Russelliana vinculipennis Burckhardt, 1987

Serbina, Liliya & Burckhardt, Daniel, 2017, Systematics, biogeography and host-plant relationships of the Neotropical jumping plant-louse genus Russelliana (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), Zootaxa 4266 (1), pp. 1-114 : 55-61

Russelliana vinculipennis Burckhardt, 1987

( Figs 10 K, 15F, 20E, 25E, 29E, 34C)

Russelliana vinculipennis Burckhardt, 1987: 377 .

Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♂: Argentina: Province Jujuy, Iturbe , 31.xii.1984 (L. E. Peña) ( MHNG, dry) . Paratypes: Argentina : 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same as holotype (L. E. Peña) ( MHNG, dry, on slide). Bolivia : 2 ♂, 9 ♀, Department Chuquisaca, Province Nor Cinti , Lecori, S Potosi, 3200 m, 26–27.xii.1984 (L. E. Peña) ( MHNG, NHMB, dry, on slide).

Description. Coloration. Head including genal processes pale yellow, genal processes with dark tips, vertex with variable orange pattern or entirely yellow; clypeus brown. Eyes yellow to brown, ocelli orange to red. Antenna dirty yellow, segments 3–8 with brown apices, segments 9–10 entirely dark brown. Pronotum of the same colour as vertex, often with yellow to orange patch in the middle; mesopraescutum pale yellow, with two yellow to orange patches along the fore margin and two yellow to orange transverse stripes posteriorly; mesoscutum pale yellow with four broad and, in the middle, one narrow yellow to orange longitudinal stripes; mesoscutellum pale yellow along the margin, yellow to orange in the middle. Metanotum yellow to brown. Forewing with brown veins and colourless membrane consisting of dark brown pattern of patch along vein Cu1b and scattered dots covering most of the membrane, sometimes forming distinct transverse band stretching from apical part of costal vein to apex of vein Cu1a, leaving light areas in cells r2, m1 and m2 along the margin. Legs yellow to brownish, with darker femora and distal tarsal segments, meracanthus of metacoxa yellow. Abdomen and terminalia brown to dark brown. Females often with abdomen lighter ventrally.

Structure. Head, in profile, moderately to strongly inclined from longitudinal axis of body (45–90°). Vertex subtrapezoidal, anteriorly produced into transverse lobe on either side of mid-line, with raised hind margin around lateral ocelli, covered with short setae; genal processes conical, slender, subacute apically, shorter than vertex, covered with moderately long setae. Pronotum with two pronounced lateral tubercles on either side. Forewing oblong-oval, broadly, unevenly rounded apically; vein C+Sc weakly curved, pterostigma long, vein Rs almost straight apically; vein M about as long as either of veins M1+2 and M3+4; surface spinules present in all cells, leaving no spinule-free stripes along the veins, densely and irregularly spaced, less developed on unpigmented areas; absent in cell c+sc except for a group of spinules in the middle, sometimes covering entire cell; radular spinules covering rounded areas along the margin of cells r2, m1, m2 and cu1. Metatibia with 6–9 apical spurs.

Terminalia. Male. Proctiger tubular; sparsely covered with moderately long setae. Subgenital plate short, subglobular; with sparsely spaced moderately long setae. Paramere narrowly lamellar, convex apically, posterior margin straight; with hook-shaped apico-anterior process on pedicel and apically sclerotised median tooth; outer face sparsely covered with moderately long setae mostly in apical half, inner face sparsely covered with moderately long setae. Distal segment of aedeagus elongate, weakly expanding towards apex; with short beak-like anterior process and two small apico-posterior tubercles; lateral lobes moderately long, slightly dilated towards apex which is slightly concave.—Female. Proctiger cuneate, subacute apically; dorsal margin, in profile, slightly convex in apical half; densely covered with moderately long setae. Subgenital plate cuneate, with short apical process; sparsely covered with moderately long setae, dorsal margin with a row of bristles.

Host-plant. Unknown.

Distribution. Reported from Argentina (Jujuy), Bolivia (Chuquisaca) ( Burckhardt 1987).

