Dasyhelea pseudolacustris Díaz and Spinelli, 2014

Díaz, Florentina, Spinelli, Gustavo R., Donato, Mariano & Ronderos, María M., 2014, A taxonomic revision of the Patagonian species of the Dasyhelea mutabilis species group with a phylogenetic analysis of New World species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (35 - 36), pp. 2117-2175 : 2146-2153

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2014.909062
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:39D6AE31-36D1-4CBF-8C43-40050801ECAD
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F5D3D03-DC8B-4FE3-B18C-BE614D6342A3
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F5D3D03-DC8B-4FE3-B18C-BE614D6342A3
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Dasyhelea pseudolacustris Díaz and Spinelli
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Dasyhelea pseudolacustris Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.

( Figures 8–11 View Figure 8 , 19C,D View Figure 19 , 22 View Figure 22 )

Dasyhelea lacustris: Spinelli and Ronderos, 1987: 13 View in CoL (male, pupa; Argentina), misidentification except holotype of D. lacustris View in CoL .

Diagnosis

Only species of Dasyhelea in Patagonia with the following combination of characters: male with posterolateral arms of aedeagus divided with apex of inner portion recurved ventrolaterad at 90°. Female with subgenital plate semicircular with broad, deep lumen, posteromedian projection very small and posterolateral arms slender, gently curved; clypeus with 3 pairs of setae; femora and tibiae dark brown, tarsi whitish and hind tibial comb with 8 spines.

Description of male. Similar to female with usual sexual differences. Antennal flagellum as in Figure 8A View Figure 8 . Palpus ( Figure 8B View Figure 8 ) pale; segment 3 bearing scattered sensilla on basomesal surface; PR 4.20–5.50 (4.77, n = 10). Scutellum with 6–7 large, 2–3 thinner setae. Wing ( Figure 19D View Figure 19 ) length 0.72–0.96 (0.85, n = 10) mm, width 0.27–0.30 (0.29, n = 10) mm, CR 0.40–0.44 (0.41, n = 10). Genitalia ( Figure 8C View Figure 8 ): tergite 9 rounded distally, reaching level of apex of gonocoxites, apicolateral process slender on distal half with single subapical seta; cercus moderately short with 2–3 small setae; sternite 9 ( Figure 8D View Figure 8 ) 0.5 length of greatest width, posteromedian projection elongate, moderately narrow, reaching one-third of aedeagus length, apex rounded, folded. Gonocoxite stout, 1.7 × longer than greatest width; gonostylus 0.9 length of gonocoxite, proximal one-third moderately broad, distal two-thirds abruptly tapered, apex slightly hooked, tip broad, rounded. Paramere and gonocoxal apodemes ( Figure 8E View Figure 8 ) forming a symmetrical structure; gonocoxal apodemes slender with small, subbasal, anteriorly directed tooth, both apodemes fused with paramere by a slender stalk, paramere slender, tip rounded, folded. Aedeagus 0.8 length of greatest width, W/L ratio 1.25–1.60 (1.41, n = 10); anterior margin straight, heavily sclerotized; basal arms stout, recurved 60°, directed posteriorly; posterolateral arms divided, inner portion elongate, apex recurved ventrolaterad at 90°, posteromedian projection stout, apex very broad with rounded tip.

Description of female. Head dark brown. Eyes contiguous for distance of the width of 3 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum ( Figure 8F View Figure 8 ) pale; AR 0.79–0.90 (0.86, n = 10). Clypeus ( Figure 8G View Figure 8 ) with 3 pairs of setae. Palpus ( Figure 8H View Figure 8 ) pale; segment 3 with 2– 3 subbasal capitate sensilla; PR 3.33–4.25 (3.78, n = 10).

