Lucilina lamellosa ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1835 )

Schwabe, Enrico, Sirenko, Boris I. & Seeto, Johnson, 2008, A checklist of Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from the Fiji islands, Zootaxa 1777, pp. 1-52 : 22-24

Lucilina lamellosa ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1835)

( Figure 5 B)

Chresonymy in Kaas et al. (2006: 350).

Chiton lamellosus Quoy & Gaimard 1835: 386 , pl. 74, figs 29–32; Clessin 1903: 101, pl. 36, fig. 7; Iredale & Hull 1927: 132; Boss & Bieler 1991: 58; Gowlett-Holmes 2001: 43; Schwabe 2004: 3153; Dinapoli 2004: 58; Kaas et al. 2006: 314.

Chiton confossus Gould 1846: 143 (holotype at USNM 30763, type locality: Fiji); Iredale & Hull 1926b: 267; 1927: 130; A. G. Smith 1960: 166; Kaas & Van Belle 1980: 30; 1998: 50; Higo et al. 1999: 28; Slieker 2000: 141; Gowlett- Holmes 2001: 43; Schwabe 2004: 3153; Dinapoli 2004: 58; Kaas et al. 2006: 314.

Chiton pictus Reeve 1847 (non de Blainville, 1825, nor Bean in Thorpe, 1844): pl. 15, sp. & f. 79 (the whereabout of the holotype is unknown, it is not at NHM [pers. comm. Roberto Portela Miguez], type locality: “Torres Strait, Raines Island ” it is herein restricted to Australia: Queensland: Great Barrier Reef: Raine Island [11.36’S 144°02’E]); Kobelt 1894: 26; Iredale & Hull 1926b: 268; Kaas & Van Belle 1980: 100; 1998: 144; Boss & Bieler 1991: 58; Slieker 2000: 150; Gowlett-Holmes 2001: 43; Kaas et al. 2006: 350.

Chiton insculptus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier 1866 (non A. Adams, 1852): 248, pl. 9, fig. 5 (holotype at MHNB, type locality: New Caledonia: Île Art [19°43’S 163°39’E]; not seen); Leloup 1952: 61; Kaas & Van Belle 1980: 64; 1998: 96; Slieker 2000: 146; Gowlett-Holmes 2001: 43; Kaas et al. 2006: 350.

Chiton montrouzieri Souverbie 1873: 287 (replacement name for Chiton insculptus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1866; non C. insculptus A. Adams, 1852 ); Kaas & Van Belle 1980: 87; 1998: 127; Slieker 2000: 148; Gowlett- Holmes 2001: 43; Kaas et al. 2006: 350.

Lucia confossa ; Dall 1879: 298, pl. 3, fig. 29.

Tonicia lamellosus (- a); Pilsbry 1893: 209, pl. 40, figs 8–11; Nierstrasz 1905a: 97; Bergenhayn 1930a: 33; Leloup 1952: 62; Richard 1985: 414; Gosliner et al. 1996: 124, fig. & spec. 421; Schwabe 1998: 94; Slieker 2000: 22, 96, 146, pl. 36, figs 24–24a; Saito 2001: 21, pl. 10, fig. 12; Wells 2002: 113; Okusu et al. 2003: 284; Okusu 2003: 77; Schwabe 2006a: 111.

Tonicia confossa ; Pilsbry 1893: 210, pl. 57, figs 33–35; Melvill & Standen 1899: 180; Nierstrasz 1905a: 90, 109, 112, pl. 2, fig. 31, pl. 6, figs 165 A–D; 1905b: 151; Horst & Schepman 1908: 525; Hedley 1910: 352; Iredale 1910: 158; Bergenhayn 1930a: 33, 36, pl. 3, figs 66–69; Dautzenberg & Bouge 1933: 419; Ang 1967: 392, 407, pl. 8, figs 1–4; Richard 1985: 414; Strack 2003: 14; Kaas et al. 2006: 350.

Tonicia picta ; Pilsbry 1893: 211, pl. 40, figs 5, 6; Nierstrasz 1905a: 96; Hedley 1910: 352; Iredale 1910: 158; Ashby 1918: 86; 1920: 291; Leloup, 1952: 61.

Toniciopsis picta ; Thiele 1893: 371, pl. 30, fig. 27; Cotton 1964: 88.