Comments. Russelliana vinculipennis resembles R. mendozae , monticola and setosa , see comments under R. mendozae . R. vinculipennis differs from the three species in the presence of surface spinules in the apical part of the forewing membrane, a shorter anterior process of the distal segment of the aedeagus, and a shorter apical process of the female subgenital plate. It differs from R. mendozae and R. monticola in a more extensive forewing pattern mainly in its apical two thirds, from R. monticola and R. setosa in the absence of a median hump of the paramere, and from R. setosa in less dense and shorter setae on the female terminalia.

Russelliana viscosae sp. nov.

( Figs 10 L, 15G, 20F, 25F, 29F, 34D)

Material examined. Holotype ♂: Chile: IV Region, Province Elqui , Coquimbo, 15–25 km S Vicuña, 30°15'S 70°40'W, 1300–1700 m, 14.xii.1993, Fabiana viscosa , steppe (D. Burckhardt) #33 ( MHNG, dry).

Paratypes: Chile: 1 ♀, IV Region, Province Elqui , Coquimbo, 5 miles N of Laguna Dam, 2438 m, 6.xii.1950 (E. S. Ross & A. E. Michelbacher) ( CASC, dry) ; 3 ♂, 2 ♀, same as holotype (D. Burckhardt) #33 (MHNG, NHMB, dry, on slide).

Description. Coloration. General colour of body green-yellow to bright yellow. Head including genal processes and clypeus pale yellow. Eyes yellow to greyish, ocelli yellow to red. Antenna pale to dirty yellow, segments 3–7 brownish apically, segment 8 with brown apex, segments 9–10 entirely dark brown. Pronotum of the same colour as vertex, distinctly paler than mesonotum; mesopraescutum green-yellow to bright yellow, sometimes with two distinct orange to brownish patches along the fore margin; mesoscutum green-yellow to bright yellow, sometimes with distinct four broad orange longitudinal stripes; mesoscutellum green-yellow to bright yellow. Metanotum green-yellow to bright yellow. Legs pale yellow, sometimes with slightly darker distal tarsal segments, meracanthus of metacoxa green-yellow to bright yellow. Forewing with yellow veins and semitransparent, evenly yellow membrane. Abdomen and terminalia green-yellow to bright yellow. Female proctiger darker in apical third, subgenital plate with dark apex.

Structure. Head, in profile, inclined from longitudinal body axis at 45°. Vertex trapezoidal, flat with indented foveae, anteriorly produced into transverse lobe on either side of mid-line, hind margin around lateral ocelli not raised, covered with microscopical setae; genal processes conical, slightly swollen, subacute apically, twice shorter than vertex, covered with short setae. Pronotum with two relatively pronounced lateral tubercles on either side. Forewing oviform; vein C+Sc strongly curved in the middle, pterostigma long, vein Rs straight apically; vein M slightly longer than either of veins M1+2 and M3+4; surface spinules absent; densely and irregularly spaced in cell c+sc except for base and apex; radular spinules covering rounded areas along the margin of cells r2, m1, m2 and cu1. Metatibia with 7–8 apical spurs.

Terminalia. Male. Proctiger tubular; densely covered with relatively short setae. Subgenital plate relatively elongate; with sparsely spaced moderately long setae. Paramere broadly lamellar, almost straight or weakly sinuous posteriorly; with short apico-anterior process lacking pedicel and apically sclerotised median tooth; outer face densely covered with short setae mostly in posterior part, inner face densely, evenly covered with short setae. Distal segment of aedeagus massive, broadly, unevenly expanding towards apex, strongly inflated anteriorly, concave apically; with one horn-shaped apico-posterior tubercle; lateral lobes short, with entire apical margin.—Female. Proctiger cuneate, subacute apically; dorsal margin, in profile, convex, strongly indented subapically; densely covered with long setae. Subgenital plate subglobular, with moderately long apical process; densely covered with long setae, dorsal margin with few bristles.

Host-plant. Adults were collected on Fabiana viscosa Hook. & Arn. (Solanaceae) which is a likely host.

Distribution. Chile (IV Region).

Derivation of name. Named after its likely host Fabiana viscosa .

Comments. Russelliana viscosae resembles R. fabianae ; see comments under R. fabianae . R. viscosae differs from R. fabianae in a shorter antenna and the absence of surface spinules in the apical part of the forewing membrane.

Russelliana xantha sp. nov.

