Ceraleurodicus, Hempel, 1922

Canty, Roy J., Martini, Biancamaria & Wanke, Dominic, 2023, Three new species of Neotropical Ceraleurodicus Hempel (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) found in the Natural History Museum (London) collection, with notes and a puparial key to species, Zootaxa 5277 (2), pp. 313-338 : 315

Key to puparia of species of Ceraleurodicus

1 Body asymmetrical or, if symmetrical, body elongate-oblong, tapering at posterior and anterior ends................... 2

- Body symmetrical and round to oval/elongate-oval........................................................... 5

2 (1) Body elongate-oblong or banana-shaped................................................................... 3

- Body broader and oval-shaped ( Figs 2a , 3a ). Well-developed side of dorsum with 4 subequal compound pores: 1 cephalothoracic and 1 on each of abdominal segments III, IV, and V; occasionally a smaller one also on VI ( Figs 2a , 3a ). Distribution: Guyana. Host(s) unknown..................................................................... boteh Canty sp. nov.

3 (2) Body banana-shaped ( Fig. 7a ) or elongate-oblong if symmetrical ( Fig. 7b ). Well-developed side of dorsum with 3–4 large, subequal compound pores ( Fig. 7a ): 1 cephalothoracic and 1 on each of abdominal segments III, IV; occasionally also on abdominal segment V; each compound pore encircled by a darkened and sclerotised ring and exuding a long, dark, robust axial process extending well beyond puparial margin ( Fig. 7f ). Distribution: Belize, Brazil, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. On various hosts................................................................................ keris Martin

- Body banana-shaped only. Compound pores also found on abdominal segments VI or VII, but sometimes not on V; compound pores not encircled by a darkened and sclerotised ring and not exuding a long, dark, robust axial process................ 4

4 (3) Compound pores paired and subequal in size: 1 cephalothoracic pair and 1 pair on each of abdominal segments III, IV, and VII; final pair located posterior to VO, beside anterior edge of 9th pair of rays ( Figs 4a , 5a ). Furrow present along the 9th pair of rays, running from the pore to the puparial margin, which is slightly indented at this point ( Fig 4e ). Rays wide, more than 3 times as wide as the compound pores ( Figs 4a , 5a ). Distribution: Trinidad. On Citrus (Rutaceae) .... brianeno Canty sp. nov.

- Subequal compound pores present only on well-developed side: 1 cephalothoracic and 1 on each of abdominal segments III, IV, V, and VI ( Fig. 10a ). A smaller abdominal compound pore present on less-developed side, on abdominal segment VII, posterior and to the side of VO, on 9th ray, without furrow ( Fig. 10f ). Rays narrow, approximately 2–3 times as wide as the compound pores ( Fig. 10a ). Distribution: Brazil, Belize. On various hosts...................................... varus (Bondar)

5 (1) Abdomen with 0–1 pairs of compound pores, or pores unpaired................................................. 6

- Abdomen with 4–5 pairs of compound pores................................................................ 7

6 (5) Body ovoid ( Fig. 6a ). Cephalothoracic region without a medial dark spot. 1 pair of small compound pores towards anterior margin of abdominal segment III ( Fig. 6a ); anterior margins of pores associated with a group of small pores ( Fig. 6b ). Distribution: Brazil. On Nectandra (Lauraceae) .............................................. hempeli Costa Lima

- Body round ( Fig. 1a ). Cephalothoracic region with a medial dark spot between the two compound pores ( Fig. 1a ). Pair of small compound pores towards anterior margin of abdominal segment III absent; anterior margins of pores not associated with a group of small pores ( Fig. 1a ). Distribution: Brazil and Trinidad. On Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae) .... assymmetrus (Bondar)

7 (5) Body broadly ovoid ( Fig. 9a ). 6 pairs of large compound pores: 1 cephalothoracic pair and 1 pair on each of abdominal segments III, IV, V, VI, and VII ( Fig. 9a ). Distribution: Brazil. On Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae) ......... splendidus Hempel