Tonicia insculpta ; Pilsbry 1894: 89, pl. 10, figs 10–11; Nierstrasz 1905a: 97.

Chiton (Tonicia) pictus ; Clessin 1903: 26, pl. 10, fig. 8.

Chiton (Tonicia) confossa ; Couturier 1907: 175.

Lucilina lamellosa ; Thiele 1909b: 97; Eernisse 1984: 259; Strack 2003: 14; Schwabe 2006a: 102, figs 1C, 6A–F, 7; Vinther 2006: 17, figs 11, 13, pl. 14; Saito 2006c: 122, fig. 6B; Burghardt et al. 2006: 30.

Lucilina shirleyi Iredale 1914 c (replacement name for Chiton pictus Reeve, 1847 ; non C. pictus de Blainville, 1825): 131; Iredale & Hull 1926b: 268, pl. 38, figs 12, 14; 1927: 131, pl. 16, figs 12, 14; Mackay 1930: 293; Leloup 1952: 61; Joyce 1959: 239, fig. 5b; Kaas & Van Belle 1980: 119; 1998: 170; Gowlett-Holmes, 2001: 43; Kaas et al. 2006: 350.

Tonicia (Lucilina) confossa ; Ashby 1918: 86; Thiele 1931: 22.

Tonicia picata [sic]; Ashby 1924: 332.

Tonicia (Lucilina) shirleyi ; Ashby 1926: 384; 1928: 172.

Lucilina insculpta ; Risbec 1946: 176, fig. 34.

Lucilina confossus (- a); Cotton 1964: 88, 101; Ladd 1966: 23; Saito 2006c: 122.

? Onithochiton quercinus ( Gould, 1846) ; Cernohorsky 1978: 42; Coleman 2003: 67, un-numbered text figure.

Tonicia (Lucilina) lamellosa ; Kaas & Van Belle 1980: 71; 1998: 106; Van Belle 1983: 132, pl. 12, fig. 6; Schwabe 1997: 23, text figs; 2005a: 54, pl. 2, fig. 8; 2006b: 20; Gowlett-Holmes 1998b: 187; 2001: 43; Schwabe & Slieker 2001: 225; Strack 2003: 14; Kaas et al. 2006: 350, fig. 147.

cf. Chiton ; Birkeland et al. 1987: 45.

? Tonicia (Lucilina) sp.; Sirenko 2006: 40, fig. 11.17

Locus typicus: “ Tonga Tabou” (= Tonga, Tongatapu [21°10’S 175°13’W]).

Primary type: Lectotype (MNHN 6058) designated by Strack (1986: 194).

Fiji records: Chiton confossus Gould 1846: 143 .

Tonicia confossa ; Bergenhayn 1930a: 36, pl. 3, figs 66–69.

? Onithochiton quercinus ; Cernohorsky 1978: 42.