( Figs 10 M, 15H, 20G, 25G, 29G, 34E)

Russelliana intermedia, Burckhardt et al. (2012): 76 , table 1 (in part.), nec Burckhardt, 1987.

Material examined. Holotype ♂: Chile: V Region, V Region, San Felipe de Aconcagua , Putaendo , San Felipe area, Cerro Hormigas, 32°43.3'S 70°43.3'W, 720 m, 4.iii.2009, Baccharis salicina [ Baccharis marginalis ], Acacia caven scrub with dried grass (D. Burckhardt) #10(1) ( NHMB, dry).

Paratypes: Chile: 10 ♂, 21 ♀, 1 immature, III Region, Province Huasco, Huasco , 28°27'S 71°05'W, 50 m, 13.xii.1993, Baccharis sp., river estuary with dense scrub (D. Burckhardt) #31 ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♀, IV Region, Province Choapa, Los Vilos , 31°54'S 71°31'W, 0 m, 2.xii.1993, Baccharis sp., coastal vegetation (D. Burckhardt) #2 ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♀, same but Province Elqui , Coquimbo, 20 miles E of La Serena, 3.xii.1950 (E. S. Ross & A. E. Michelbacher) ( CASC, dry) ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, same but 5 miles N of Laguna Dam, 2438 m, 6.xii.1950 (E. S. Ross & A. E. Michelbacher) ( CASC, dry) ; 2 ♂, 5 ♀, 1 immature, same but 5 miles W of La Junta , 7.xii.1950 (E. S. Ross & A. E. Michelbacher) ( CASC, dry, on slide) ; 20 ♂, 23 ♀, 4 immatures, same but Chapilca to Guanta , ca 100 km E La Serena, 29°50'S 70°30'W, 1100 m, 3.xii.1993, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea marginalis ], dry quebrada with some scattered shrubs (D. Burckhardt) #3 ( BMNH, MHNG, dry) ; 20 ♂, 19 ♀, 7 immatures, same but below Juntas , ca 150 km E La Serena, 29°57'S 70°06'W, 1900 m, Baccharis sp., dry quebrada with Baccharis scrub along river (D. Burckhardt) #5 ( MHNG, dry) ; 4 ♂, 11 ♀, same but 15 km SW Viñita Baja , 29°50'S 70°50'W, 450 m, 4.xii.1993, Baccharis sp., quebrada with sparse scrub (D. Burckhardt) #6 ( MHNG, dry) ; 13 ♂, 14 ♀, same but 15 km E Vicuña , 30°10'S 70°40'W, 850 m, 5.xii.1993, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea marginalis ], river bed with Baccharis and dry slope with small shrubs (D. Burckhardt) #10 ( MHNG, NHMB, dry) ; 1 ♂, 20 ♀, Panamericana km 550, 85 km N La Serena, 29°25'S 71°10'W, 200 m, 6.xii.1993, Baccharis linearis , steppe (D. Burckhardt) #12 ( MHNG, dry) ; 6 ♂, 11 ♀, same but 5–25 km S Vicuña , 30°15'S 70°40'W, 1300–1700 m, 14.xii.1993, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea marginalis ] (D. Burckhardt) #33 ( MHNG, dry) ; 33 ♂, 35 ♀, 2 immatures, same but Baccharis sp. (D. Burckhardt) #33 (MHNG, dry); 14 ♂, 13 ♀, 6 immatures, 2 immature skins, same but 16 km N Chapilca, nr Río Turbio, road to Llanos de Huanta , ca 80 km E La Serena, 1100 m, 17.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., very dry quebrada with some scattered shrubs, mainly Baccharis and Prosopis tamarugo trees, with grass along the river (D. Burckhardt) #2(1) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 4 ♂, 13 ♀, 2 immatures, 1 immature skin, same but 20 km W Vicuña, nr Río Elqui , 500 m, 18.xii.1995, Baccharis spp., river bed with Salix and Baccharis shrubs (D. Burckhardt) #6(1) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 29 ♂, 32 ♀, same but ca 40 km E La Serena , 5 km SW Viñita Baja, 450 m, 19.xii.1995, Baccharis spp., quebrada (D. Burckhardt) #9(1) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 2 ♀, same but ca 50 km NE La Serena, Almte Latorre , 1000 m, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea marginalis ] (D. Burckhardt) #11(1) ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♂, 11 ♀, same but Río Claro Valley, Alcohuaz , 1700 m, 20.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., semidesert (D. Burckhardt) #14(1) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 7 ♀, same but Elqui Valley, nr Rivadavia , 750 m, Baccharis sp., semidesert with Baccharis shrubs and scattered trees in lowest part (D. Burckhardt) #12(7) ( MHNG, dry) ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, same but La Herradura , 100 m, 21.