- Body elongate-oval. Abdomen with 3–4 pairs of small compound pores, and 1 posterior-most pair reduced in size........ 8

8 (7) Body broader, approximately 1.4–1.5 times as long as wide ( Fig. 8a ). Dorsum with 8 pairs of lateral rays leading mesad from margin ( Fig. 8a ). 5 pairs of abdominal compound pores: 1 pair of large pores on each of abdominal segments III, IV, V, and VII; 1 pair of smaller compound pores on abdominal segment VII, on the 8th pair of rays, near the puparial margin ( Fig. 8a ). Distribution: Brazil. Host(s) unknown.......................................................... neivai (Bondar)

- Body more elongate, approximately 1.6–1.7 times as long as wide ( Figs 11a , 12a ). Dorsum with 9 pairs of lateral rays leading mesad from margin ( Figs 11a , 12a ). 4 pairs of abdominal compound pores: 1 pair of large pores on each of abdominal segments III, IV, and V; 1 pair of smaller pores on abdominal segment VII, on the posterior margin of the 9th pair of rays ( Figs 11a , 12a ). Distribution: Ecuador. On Cocos nucifera and Elaeis (Arecaceae) ............................... wire Canty sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Ceraleurodicus assymmetrus (Bondar) photographs showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) cephalothoracic compound pore, (c) anterior compound pore from the darkened dorsal pit, (d) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 10, and (e) vasiform orifice.

FIGURE 2. Ceraleurodicus boteh Canty sp. nov. photographs showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) large abdominal compound pore, (c) small abdominal compound pore, (d) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 6, and (e) vasiform orifice with posterior ventral claws.

FIGURE 3. Ceraleurodicus boteh Canty sp. nov. line drawings showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 6, (c) large compound pore, and (d) vasiform orifice.

FIGURE 4. Ceraleurodicus brianeno Canty sp. nov. photographs showing:(a) dorsal habitus, (b) vasiform orifice, (c) abdominal compound pore, (d) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 1, and (e) puparial margin showing furrow and margin indentation at ray 9.

FIGURE 5. Ceraleurodicus brianeno Canty sp. nov. line drawings of: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) puparial margin showing submarginal combs, (c) compound pore, and (d) vasiform orifice.

FIGURE 6. Ceraleurodicus hempeli Costa Lima line drawings showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) compound pore with miniscule pores, and (c) vasiform orifice.

FIGURE 7. Ceraleurodicus keris Martin photographs showing: (a) dorsal habitus of an asymmetrical specimen, (b) dorsal habitus of symmetrical specimen, (c) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 2, (d) minute posterior compound pore and puparial margin at ray 9, (e) vasiform orifice with posterior ventral claws, (f) large abdominal compound pore with axial process.

FIGURE 8. Ceraleurodicus neivai (Bondar) photographs showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 1, (c) compound pore, (d) vasiform orifice, and (e) reduced compound pore near the edge of the puparial margin within ray 8.

FIGURE 9. Ceraleurodicus splendidus Hempel photographs of: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 2, (c) compound pore, and (d) vasiform orifice.

FIGURE 11. Ceraleurodicus wire Canty sp. nov. photographs showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 2, (c) small abdominal compound pore, (d) large cephalothoracic compound pore, (e) large cephalothoracic compound pore and granular section, and (f) vasiform orifice.

FIGURE 12. Ceraleurodicus wire Canty sp. nov. line drawings showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 2, (c) large compound pore, and (d) vasiform orifice.

FIGURE 10. Ceraleurodicus varus (Bondar) photographs showing: (a) dorsal habitus, (b) cephalic compound pore, (c) abdominal compound pore, (d) reduced posterior abdominal compound pore, (e) puparial margin showing submarginal combs at ray 5, (f) puparial margin showing indentation and submarginal combs at ray 9 and, (g) vasiform orifice.