Thorax. Scutum dark brown; scutellum paler with 6–7 large, 2–3 thinner setae. Legs dark brown except tarsi whitish; apex of hind tibia with 8 spines; foreleg TR 1.82–2.04 (1.95, n = 10), midleg TR 1.96–2.22 (2.01, n = 10), hind leg TR 2.00–2.26 (2.12, n = 10). Wing ( Figure 19C View Figure 19 ) length 0.69–0.87 (0.82, n = 10) mm, width 0.30– 0.39 (0.36, n = 10) mm; CR 0.39–0.44 (0.41, n = 10); membrane hyaline, densely covered with macrotrichia; radial cells obliterated; cubital fork at same level of median portion of second radial cell. Haltere pale brown.

Abdomen. Pale brown. Subgenital plate ( Figure 8I View Figure 8 ) semicircular with extensive lumen, posterior margin truncate, posteromedian projection very small; posterolateral arms slender, gently curved distally. Spermatheca ( Figure 8J View Figure 8 ) spherical, heavily sclerotized, diameter 60 µm, neck short, straight, heavily sclerotized, measuring 12 µm.

Description of female pupa. Total length 1.89–2.25 (1.97, n = 6) mm. General coloration of exuviae pale brown. Dorsal apotome ( Figure 10B) 3 × broader than long, apex broadly rounded, surface covered with stout rounded tubercles, except smooth anterolateral areas weakly wrinkled; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin rounded with stout, rounded tubercle, bearing 6–7 strong spicules; dorsal apotome sensilla medium-sized, thin, located on rounded well-developed tubercle ( Figure 10B); DAL 0.07–0.08 (0.08, n = 4) mm; DAW 0.18–0.19 (0.18, n = 4) mm DAW/DAL 2.14–2.66 (2.30, n = 4). Cephalothorax ( Figure 10A) surface smooth, length 0.72–0.81 (0.77, n = 6) mm, width 0.51–0.60 (0.55, n = 6) mm. Cephalothoracic sensilla as follows ( Figure 10D): three dorsolateral cephalic sclerite sensilla, two short, thin, hyaline setae, one campaniform sensillum; two anterolateral sensilla, one thin, medium-sized seta, one campaniform sensillum; two medium-sized anteromedial sensilla; three dorsals present ( Figure 11A View Figure 11 ), D-1-T, D-5-T short setae, D-3-T campaniform sensillum, supralar campaniform sensillum (SA-2-T) ( Figure 11A View Figure 11 ). Respiratory organ ( Figure 10A) slightly curved, 6.66 × longer than broad, posterior half annulated, with 42–45 apical and 6–8 lateral pores; RO length 0.19–0.25 (0.23, n = 6) mm, RO width 0.02–0.04 (0.03, n = 6) mm; pedicel (P) slightly darker, smooth, short, stout, pedicel length 0.02 (n = 6) mm, P/RO 0.09–0.12 (0.10, n = 6). Two short, hyaline clypeal/labral sensilla ( Figure 11B View Figure 11 ); two ocular sensilla, O-1-H medium-sized, thin seta, O-2-H campaniform sensillum ( Figure 11B View Figure 11 ). Abdominal segments covered with small spinules. First abdominal segment ( Figure 11C View Figure 11 ) with sensilla as follows: one D-2-I peg; D-4-I, D-7-I posterior campaniform sensilla; 3 lateral sensilla: L-1-I, L-3-I short setae; L-2-I medium-sized seta. Second abdominal segment similar to first, except three posterior sensilla, 2 campaniform sensilla, one thin, short, hyaline seta. Segment 4 with sensillar pattern ( Figure 11D View Figure 11 ) as follows: D-2-IV peg; D-4-IV, D-7-IV pores, D-8-IV medium-sized, thin, hyaline seta, all located on flattened tubercles; L-1-IV medium-sized, thin, hyaline seta located on triangular tubercle; L-2-IV, L-3-IV, L-4-IV stout, short setae all located on flattened tubercles; V-5-IV medium-sized, thin, hyaline seta; V-6-IV short, stout seta, both on flattened tubercles. Segment 9 ( Figure 10G) 0.88 × longer than greatest width, anterior margin of ventral surface with pair of lateral areas with few scattered strong spinules; length 0.16–0.19 (0.17, n = 5) mm, width 0.17–0.20 (0.19, n = 5) mm. Terminal process triangular ( Figure 10G), divergent, tip pointed, base wide with two setae, one medium-sized, hyaline seta located on small tubercle, other short, stout seta on rounded tubercle; length 0.04–0.06 (0.05, n = 5) mm.

