Poecilovitila, Papp, László, 2011

Papp, László, 2011, Oriental Teratomyzidae (Diptera: Schizophora), Zootaxa 2916, pp. 1-34 : 11

Poecilovitila gen. nov.

( Figs 9–110 , 112–123 )

Type species: Poecilovitila elegans sp. nov., by present designation.

Gender: feminine.

Etymology. The name of the new genus is a combination of ‘poecile’ [pictured] and the name of its related genus in Australia.

Diagnosis. Frons shining, without stripes. Head with a pair of vertical calli. First flagellomere elongate in a number of species, with scape sometimes also elongate. Wing shining, mostly dark with a clear “window” distally to apex of R2+3 below costa ( Figs 112–121 ). Only 1 pair of katepisternal setae. Male ejaculatory apodeme (e.g. Figs 34 , 49 ) without a large sagittal ridge and distal part usually less broad. Female with 2 large spherical or ovoid spermathecae. 0.14 x 0.12 mm; sclerotised part of duct thick, short and structured, e.g. spinulose ( Figs 80–83 ).

Description. Head. Frons shining without stripes. First flagellomere elongate in a number of species, with scape sometimes also elongate. Palpus reduced, no (post)frontal setae but 1 strong fronto-orbital pair.

Thorax. Subscutellum small (i.e. very narrow), two pairs of dorsocentral setae, no anepisternal or anepimeral seta. Legs with mid tibial spur only. Pretarsal structures (cf. McAlpine & Keyzer 1994: figs 16–17, 28, 34–35, 42– 43) different from those of Vitila: empodium thin with thin sparse cilia, pulvilli with small central plate and numerous (usually bifid) lateral and ventral cilia. Claws with small and not particularly sharp teeth on inner ventral edge. Wings patterned ( Figs 112–121 ), shining, mostly dark with a clear “window” distally to apex of R2+3 below costa. Vein R 2+3 approximated to costa, at least medially, and sometimes thickened. No alula.

Male abdomen and genitalia (based mainly on those of P. elegans , see Figs 122-123 ). Six large normal, ventrally curved abdominal tergites, sternites 1 to 6 weakly sclerotised. Postabdomen largely symmetrical (except for phallus). Tergite and sternite 7 form a very short ring with a right subventral-sublateral broader extension; left extension asymmetrical to the right one and more membranous. Sternite 8 present dorsally; also pair of lateral less sclerotised small sclerites discernible, in some species connected by a membrane ventrally. Cerci large and sublateral, anal opening large. Subepandrial sclerite symmetrical and strongly modified: with short broad sclerite (nearly as broad as epandrium) under caudal edge of epandrium with a short process that connects to one pair of large, broad horizontal plates (there connected to cerci only as membrane) at the level of the surstylar bases, where it is strongly connected to the caudal base of the surstyli. Hypandrium small wide U-shaped, connecting dorsal process to epandrium; and not fused to postgonites. Pregonites ( Fig. 122 : PrG) subdivided with a broad bare, dorsal and a setose narrowing ventral part. Postgonites ( Fig 122 : PG) sometimes small but always present lateral to basiphallus. Surstylus large with lateral (outer) wall setose, and inner wall partial (apical). Surstylus with broad base, and apically or posterodorsally with short thick black teeth (pegs). Phallus ( Fig. 123 ) very broad at base, with wide Ushaped basiphallus (in dorsal/ventral view), also an epiphallus of specific shape present. Proximal (longer) part of distiphallus, we may name it as mesophallus ( Fig. 123 : mPh), composed of two asymmetrical ribbons of uneven width, similar to that of Suillia males ( Heleomyzidae ). Distiphallus ( Fig. 123 : dPh) entirely asymmetrical, dark and strongly sclerotised. Phallapodeme ( Fig. 122 : PhA) Y-shaped, comparatively small. Male ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 123 : EA and e.g. Figs 72–73 , 106 ) large, more or less spoon-shaped, distal (free) end cornet-shaped, basal end (continued in ejaculatory duct) curved and more or less flattened and broadened.

Female with 2 large ovoid spermathecae of 0.14 * 0.12 mm or even smaller. Sclerotized part of duct thick short and structured ( Figs 81-84 ). Eggs ( Figs 101–102 ) extremely large, 0.66 mm long. Considering the size of abdomen (1.1–1.2 mm long) and the space inside, only a limited number of eggs is to be ripen synchronously, and so must ripen continuously (a limited number laid synchronously).