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., sparse scrub nr sea shore (D. Burckhardt) #15(1) ( MHNG, dry) ; 6 ♂, 5 ♀, same but Province Limarí, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge, Alto de Talinay , 30°40'S 71°41'W, 550 m, 6–7.xii.1990, Baccharis spp., mediterranean scrub (D. Agosti & D. Burckhardt) #1b ( MHNG, dry) ; 3 ♂, 15 ♀, same but area between Quebrada Las Vacas, " Administración " and Río Limarí , 250 m, 7–9.xii.1990, Baccharis linearis , open mediterranean scrub (D. Agosti & D. Burckhardt) #2 ( MHNG, dry) ; 5 ♂, 2 ♀, 2 immatures, same but Baccharis paniculata [ Neomolina paniculata ] (D. Agosti & D. Burckhardt) #2 (MHNG, dry); 42 ♂, 39 ♀, same but Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea viscosa ] (D. Agosti & D. Burckhardt) #2 (MHNG, dry); 2 ♂, 12 ♀, same but Alto de Talinay , 30°40'S 71°41'W, 500 m, 15.xii.1992, Baccharis paniculata [ Neomolina paniculata ], sclerophyll forest and mediterranean scrub (D. Burckhardt) #26 ( NHMB, dry) ; 13 ♂, 44 ♀, same but Quebrada La Vaca , 100–200 m, 15–17.xii.1992, Baccharis linearis , mediterranean scrub (D. Burckhardt) #27 ( NHMB, dry) ; 1 ♂, 3 ♀, same but Baccharis paniculata [ Neomolina paniculata ] (D. Burckhardt) #27 (NHMB, dry); 1 ♀, same but nr park entrance gate, 100–150 m, 16.xii.1992, Baccharis paniculata [ Neomolina paniculata ] (D. Burckhardt) #28 (NHMB, dry); 3 ♂, 6 ♀, V Region, Province Los Andes, km 14 Portillo to Río Blanco , Aconcagua Valley , 2100 m, 23.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., subalpine scrub (D. Burckhardt) #19(2) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same but km 10 Portillo to Río Blanco , 2300 m, Baccharis sp., alpine scrub (D. Burckhardt) #18(2) ( MHNG, dry) ; 8 ♂, 22 ♀, 1 immature, same but Portillo to Río Blanco , 1900 m, 24.xii.1998, Baccharis spp., gully with a few shrubs and small trees along river and subalpine scrub (D. Burckhardt) #7(1) ( NHMB, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 6 ♂, 7 ♀, same but El Juncal , 2200 m, Baccharis sp., alpine scrub with low bushes (D. Burckhardt) #6(2) ( NHMB, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Province Petorca, El Guayacán , 20 km E Cabildo, 800 m, 17.v.1993, Baccharis sp., mediterranean scrub (D. Burckhardt) #12(1) ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same but La Viña to Alicahue, E Cabildo to La Ligua , 600 m, 21.xii.1998, Baccharis sp., semidesert, degraded Acacia caven steppe and sclerophyll forest along river (D. Burckhardt) #2(2) ( NHMB, dry) ; 3 ♀, same but Alicahue to Chincolco , 700–1250 m, 21– 26.xii.1998, Baccharis linearis , semidesert and Acacia caven steppe (D. Burckhardt) #3(6) ( NHMB, dry) ; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Baccharis sp. (D. Burckhardt) #3(9) (NHMB, dry); 3 ♀, same but Province San Felipe de Aconcagua, Putaendo, 10 km N San Felipe, along river Putaendo , 700 m, 17.v.1993, Baccharis salicina [ Baccharis salicifolia ], river bed with open bushy vegetation (D. Burckhardt) #10(1, 2) ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♂, 13 ♀, 1 immature, same but Los Patos , 35 km N San Felipe, 100 m, Baccharis salicina [ Baccharis salicifolia ], mediterranean scrub (D. Burckhardt) #11(2) ( MHNG, dry) ; 14 ♂, 10 ♀, 3 immatures, same but Putaendo , 10 km N San Felipe, 32°37'S 70°42'W, 700 m, 26.xii.1993, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea marginalis ], river bed, quebrada vegetation (D. Burckhardt) #35 ( MHNG, dry) ; 2 ♂, 5 ♀, same but 15 km E Llay-Llay , 32°52'S 70°51'W, 600 m, 28.xii.1993, Baccharis sp., Acacia caven steppe (D. Burckhardt) #39 ( MHNG, dry) ; 11 ♂, 18 ♀, 5 immatures, 1 immature skin, same but 10 km N San Felipe , 700 m, 15.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., river bed, quebrada vegetation (D. Burckhardt) #1(3) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 5 ♂, 4 ♀, same but El Tártaro, 20 km N San Felipe, Putaendo Valley , 1100 m, 24.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., Acacia caven steppe (D. Burckhardt) #23(6) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Putaendo , 10 km N San Felipe, 700 m, 27.xii.1995, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea marginalis ], river bed, quebrada vegetation (D. Burckhardt) #27(1) ( NHMB, dry) ; 2 ♂, 3 ♀, 1 immature, same but 8 km N San Felipe, 12– 13.i.1997, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea salicifolia ], dry river bed of Río Aconcagua , quebrada vegetation (D.