Description of male pupa ( Figure 9A). Similar to female with sexual differences: Total length 1.86–2.01 (1.93, n = 4) mm. Exuviae pale brown. Dorsal apotome ( Figures 9B, 10C) with DAL 0.08–0.10 (0.09, n = 4) mm; DAW 0.19–0.21 (0.20 n = 4) mm; DAW/ DAL 2.00–2.42 (2.13, n = 4). Dorsals and supraalar as in Figure 10E. Respiratory organ ( Figures 9A–D) length 0.21–0.23 (0.22, n = 4) mm, width 0.02–0.04 (0.03, n = 4) mm; pedicel length 0.04 (n = 4) mm, P/RO 0.15–0.17 (0.16, n = 4). Cephalothorax length 0.75–0.76 (0.76, n = 4) mm, width 0.51–0.57 (0.54 n = 4) mm. Clypeal/labral sensilla and ocular sensilla as in Figure 10F. Segment 4 with sensillar pattern as in Figure 9E,F. Segment 9 ( Figure 9A, G) length 0.180 –0.192 (0.189, n = 4) mm, width 0.18–0.22 (0.20, n = 4) mm; terminal process ( Figure 9G) length 0.04–0.06 (0.05, n = 4) mm.

Distribution ( Figure 22 View Figure 22 )

Argentina (Salta, Catamarca, Mendoza, La Pampa, Neuquen, Río Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz) .

Type material

Holotype male (with pupal exuviae), allotype female (with pupal exuviae), Argentina, Neuquen prov., lago Ramos Mexia , 2 December 1993, F. Kaisin ( MLPA).

