (12 male, 11 female; MNRJ, USNM). Paraná, Curitiba, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Reserva Biológica (25°26.9'S, 49°14'W; 915 m), 04–28.I.2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1 female; USNM). Paraná, Parque Iguaçú (25°33.4'S, 49°13.6'W; 880 m), 19.I–11.II.2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (2 male; USNM). Paraná, Antonina (25°28.4'S, 48°40.9'W; mangal), 09.IV.2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (4 male; MNRJ, USNM).

Distribution. Nearctic: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec), United States (Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington, Wyoming). Neotropical: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas, Paraná and Rio de Janeiro), Chile, Costa Rica, Galapagos Islands, Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago and West Indies ( Dominica). Palearctic: Austria and Finland.

Notes. Hydrellia tibialis is recorded for the first time from Brazil, as is the first photograph of this species. H. tibialis is morphologically very similar to H. calverti Cresson and H. agitator Deonier , but can be distinguished by the orientation of fronto-orbital setae and the coloration of the pleurae and notum.