Remarks. Griffiths (1972: p. 119) made figures on the male genitalia of an undescribed species from Nepal. Female characters are mentioned below only exceptionally, but most females can be identified through the key below (particularly for those species with autapomorphic wings ( Figs 112–121 )).

The eleven species described below is only a small part of the extant species of Poecilovitila (cf. McAlpine & Keyzer 1994), and for this reason I feel a phylogenetic analysis as premature.

Figures

FIGURES 9 – 13. Teratomyza spp., male postabdomen and genitalia. 9 – 11 = Teratomyza chinica Yang Chikun, 199 [8]: 9 = pregenital sclerites, incl. syntergosternite, ventral view, 10 = epandrium, surstyli, cerci and subepandrial sclerite (dotted), subventral (anterior) view, 11 = surstylus, broadest extension (sublateral view). 12 – 13 = T. formosana sp. n.: 12 = epandrium, surstyli, cerci and subepandrial sclerite (dotted), subventral (anterior) view, 13 = surstylus, broadest extension (sublateral view). Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 9 – 10, 12, 0.1 mm for Figs 11, 13.

FIGURES 14 – 20. = Teratomyza chinica Yang Chikun, 199 [8], male genitalia. 14 = ejaculatory apodeme, dorsal view, 15 = same, lateral view, 16 = phallapodeme, dorsal view, 17 = pregonite, lateral view, 18 = pregonite with hypandrium and phallapodeme, lateral view, 19 = postgonite, widest (nearly lateral) view, 20 = epiphallus and postgonite, caudal view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 15, 18, 0.1 mm for Figs 14, 16 – 17, 19 – 20.

FIGURES 21 – 27. Teratomyza formosana sp. n., male postabdomen and genitalia. 21 = pregenital sclerites, incl. syntergosternite, ventral view, 22 = ejaculatory apodeme, lateral view, 23 = same, dorsal view, 24 = pregonite, broadest extension (nearly lateral view), 25 = phallapodeme, dorsal view, 26 = postgonite, lateral view, 27 = epiphallus, caudal view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 21 – 22, 0.1 mm for Figs 23 – 27.

FIGURES 28 – 31. Teratomyza species, female genitalia. 28 – 29 = T. chinica Yang Chikun: 28 = sternite 8, 29 = spermatheca. 30 – 31 = T. formosana sp. n.: 30 = sternite 8, 31 = spermatheca. Scale: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 32 – 40. Poecilovitila barbata sp. n., male genitalia. 32 = pregonite, lateral view, 33 = subepandrial sclerite with contours of epandrium, surstyli and cerci, ventral view, 34 = ejaculatory apodeme, lateral view, 35 = surstylus, broadest inner (medial) view, 36 = apical part of surstylus in higher magnification, same view, 37 = ejaculatory apodeme, dorsal view, 38 = phallapodeme, dorsal view, 39 = postgonite, broadest extension, 40 = epiphallus and left postgonite, caudal view with right postgonite in a view between lateral and caudal. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 33 – 35, 0.1 mm for Figs 32, 36 – 40.

FIGURES 41 – 47. Poecilovitila brevicornis sp. n., male genitalia. 41 = subepandrial sclerite with contours of epandrium and surstyli, anterior subventral view, 42 = surstylus, broadest inner (medial) view, 43 = hypandrium, basiphallus and phallapodeme, dorsal view (pre- and postgonites omitted, the pair of connecting sclerites to pregonites dashed), 44 = pregonite with hypandrium, lateral view, 45 = postgonite, caudal view, 46 = same, true lateral view, 47 = ejaculatory apodeme, lateral view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Fig. 41, 0.1 mm for Figs 42 – 47.

FIGURES 48 – 55. Poecilovitila bulbiscapus sp. n., male genitalia. 48 = ejaculatory apodeme, dorsal view, 49 = same, lateral view, 50 = pregonite and postgonite with hypandrium, lateral view, 51 = phallapodeme, lateral view, 52 = surstylus, broadest inner (medial) view, 53 = apical part of surstylus in higher magnification, same view, 54 = epiphallus in caudal view with postgonites in two different caudal-subcaudal view, 55 = right half of outer genitalia with subepandrial sclerite, ventral view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 49, 52, 55, 0.1 mm for Figs 48, 50 – 51, 53 – 54.

FIGURES 56 – 60. Poecilovitila defecta sp. n., male genitalia. 56 = ventral part of syntergosternite, subcaudal view, 57 = surstylus, broadest inner (medial) view, 58 = apical half of surstylus in higher magnification, same view, 59 = pregonite, lateral view, 60 = ejaculatory apodeme, dorsal view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 56 – 57, 0.1 mm for Figs 58 – 60.