Paratypes, 36 males, 45 females, as follows: same data as holotype 1 female. Salta prov., Angastaco, río Calchaquí , 23 November 1982, A. L. Estevez , 1 male, 1 female ( MLPA) ; ruta Nac. 51, 35 km southeast San Antonio de los Cobres , 20 March 2005, G. Spinelli , 1 male, sweep net ( MLPA) ; San Antonio de los Cobres , 3/ 7 November 2006, N. Furlan , 1 male, 1 female, at ligth ( MLPA) ; same data except 13/ 20 November 2006 , 1 female ( MLPA) . Catamarca prov., escuela La Aguadita, salar del Hombre Muerto , 19 March 2005, G. Spinelli , 1 male, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) . Mendoza prov., ciudad Mendoza, Zoológico , May 1997, S. Roig , 2 males ( MLPA) ; 53 km west Bardas Blancas , 20 February 2001, 1850 m, G. Spinelli , 1 male, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) . La Pampa prov., Casa de Piedra, Dique , 38°09′46.8″ S, 67°09′08,1″ W, 276 m, 18 November 2009, Díaz-Lozano GoogleMaps , 1 male, 1 female (with pupal exuviae) ( MLPA) , 1 male, 1 female (with pupal exuviae) ( BMNH) , 1 female (with pupal exuviae) ( USNM) , 1 male, 1 female (with pupal exuviae) ( CNCI) . Neuquen prov., 40 km SO laguna del Burro , 16 December 1996, G. Spinelli , 2 males, 4 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; río Malleo y salida Primeros Pinos , 7 February 1986, G. Spinelli , 1 male, sweep net ( MLPA) . Río Negro prov., Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Manso , 1 February 1998, G. Spinelli , 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Manso, 41°14′08.1″ S, 71°46′58.5″ W, 845 m, 7 February / 2 March 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca GoogleMaps , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; General Conesa , December 1993, G. Spinelli , 4 males, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; meseta de Somuncurá, estancia El Rincón , 27 November 1995, G. Spinelli , 1 male, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; same data except December 1995 , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 28/ 29 January 1999, P. Marino , 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; same data except 40°59′24.1″ S, 66°40′35.7″ W, 620 m, 4 December 2006, M. Donato GoogleMaps , 2 males, 6 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; ruta Prov. 33 aprox. 13 km Clemente Onelli, 4 February 1998, P. Marino , 2 males, sweep net ( MLPA) ; meseta de Somuncurá , Comi-Co, arroyo Comi-Co, 31 January 2001, P. Marino , 3 males, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; meseta de Somuncurá, 18 km south, Pailemán , 10 December 2005, G. Spinelli , 1 male, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Chipauquil ( Pueblo ), 40°57′41.1″ S, 66°38′20.8″ W, 481 m, 3 December 2006, G. Spinelli GoogleMaps , 2 males, sweep net ( MLPA) ; same data except ( Puesto Policial ), 4 December 2006 , 3 females ( MLPA) ; 5 km northwest Paraje Chasicó , 7 December 2006, G. Spinelli , 2 males, sweep net ( MLPA) . Chubut prov., 45 km southwest Paso del Sapo , 27 February 2001,G. Spinelli , 4 females, ( MLPA) ; 16 km southwest Paso del Sapo , 28 February 2001, G. Spinelli , 2 females, ( MLPA) ; Paso del Sapo , 27/ 28 February 2001, G. Spinelli , 2 males, 3 females, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; meseta de Sierra Cuadrada, estancia Don Eduardo , 1 December 1996, G. Spinelli , 1 male, at light ( MLPA) ; same data except 1/ 2 December 1996, G. Spinelli , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; arroyo s/n, ruta Nac. 40, 44°49′07.9″ S, 70°07′ 4.43″ W, 520 m, 26 February 2009, G. Spinelli GoogleMaps , 2 males, 3 females ( MLPA) , 1 male ( USNM) ; ruta Prov. 12., 42°38′57.4″ S, 70°19′08.5″ W, 420 m, 26 February 2009, G. Spinelli GoogleMaps , 3 males, 2 females ( MLPA) . Santa Cruz prov., ruta Prov. 12, aprox. 15 km south Pico Truncado, 46°52′7.81″ S, 68°05′23.5″ W, 150 m, 23 February 2009, G. Spinelli GoogleMaps , 2 females ( MLPA) .

Material examined by scanning electron microscopy

La Pampa prov., Casa de Piedra, Dique , 38°09′46,8″ S, 67°09′08,1″ W, 276 m, 18 November 2009, Díaz-Lozano, 1 pupa male GoogleMaps .

Etymology

The specific epithet is in reference to the fact that the specimen here designated as the holotype male of D.pseudolacustris was misidentified by Spinelli and Ronderos (1987) as Dasyhelea lacustris .

Phylogenetic relationships

Dasyhelea pseudolacustris is the sister species of the polytomy formed by D. andensis , D. carlae , D. lacustris and D.macfiei . The clade ( Dasyhelea pseudolacustris ( D. andensis , D. carlae , D. lacustris and D.macfiei )) is supported by the characters “shape of posterolateral arms of female subgenital plate” [character28 (0)].

Remarks

The pupa of D. pseudolacustris is very similar to D. serrana . The latter species differs by the exuviae yellowish, dorsal apotome sensilla stout and rounded tubercle of dorsal apotome without strong spicules, respiratory organ with 6–7 apical and 5–6 lateral pores, sensilla of segment 4 shorter than those of D.pseudolacustris and ventral surface of segment 9 with anterior band of spinules.