Phoenicocoris: Yasunaga, 1999: 191

SCHWARTZ, MICHAEL D. & STONEDAHL, GARY M., 2004, Revision of Phoenicocoris Reuter with Descriptions of Three New Species from North America and a New Genus from Japan (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae), American Museum Novitates 3464 (1), pp. 1-56 : 42-49

Phoenicocoris: Yasunaga, 1999: 191 (discussion).

TYPE SPECIES: Psallus kyushuensis Linnavuori, 1961 .

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the moderately elongate body, the brown general coloration, sometimes with hemelytra paler than rest of dorsum, the mixed dorsal vestiture of densely distributed, decurved, silvery sericeous setae and pale brown to black, reclining simple setae, and especially the vesical structure consisting of subequal length, nondiverging apices of the strap, terminal membranous sac, and subterminally situated secondary gonopore.

DESCRIPTION: Male. GENERAL ASPECT: macropterous elongate; reddish brown general coloration, sometimes hemelytra paler than remainder of dorsum, coxae and tibiae dusky yellowish brown; dorsum with densely distributed, narrow, sericeous, apically point­ ed, silvery scalelike setae and densely distributed, suberect to reclining, pale brown to black simple setae; simple setae on head and pronotum unkempt, more erect, longer, and darker than those on hemelytra; thoracic pleura and venter without scalelike setae. HEAD: dark brown, sometimes with obscure red marks, subshining, weakly pruinose, sub­ vertical, with densely distributed, suberect unkempt, black setae; anteocular portion slightly produced, region anterior to antennal insertion short, posterior margin straight; frons strongly sloping; vertex narrow, faintly convex, without transverse basal carina; maxillary plate slightly sunken; buccal cavity narrow, obovate; eyes occupying almost entire head height in lateral view, posterolateral margin slightly removed from anterolateral margin of pronotum, emarginate anteriorly; antennal insertion contiguous with, and slightly dorsal to ventral margin of eye; antennae dark brown, segments 1 and 2 yellowish brown; segment 1 with red markings; distal segments sometimes blackish brown, segment 1 relatively long, length equal to threequarters eye height; segment 2 uniformly cylindrical; diameter of distal segments much less than segments 1 or 2: labium reaching to or just surpassing apices of hind coxae. THORAX: dark chestnut brown, subshining, weakly shagreened; mesoscutum and scutellum dark brown, sometimes reddish brown; propleura dark brown, tinged with red, with usually reddish brown ostiolar peritreme; pronotum trapezoidal, width about two times length, lateral and posterior margins nearly straight; disk weakly convex, without distinct anterior and posterior lobes; calli weakly differentiated, but distinguished by slight darkening; mesoscutum moderately exposed; scutellum flat. HEMELYTRA: shining, dark brown, sometimes paler reddish brown, especially in female; cuneus usually slightly darker than corium; male subparallel­sided, female slightly ovate; cuneus slightly less than twice as long as broad; membrane faintly infuscate; veins concolorous with membrane. LEGS: dark brown, extreme apex of coxa and trochanter pale brown; femora without scalelike setae or dark spots; hind femora without minute spines on dorsoapical portion; tibia pale, brown to dark brown distally, with long, brown spines, spines with distinct, dark basal spots; tarsi brown. VEN­ TER: dark brown with diffuse red areas. GENITALIA: genital segment relatively small, apex somewhat truncate, ventral surface covered with stout spinules and with slight spinose mesial carina (fig. 25); phallotheca short, strongly attenuate, slightly curved; vesica with J­shaped bifurcate strap, with subequal length, nondiverging apices, and terminal membranous sac; posterior apex of strap bisected with variable length terminal spicule; secondary gonopore situated subterminally, without gonopore sclerite or spinules distally; right paramere simple; left paramere typically boat­shaped.

Female: Macropterous, lateral margin of hemelytra slightly more rounded than male, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.31–2.43; width across humeral angles of pronotum 1.23–1.44; similar to male except eyes slightly smaller, vertex wider, diameter of antennal segment 2 smaller, and labium reaching base of ovipositor. GENI­ TALIA: sclerotized rings subquadrate, small, unfolded, widely separated; ventral labiate relatively large in relation to length of ring, present across width of ring, produced dorsally adjacent to ring; dorsal labiate plate faintly sclerotized; posterior wall with two relatively wide, apically attenuate, basally contiguous interramal sclerites; dorsal structure membranous, spanning and broadly attached to interramal sclerites, slightly concave anteriorly; vestibulum small, flattened, faintly membranous.

ETYMOLOGY: Named to honor the daughter of our friend and colleague Dr. Tomohide Yasunaga of Okayama University, Japan, who has done much to further the knowledge of Asian Heteroptera . The name Kasumi has a dual meaning, either composed of two Chinese characters ‘‘ka’’ for fragrance and ‘‘sumi’’ for clear or pure or one Chinese character meaning ‘‘misty’’. Kasumi­kamemushi (‘‘heteropterous bug’’) is also the Japanese common name for members of the Miridae .

DISCUSSION: As with Phoenicocoris species , the two included species of Kasumiphylus are pine inhabitants. These taxa exhibit only small differences in all morphological attributes. We maintain them as distinct based primarily on their nonoverlapping distributions; nonetheless, the species are extremely closely related.

Kasumiphylus kyushuensis (Linnavuori) , new combination

Figures 1G, 3 , 25

Psallus kyushuensis Linnavuori, 1961: 168 (n.sp.).