Burckhardt ) #4(3) ( MHNG, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♂, 10 ♀, same but El Asiento , 10 km NW San Felipe, 900 m, 13– 20.i.1997, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea salicifolia ], mediterranean scrub (D. Burckhardt) #5(1, 3) ( MHNG, NHMB, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 4 ♂, 12 ♀, same but Termas de Jahuel , 1000 m, 21.i.1997, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea salicifolia ], Acacia caven steppe with some planted exotic trees (D. Burckhardt) #17(5) ( MHNG, 70 % ethanol) ; 2 ♂, 7 ♀, same but 1000–1100 m, 27.xii.1998, Baccharis linearis (D. Burckhardt) #8(5) (NHMB, dry); 15 ♂, 26 ♀, 4 immatures, 2 immature skins, same but quebrada nr Jahuel , 900 m, Baccharis linearis , quebrada vegetation (D. Burckhardt) #9(1) ( NHMB, dry, on slide, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♂, 3 ♀, same but km 16 Resguardo de Los Patos to Paso del Rubio , 1600 m, 1.i.1999, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea salicifolia ], Acacia caven steppe (D. Burckhardt) #13(3) ( NHMB, dry) ; 2 ♀, same but km 20 Resguardo de Los Patos to Paso del Rubio , 1800 m, Baccharis linearis , semidesert and subalpine scrub (D. Burckhardt) #11(7) ( NHMB, dry) ; 3 ♂, 2 immatures, same as holotype (NHMB, dry, 70 % ethanol); 8 ♂, 10 ♀, same but Termas de Jahuel , 32°41.1'S 70°35.4'W, 1180 m, Baccharis linearis , Acacia caven steppe with some planted exotic trees (D. Burckhardt) #11(4) ( NHMB, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♀, same but Resguardo de Los Patos , 32°29.2'S 70°33.9'W, 1350 m, 6.iii.2009, Baccharis linearis , Acacia caven scrub (D. Burckhardt) #14(5) ( NHMB, dry) ; 26 ♂, 14 ♀, 5 immatures, same as but Province Quillota , Cuesta la Dormida, 10 km W Tiltil, 33°04'S 71°02'W, 1200 m, 15.xi.1992, Baccharis linearis , sclerophyll scrub on slope (D. Burckhardt) #1 ( NHMB, dry) ; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Fundo Francesco Araya , 5.v.1993, Baccharis salicina [ Baccharis salicifolia ], mediterranean scrub nr plantation (D. Burckhardt) #7(1) ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♀, same but La Palma, Fundo Lothar Neserke , 300 m, 30.xii.1998, Baccharis linearis , Acacia caven steppe and gully with mediterranean sclerophyll forest along very small river (D. Burckhardt) #10b(3) ( NHMB, dry) ; 1 ♀, same but Province Valparaíso, 5 miles N of Concón , 16.xii.1950 (E. S. Ross & A. E. Michelbacher) ( CASC, dry) ; 3 ♂, 6 ♀, same but Embalse Los Aromos, nr Concón , 32°55'S 71°31'W, 100 m, 21.xi.1992, Baccharis linearis , mediterranean scrub (D. Burckhardt) #8 ( NHMB, dry) ; 7 ♂, 10 ♀, same but Baccharis paniculata [ Neomolina paniculata ] (D. Burckhardt) #8 (NHMB, dry); 1 ♀, same but Mantagua, nr Ritoque , 32°53'S 71°30'W, 20 m, Baccharis linearis (D. Burckhardt) #9 ( NHMB, dry) ; 4 ♂, 7 ♀, same but Estero Catapilco, nr Maitencillo , 32°40'S 71°27'W, 50 m, 22.xi.1992, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea salicifolia ], open sclerophyll forest (D. Burckhardt) #10 ( NHMB, dry) ; 1 ♀, Region Metropolitana, Province Chacabuco, Cuesta La Dormida , 7–10 km W Tiltil, 33°04'S 71°02'W, 950–1200 m, 28.xii.1993, Baccharis sp., mediterranean sclerophyll scrub (D. Burckhardt) #41 ( MHNG, dry) ; 5 ♂, 7 ♀, same but Province Maipo, Maipo Valley, Motocoton , 10.i.1985, Baccharis sp. (D. Hollis) ( BMNH, on slide) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Province Santiago, Corral Quemado to Farellones , 1700 m, 19.v.1993, Baccharis sp., open