FIGURES 68 – 75. P. erugata sp. n., male genitalia. 68 = surstylus, broadest inner (medial) view, 69 = apical part of surstylus in higher magnification, same view, 70 = subepandrial sclerite with contours of surstyli and cerci, in ventral view, 71 = phallapodeme, dorsal view, 72 = ejaculatory apodeme, lateral view, 73 = same, dorsal view, 74 = epiphallus and postgonites, caudal view, 75 = pregonite with hypandrium, lateral view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 68, 70, 72, 0.1 mm for Figs 69, 71, 73 – 75.

FIGURES 76 – 84. Poecilovitila spp., female postabdomen and spermathecae. 76 – 79 = sternite 8: 76 = P. b a r b a t a sp. n., 77 = P. elegans sp. n., 78 = P. t h a i i sp. n., 79 = P. hindustanica sp. n. 80 = P. elegans sp. n., postabdomen in caudal view (no epiproct!). 81 – 84 = spermathecae: 81 = P. elegans sp. n., 82 = P. t h a i i sp. n., 83 = P. b a r b a t a sp. n., 84 = P. hindustanica sp. n., holotype. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 76 – 80, 0.1 mm for Figs 81 – 84.

FIGURES 85 – 92. Poecilovitila japonica sp. n., male genitalia. 85 = outer genitalia, in caudal view, 86 = phallapodeme, dorsal view, 87 = subepandrial sclerite with contours of surstyli and cerci, ventral view, 88 = ejaculatory apodeme, lateral view, 89 = surstylus, in broadest inner (medial) view, 90 = ejaculatory apodeme, dorsal view, 91 = pregonite with hypandrium, lateral view, 92 = epiphallus and postgonites, caudal view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 85, 87 – 88, 0.1 mm for Figs 86, 89 – 92.

FIGURES 93 – 102. Poecilovitila thaii sp. n., male genitalia and egg. 93 = surstylus, broadest inner (medial) view, 94 = apical part of surstylus in higher magnification, same view, 95 = phallapodeme, dorsal view, 96 = epandrium and cerci with bases of surstyli, inner (anterior) view, 97 = ejaculatory apodeme, dorsal view, 98 = same, lateral view, 99 = postgonite in caudal view, 100 = pregonite and postgonite in lateral view, 101 = egg in lateral view, 102 = chorion of egg in high magnification. Scales: 0.4 mm for Fig. 101, 0.2 mm for Figs 93, 96, 98, 0.1 mm for Figs 94 – 95, 97, 99 – 100, 102.

FIGURES 103 – 110. Poecilovitila variegata sp. n., male postabdomen and genitalia. 103 = postabdomen and genitalia, 104 = surstylus, broadest inner (medial) view, 105 = medial half of surstylus in higher magnification, same view, 106 = ejaculatory apodeme, dorsal view, 107 = phallapodeme, dorsal view, 108 = pregonite, broadest inner (medial) view, 109 = contours of postabdomen and epandrium, dorsal view, 110 = postgonite, broadest (a sublateral) view. Scales: 0.2 mm for Figs 103 – 104, 106, 0.1 mm for Figs 105, 107 – 110.

FIGURES 111 – 113. Wings of Teratomyzidae new species. 111 = Teratomyza formosana sp. nov.; 112 = Poecilovitila barbata sp. nov.; 113 = P. brevicornis sp. nov. Scales: 1.0 mm each.

FIGURES 114 – 117. Wings of Poecilovitila new species. 114 = P. bulbiscapus sp. nov., 115 = P. erugata sp. nov.; 116 = P. elegans sp. nov., 117 = P. hindustanica sp. nov., holotype female. Scales: 1.0 mm each.

FIGURES 118 – 121. Wings of Poecilovitila new species. 118 = P. japonica sp. nov.; 119 = P. taiwanica sp. nov., holotype female; 120 = P. thaii sp. nov.; 121 = P. variegata sp. nov. Scales: 1.0 mm each.

FIGURES 122 – 123. Poecilovitila elegans sp. n., male postabdomen and genitalia. 122 = postabdomen with genitalia, lateral view; 123 = phallus, ventral view (C: cercus, EA: ejaculatory apodeme, PhA: phallapodeme (shaded), bPh: basiphallus, mPh: mesophallus, dPh: distiphallus, PrG: pregonite (shaded), PG: postgonite, SUR: surstylus, TS: synsclerite). Scale: 0.2 mm.