Aphis vurilocensis Nieto Nafría, Brown & López Ciruelos, 2017

Rodríguez, Sandra González, Brown, Paul A., Ortego, Jaime, López Ciruelos, Sara I. & Nieto Nafría, Juan M., 2017, Aphis species (Hemiptera, Aphididae) living on Mulinum (Apiaceae) in South America, with a description of a new species, Zootaxa 4216 (1), pp. 47-54 : 52-54

Aphis vurilocensis Nieto Nafría, Brown & López Ciruelos , sp. n.

Types. Holotype: apterous viviparous female (measured specimen number 3 of sample BM 1971-1): « Mulinum spinosum // ARGENTINA // R.N., Bariloche area // San Ramon // 31-ii-1970 [sic] / C. I. B. C. // C. I. E. A 3740 // no. 1.»; being: R.N., Rio Negro province; San Ramon , Estancia San Ramón [approximately 41°03’S, 70°59’W, 900 m]; C.I.B.C., Commonwealth Institute for Biological Control [now part of CABI], C.I.E., Commonwealth Institute of Entomology . Paratypes: 3 apterous viviparous females, and 2 inmature apterae (not measured) collected with the holotype. Natural History Museum collection, London ( United Kingdom).

Apterous viviparous females ( Fig. 2 ), from 4 specimens, 3 of them measured. Colour when alive unknown. When prepared head, including clypeus and mandibular and maxillary lames dark brown; antennal segments I and II brown like segment VI and distal portion of segments III, IV and V; rostrum brown with dark distal segments; coxae, trochanters, and most part of femora dark brown (like head), most part of tibiae pale (as with antennal segment III), siphunculi, genital and anal plates and cauda dark brown. Body 1.075–1.20 mm long, 1.9–2.0 times hind tibia (approximately 0.62 mm), 16.0–19.6 times siphunculus. Antenna 0.80–0.85 mm and 0.59–0.67 times body length. Antennal segment III 0.19–0.23 mm and 1.2 9–1.60 times segment VI processus terminalis, with 5–8 pointed setae, 18–25 µm and 1.1–1.7 times subarticular diameter of antennal segment III [D], shorter than those on vertex (25–35 µm and 1.7–2.3 times D). Antennal segments IV and V respectively 0.11–0.15 and 0.11–0.14 mm. Segment VI processus terminalis 0.13–0.18 mm and 1.23–1.67 times segment VI base (0.10–0.11 mm). Rostrum long, 0.46–0.47 mm, extending to abdominal segment III; ultimate rostral segment long (0.13–0.14 mm, 1.18–1.33 times base of antennal segment VI, 1.13–1.27 times second segment of hind tarsi), straight and with 2 accessory setae. Dorsum of thorax with wide marginal sclerites and several pleural and spinal spots. Prothoracic marginal tubercles, wide and tall, larger than the triommatidium. Inside setae on hind trochanter 43–45 µm and 0.7–1.1 times trochanterofemoral suture; dorsal setae on hind femora 35–50 µm and 2.1–3.3 times D. First segment of tarsi with 3.3.2 setae. Abdominal segment 1 to 6 without dorsal segmental sclerotization; segments 7 and 8 with individual narrow and very pale brown transverse stripes. Intersegmental and spiracular sclerites brown. Large dome-like marginal tubercles on abdominal segment 1 to 4, but segment 7 without marginal tubercles. Spinal and marginal setae on intermediate abdominal segment pointed, respectively 18–20 µm and 1.0–1.3 times D and 43 µm and 2.8 times D. Abdominal segment 8 with 3–4 setae, 35–38 µm and 2.0–2.5 times D, longer than those on segment 7 (25 µm and 1.4–1.7 times D). Siphunculi tapering, with small flange and spinuled ornamentation, 0.06–0.08 mm, 1.75– 1.88 times its diameter at mid length, and 0.45–0.47 times cauda. Cauda long and triangular with slight constriction at mid length, 1.14–1.16 mm and 1.22–1.35 times its basal width, with 10–11 long setae.