mediterranean scrub (D. Burckhardt) #14(1) ( MHNG, dry) ; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, VI Region, Province Cachapoal, Termas de Cauquenes , 800 m, 10.i.1996, Baccharis linearis , mediterranean sclerophyll scrub (D. Burckhardt) #40(3) ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♂, 7 ♀, same but Province Colchagua, Bellavista, Río Claro , 900 m, 11.i.1996, Baccharis sp., degraded deciduous forest (D. Burckhardt) #42(7) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 5 ♂, 7 ♀, 1 immature, 1 immature skin, same but La Rufina, Río Tinguiririca , 650 m, Baccharis linearis (D. Burckhardt) #41(1) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♀, VII Region, Province Cauquenes, Reserva Nacional Los Ruiles , 25 km NW Cauquenes, 35°49'S 72°32'W, 300–450 m, 26–28.xi.1992, Baccharis neaei , mixed Nothofagus forest (D. Burckhardt) #16 ( NHMB, dry) ; 8 ♂, 8 ♀, same but Province Talca, Armerillo to Las Garzas , Maule Valley, 60–80 km E Talca, 35°45'S 71°00'W, 700 m, 25.xi.1992, Fabiana imbricata , degraded sclerophyll forest and scrub (D. Burckhardt) #14 ( NHMB, dry) ; 7 ♂, 7 ♀, same but Parque Gil de Vilches, Monumento Natural , 35°35'S 71°04'W, 1100 m, 4– 5.i.1994, Baccharis sp., mixed Nothofagus forest (D. Burckhardt) #47 ( MHNG, dry) ; 3 ♂, 7 ♀, same but sendero El Enladrillado, El Venado Valley , 1350–1700 m, 14.i.1996, Baccharis sp. (D. Burckhardt) #45(3) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♂, VIII Region, Province Bío-Bío, Laguna del Laja, sector Meseta del Toro , 1500 m, 20.i.1996, Baccharis sp., Escallonia / Nothofagus antarctica scrub and Nothofagus pumilio forest (D. Burckhardt) #55(7) ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same but Province Concepción, road Concepción to Cabrero , nr junction to Florida, 300 m, 18.i.1996, Baccharis linearis , degraded sclerophyll scrub (D. Burckhardt) #50(1) ( NHMB, dry) ; 4 ♂, 4 ♀, 1 immature skin, same but Province Ñuble, km 10 road Cabrero to Yungay , nr province border, 200 m, Baccharis linearis , sclerophyll scrub (D. Burckhardt) #51(1) ( MHNG, NHMB, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 1 ♀, IX Region, Province Malleco, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta , 37°49'S 73°01'W, 1300 m, 16–17.xii.1990, Baccharis zoellneri ssp. minor , Nothofagus antarctica forest (D. Agosti & D. Burckhardt) #11 ( MHNG, dry) ; 2 ♂, same but 10 km W Termas de Tolhuaca , 1100 m, 23.i.1996, Baccharis sp., deciduous Nothofagus forest (D. Burckhardt) #60(2) ( MHNG, dry) ; 17 ♂, 31 ♀, same but Parque Nacional Tolhuaca , sector Laguna Malleco, 900 m, 23–27.i.1996, Baccharis tricuneata [ Baccharis magellanica ], mixed Nothofagus forest (D. Burckhardt) #61b(5) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 4 ♂, 7 ♀, X Region, Province Osorno, Parque Nacional Puyehue, sector Mirador , Los Mallines , 700 m, 1–3.ii.1996, Baccharis sp., open Nothofagus nitida scrub intergrading into sclerophyll rain forest (D. Burckhardt) #72b(3) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 2 ♂, 6 ♀, 16 immatures, same but Province Valdivia, Monumento Natural Alerce Costero, nr El Mirador , ca 25–30 km W La Unión, 29.xii. 1990, 950 m, Baccharis zoellneri ssp. zoellneri , Baccharis scrub and transition to Nothofagus dombeyi forest (D. Agosti & D. Burckhardt) #24a ( MHNG, dry) ; 5 ♂, 12 ♀, 1 immature, XII Region, Province Última Esperanza, Monumento Natural Cueva del Milodón , 150 m, 11.i.1991, Baccharis mylodontis , open scrub with Nothofagus (D. Burckhardt) #34 ( MHNG, dry).