Phoenicocoris kyushuensis: Kerzhner, 1988a: 850 (diagnosis, male genitalia); 1988b: 75 (n.comb.); Schuh, 1995: 374 (catalog); Kerzhner and Josifov, 1999: 387 (catalog); Yasunaga, 1999: 192 (description, male genitalia, col­ or photo); Yasunaga, 2001: 168 (description, color photo of male and female).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the elongate oval body, mixed vestiture of densely distributed, dark simple and silvery, sericeous setae, contrasting coloration with pronotum dark brown and hemelytra pale brown, and the genitalic structure, especially the less prominent terminal extension of the posterior vesical apex.

REDESCRIPTION: (N = 43, 3♀) GENERAL ASPECT: total length male 3.16 (3.10–3.25), female 3.21 (3.10–3.33); length to cuneal fracture male 2.27 (2.10–2.39), female 2.38 (2.33–2.43); coloration usually reddish brown; head, pronotum, and distal antennal segments darker; vestiture as in generic description. HEAD: width male 0.76 (0.72– 0.80), female 0.73 (0.69–0.76); vertex width male 0.24 (0.23–0.24), female 0.30 (0.29– 0.31); anteocular length male 0.16 (0.14– 0.17), female 0.19 (0.18–0.20); eyes large, 91% of head height; antennal measurements male 0.29 (0.28–0.30): 1.20 (1.14–1.28): 0.83 (0.80–0.84): 0.51 (0.50–0.53), female 0.30: 1.04: 0.74: 0.48; antennal segment 2 is 64% longer than head width across eyes, labium pale yellowish brown; labial length male 1.43 (1.38–1.46), female 1.34 (1.25– 1.45); length of segment 4 male 0.40 (0.38– 0.41), female 0.38 (0.37–0.38). THORAX: width male 0.98 (0.96–1.00), female 1.04 (1.00–1.07); length male 0.47 (0.46–0.48), female 0.47 (0.43–0.49). HEMELYTRA: maximum width male 1.20 (1.15–1.25), female 1.29 (1.25–1.32).

BIOLOGY: Japanese red pine ( Pinus densiflora Siebold and Zuccarini ), Korean pine ( P. koraiensis Siebold and Zuccarini ) ( Pinaceae ). Specimens from Primorskiy Kray housed in the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg were collected on P. densiflora var. funebris (Komarov) Liou et Q.L. Wang ex Silba (Konstantinov, personal commun.).

DISTRIBUTION: Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku; Korea; Russia: Primorskiy Kray.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: JAPAN: Kyushu: Nagasaki Pref.: Kônoura, Sotome , 1.VIII.1996, T . Yasunaga, Pinus densiflora , 23, 1♀ ( CNC). Honshu: [in Cyrillic characters] Ipujama Prov. : Gidou Forest , 6.X.1981, Sugonjaev, 13, 1♀ ( AMNH). Kyoto Pref.: Kyoto Midoroga­ike , 5.VII.1980, CL 1687, J. T . Polhemus, 2♀ ( JTP) .

Kasumiphylus ryukyuensis (Yasunaga) , new combination Figures 3 , 25

Phoenicocoris ryukyuensis Yasunaga, 1999: 192 (n.sp., description, male genitalia, color photo); Yasunaga, 2001: 169 (description, color photo of male and instar 5); Yasunaga, 2003: 12 (type information).

DIAGNOSIS: The overall darker coloration and vesical structure, especially the prominent terminal extension of the posterior apex, will distinguished this species from its congener.

REDESCRIPTION: (N = 23, 3♀) GENERAL ASPECT: total length male 3.15 (3.10–3.20), female 3.28 (3.20–3.40); length to cuneal fracture male 2.28, female 2.36 (2.31–2.36); coloration usually dark reddish brown, pronotum and distal antennal segments brown; vestiture as in generic description. HEAD: width male 0.77 (0.74–0.80), female 0.74 (0.72–0.77); vertex width male 0.25 (0.24– 0.26), female 0.33 (0.32–0.33); anteocular length male 0.17, female 0.17 (0.16–0.18); eyes large, 91% of head height; antennal measurements male 0.28 (0.26–0.29): 1.18 (1.09–1.26): 0.80 (0.75–0.84): 0.48, female 0.29 (0.28–0.29): 1.03 (1.00 –1.08): 0.72 (0.70–0.73): 0.46 (0.45–0.48); antennal segment 2 is 68% longer than head width across eyes, labium pale yellowish brown, tinged with red; labial length male 1.36 (1.32–1.40), female 1.36 (1.31–1.39); length of segment 4 male 0.36, female 0.38. THORAX: width male 1.02 (1.00–1.04), female 1.08 (1.03– 1.13); length male 0.49 (0.48–0.50), female 0.50 (0.49–0.51). HEMELYTRA: maximum width male 1.18 (1.15–1.20), female 1.30 (1.23–1.44).

BIOLOGY: Luchu pine ( Pinus luchuensis Mayr ) ( Pinaceae ).

DISTRIBUTION: Japan: Ryukyus: Okinawa and Ishigaki Islands.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: JAPAN: Okinawa: Sate, Kunigami Valley , 24.V.1993, T . Yasunaga , 13, 2♀ ( CNC) .

Figures

Fig. 3. Dorsal habitus photographs. See appendix 1 for localities.

Fig. 25. Male genitalia of Kasumiphylus species, Phoenicocoris dissimils, and P. minusculus—Kasumiphylus kyushuensis, Japan: Sotome; ryukyuensis, Okinawa: Kunigami Valley; dissimilis, Pennsylvania: Hershey Hotel; minusculus, Québec: Frelighsburg. Scale = 0.10 mm.