Etymology. The specific name “ vurilocensis ” is an adjective that refers to Bariloche, in feminine, from the Latin name of the Catholic Diocese of San Carlos de Bariloche (Sancti Caroli Vurilocensis ), because the type locality of the new species is in Bariloche area ( Fig. 1 ).

Taxonomic discussion. The specimens were recognised as an undescribed species by Blackman & Eastop (2006, 2016). The only other species of Aphidina recorded in South America without marginal tubercles on abdominal segment 7 are Andinaphis paradoxa ( Mier Durante, Ortego & Nieto Nafría, 1997) , Aphis matilei Nieto Nafría, Ortego & Mier Durante, 2000 and Aphis maulensis Mier Durante & García Tejero, 2016 ; the first of these species also lacks marginal tubercles on prothorax and abdominal segment I, and the latter two have longer siphunculi than the new species.

The identification key for apterous viviparous females of Aphis species living on Mulium species by Nieto Nafría et al. (1999) is modified to include the new species and the new ranges for A. martinezi and A. roberti material. In this key “discal plate” is a sclerotization continuously extended on spinal, pleural and marginal areas of several abdominal segments, and the “spinopleural patch” is a sclerotization limited to spinal and pleural areas of several segments, which could be or not accompanied with marginal sclerites on all or several segments.

1. Abdominal segment 7 without marginal tubercles. Prothorax and abdominal segments 1 to 4 with wide dome-like marginal tubercles. Siphunculi at most 0.5 times cauda. Rostrum long, extending to middle abdomen............................................................................... A. vurilocensis Nieto Nafría, Brown & López Ciruelos , sp. n.

- Abdominal segments 1 and 7 and prothorax with marginal tubercles. Other abdominal segments usually without marginal tubercles. Siphunculi at least 0.6 times cauda. Rostrum reaching or slightly extending beyond the coxae of hind legs...... 2

2. Genital plate usually without posterior setae (one seta may be present); cauda triangular, acute, and pale as siphunculi. Setae of antennal segment III and abdominal segment 3: 15–30 and 23–38 µm long, respectively................... A. paravanoi

- Genital plate with at least 4 setae; cauda triangular or finger-shaped, but if triangular it is as dark as siphunculi...........3

3. Dorsum of abdominal segments 2–5 membranous or provided with isolated sclerites, transverse spinopleural s tripes more or less coalescent between them, or spinopleural patch. Cauda triangular. Setae of antennal III and abdominal segment 3 respectively 5–13 and 4–20 µm long................................................................... A. martinezi

- Dorsum of abdominal segments 2–5 with discal plate, or very wide spinopleural patch and marginal sclerites. Cauda fingershaped..............................................................................................4

4. Setae on antennal segment III 10–20 µm. Setae on abdominal segments 3 and 8 respectively 13–28 and 13–43 µm. Cauda narrow finger-shaped. Genital plate with no more than 10 posterior setae. Antennal segment VI processus terminalis 1.1–2.2 times antennal segment VI base........................................................................ A. roberti

- Setae on antennal segment III longer than 35 µm. Setae on abdominal segments 3 and 8 respectively at least 39 and 60 µm.

Cauda broad finger-shaped. Genital plate with at least 10 posterior setae.......................................... 5 5. Antennal segment VI processus terminalis 1.5 times antennal segment VI base. Siphunculus at least 1.3 times cauda. Cauda with 10–14 setae............................................................................... A. mulini

- Antennal segment VI processus terminalis 1.2 times base of antennal segment VI base. Siphunculus maximally 1.1 times cauda. Cauda with 8–10 setae.................................................................. A. mulinicola

Figures

FIGURE 1. Partial maps of South America with the approximate position of the localities in which specimens of Aphis species living on Mulinum have been recorded.

FIGURE 2. Aphis vurilocensis Nieto Nafría, Brown & López Ciruelos, sp. n., apterous viviparous female, habitus.