Additional material. Chile: 15 ♂, 9 ♀, 1 immature, III Region, Province Copiapó, Quebrada de Paipote , 70 km NE Copiapó, 27°09'S 69°54'W, 1800 m, 12.xii.1993, Baccharis sp., quebrada vegetation (D. Burckhardt) #27 ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♀, same but Province Huasco , 85 km S Vallenar, 29°02'S 70°52'W, 1000 m, 13.xii.1993, Baccharis sp. (D. Burckhardt) #32 ( MHNG, dry) ; 5 ♂, 6 ♀, IV Region, Province Elqui, Pisco Elqui, nr Alcohuaz , 20.i.1985, Baccharis sp. (D. Hollis) ( BMNH, on slide) ; 10 ♂, 9 ♀, same but Nueva Elqui to La Laguna, ca 115 km E La Serena, 2600 m, 17.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., scattered shrubs (D. Burckhardt) #5(1) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 11 ♂, 11 ♀, same but La Laguna, ca 120 km E La Serena , 2800–3000 m, Baccharis sp., scattered shrubs (D. Burckhardt) #4(3) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol) ; 4 ♂, 5 ♀, same but 20 km S Vicuña towards Hurtado, nr puente El Pangue , 1600 m, 18.xii.1995, Baccharis sp., semidesert and quebrada with water (D. Burckhardt) #8(1) ( MHNG, dry) ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, same but ca 45 km ENE La Serena, Viñita Baja to Condoriaco , 800–1000 m, 19.xii.1995, Baccharis salicina [ Pingraea marginalis ], quebrada and mountain slope (D. Burckhardt) #10(1) ( MHNG, dry) ; 1 ♂, 3 ♀, V Region, Province Los Andes, 25 km W Portillo, route 60, Aconcagua Valley , 32°50'S 70°08'W, 1900– 2100 m, 1.xii.1993, Baccharis sp., subalpine/alpine scrub (D. Burckhardt) #1 ( MHNG, dry) ; 4 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Portillo , 1800 m, 31.xii.1993, Haplopappus multifolius , alpine scrub (D. Burckhardt) #43 ( MHNG, dry) ; 3 ♂, 2 ♀, 1 immature, same but km 19 Portillo to Río Blanco , 1900 m, 23.xii. 1 995, Baccharis spp., subalpine scrub (D. Burckhardt) #20(5) ( MHNG, dry, 70 % ethanol).

Description. Coloration. General colour of body pale yellow to orange. Head including genal processes pale yellow to orange; clypeus bright yellow to orange. Eyes green-yellow to black, ocelli orange to red. Antenna yellow to pale brownish, segments 3–8 with dark brown apices, segments 9–10 entirely dark brown. Thorax pale yellow to orange, sometimes with indistinct greenish to brownish pattern: mesopraescutum with two patches along the fore margin; mesoscutum with four broad and, in the middle, one narrow longitudinal stripes; mesoscutellum slightly darker in the middle. Forewing with yellow veins and with semitransparent, amber-coloured membrane. Legs pale yellow to orange, meracanthus of metacoxa pale yellow to orange. Abdomen and terminalia pale yellow to orange. Female terminalia with dark apex.

Structure. Head, in profile, strongly inclined from longitudinal body axis at 90°. Vertex subtrapezoidal with indented foveae, anteriorly produced into transverse lobe on either side of mid-line, with slightly raised hind margin around lateral ocelli, covered with microscopical setae; genal processes conical, slender, subacute apically, shorter than vertex, covered with moderately long setae. Pronotum with one pronounced lateral and one relatively shallow sublateral tubercles on either side. Forewing oblong-oval, broadly, unevenly rounded apically; vein C+Sc weakly curved, pterostigma long, vein Rs straight or weakly sinuous, almost straight apically; vein M about as long as either of veins M1+2 and M3+4; surface spinules faint, present in all cells, leaving narrow to broad spinule-free stripes along the veins, sparsely spaced, forming indistinct hexagons in apical half, sometimes spinules entirely reduced in apical half of the wing; absent at least at base of cell c+sc; radular spinules covering triangular areas along the margin of cells r2, m1, m2 and cu1. Metatibia with 7–8 apical spurs.

Terminalia. Male. Proctiger tubular; sparsely covered with moderately long setae in apical and posterior part. Subgenital plate short, subglobular; with sparsely spaced moderately long setae. Paramere narrowly lamellar, irregularly rounded apically; with long hook-shaped apico-anterior process on very short pedicel and lobe with apically sclerotised median tooth; lobe situated exterior to process; outer face sparsely covered with moderately long setae mostly in apical part, inner face densely, evenly covered with moderately long setae. Distal segment of aedeagus moderately elongate, weakly expanding towards apex; with short beak-like anterior process and one horn-shaped apico-posterior tubercle; lateral lobes long, slightly dilated towards apex which is concave.—Female. Proctiger subglobular, pointed apically; dorsal margin, in profile, strongly bent downwards; densely covered with moderately long setae in apical half. Subgenital plate cuneate, with short apical process; relatively densely covered with moderately long setae, dorsal margin with a row of bristles.

Host-plants. Baccharis linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. , B. mylodontis F.H.Hellw. , B. neaei DC., B. paniculata DC., B. salicina Torr. & A.Gray , B. tricuneata (L.f.) Pers. and B. zoellneri F.H.Hellw. ssp. minor F.H.Hellw. and ssp. zoellneri F.H.Hellw. (Asteraceae) . Adults were collected on Haplopappus multifolius Phil. ex Reiche (Asteraceae) which may be an additional host.

Distribution. Chile (III–X, XII Regions, Region Metropolitana).

Derivation of name. From Ancient Greek ξανθός = yellow, referring to the species’ body colour.

Comments. The specimens from Chile previously assigned to Russelliana intermedia in Burckhardt et al. (2012) belong to R. xantha sp. nov.

Russelliana xantha resembles R. adela , bicolorata and intermedia ; see comments under R. adela . R xantha differs from the three species in an evenly bright yellow body colour. R. xantha differs from R. adela in a yellow forewing membrane and a female proctiger with its dorsal margin bent downwards, from R. bicolorata in a shape of the forewing which is broadest in the apical third, and from R. intermedia in less dense surface spinules of the forewing membrane and the absence of a median hump of the paramere.

Unnamed species. The following taxa represent undescribed Russelliana species that are not formally described and named here due to insufficient material, or its poor state.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Russelliana spp., head, dorsal view. A, R. pallida sp. nov.; B, R. punctulata Burckhardt; C, R. queirozae sp. nov.; D, R. rutila sp. nov.; E, R. sebastiani Burckhardt; F, R. setosa sp. nov.; G, R. similis Burckhardt; H, R. solanicola Tuthill; I, R. tetraglochin sp. nov.; J, R. theresae Burckhardt; K, R. vinculipennis Burckhardt; L, R. viscosae sp. nov.; M, R. xantha sp. nov.