Material examined: ZSM Mol 20061636: 1 juvenile spm, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, west side of the mole of the USP, 18°09.054'S 178°27.231'E, up coming tide, under stones, 0–0.5 m, leg. Andreas Altnöder, 20 August 2006, wet; ZSM Mol 20061615: 5 adult spms, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, north side of Nukumbutho Island 18°10.474'S 178°28.343'E; lowest low tide, landward in calm water close to the beach, 0.5 m, under stones and dead corals, which were mainly covered with algae, leg. Enrico Schwabe, 21 August 2006, wet; ZSM Mol 20061618: 1 adult spm, 3 subadult and juvenile spms, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, west side of the Nukumbutho channel of the fringing reef opposite the USP, 18°10.899'S 178°27.971'E, attached to pieces of dead corals, embedded in fine coral sand among dead coral boulders, strong currents, about 1 m, leg. Enrico Schwabe, 24 August 2006, wet; ZSM Mol 20061631: 6 adult spms, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, north side of Makuluva Island 18°11.250'S 178°30.992'E, under pieces of dead corals, partly embedded in fine coral sand, 1–3 m, leg. Enrico Schwabe, Andreas Altnöder & Michael Schrödl, 26 August 2006, wet; ZSM Mol 20061918: 1 adult spm, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, reef flat opposite the Suva Harbour at the fringing reef, 18°10.434'S 178°24.987'E, at low tide, high amount of living corals, some sandy channels and patches, 1 m, under coral plates, leg. Andreas Altnöder, 29 August 2006, wet; ZSM Mol 20061625: 1 subadult spm + 2 juvenile spms, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, west side of the Nukumbutho channel of the fringing reef opposite the USP, 18°10.899'S 178°27.971'E, out side of the fringing reef, in deep channels with strong currents, in pieces of dead corals encrusted with coralline red algae, about 4 m, leg. Enrico Schwabe, 29 August 2006, wet; ZSM Mol 20061634: 1 adult spm, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, North of Makuluva Island, 18°10.890'S 178°30.587'E, sandy bottom with sea grass patches, under dead coral pieces, 0.5– 1 m, leg. Enrico Schwabe, 30 August 2006, wet; ZISP 431-1966: 1 adult spm, Viti Levu, Suva [18°08’S 178°25’E], coral reefs, leg. S. Stepanjants, 0 4 March 1966, „Kanopus“, wet; ZISP: 1 juvenile spm, Cicia Island [17°45’S 179°18’W], Callisto St. 83, 0.3 m, leg. Boris I. Sirenko, 0 6 February 1975, wet; UF 295858: 1 adult spm, Viti Levu, 4.5 km WSW of Mbukatatanoa Reefs 18°10’44’’S 178°27’27’’E, reef flat, reef crest, under rocks, leg. Lisa Kirkendale & Victor Bonito, 11 October 2001 (LAK-015B), wet; UF UF 289421: 1 adult spm, Viti Levu, 1 km W of Mbusa Bay [19°04’S 178°03’E], 0–1.5 m, fringing reef, undersides of rocks, in crevices, leg. Holthuis, B. & Gustav Paulay, 0 4 February 1989 (BFIJI-434), wet; UF 292960: 1 adult spm, Viti Levu, Island owned by Fijian Resort 18°08’30’’S 177°25’24’’E, 0–0.5 m, reef flat, under sand, leg. Lisa Kirkendale & Victor Bonito, 20 October 2001 (LAK- 028F), wet; ZSM Mol 20070109: 21 larvae to juveniles, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, west side of the Nukumbutho channel of the fringing reef opposite the USP, 18°10.899'S 178°27.971'E, among algae from the reef pools, 0.5–1.5 m, leg. Michael Schrödl, Enrico Schwabe & Andreas Altnöder, 24 August 2006, wet.

Habitat: Juveniles of the species were regularly found within crevices of dead coral pieces and under algae, adults were found under pieces of dead corals and other rubble, which was usually slightly embedded in fine coral sand or at least big enough so not to be overturned by currents.

Distribution: The species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution from Andaman Sea in the West and North to Australia in the South and American Samoa in the East ( Schwabe 2006a).

Remarks: Although Schwabe & Lozouet (2006) speculated that Cernohorsky’s (1978: 42) record of Onithochiton quercinus ( Gould, 1846) probably refers instead to Onithochiton lyelli (Sowerby in Broderip & Sowerby, 1832) it is also possible that the specimen is L. lamellosa , by far the most common species in Fiji. A photo request from the Auckland museum, where the specimen should be deposited was so far ineffective.

Figures

FIGURE 5. A, Acanthopleura gemmata (de Blainville, 1825), ZSM Mol 20061614: Fiji, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, west side of Nukumbutho Island 18 ° 10.474 ' S 178 ° 28.343 ' E, dorsal view. B, Lucilina lamellosa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1835), ZSM Mol 20061625: Fiji, Viti Levu, Laucala Bay, west side of the Nukumbutho channel of the fringing reef opposite the USP, 18 ° 10.899 ' S 178 ° 27.971 ' E, dorsal view. C – D, Lucilina nigropunctata (Carpenter, 1865), ZISP: Fiji, Vekai Island [17 ° 34 ’ S 178 ° 49 ’ W]. C, dorsal view of the anterior portion. D, dorsal view of the posterior portion. E – F, Lucilina novemrugata (Bergenhayn, 1930), ZISP: Fiji, Vekai Island [17 ° 34 ’ S 178 ° 49 ’ W], Callisto St. 93. E, dorsal view of the anterior portion. F, dorsal view of the posterior portion. Scale bars A 5 mm, B – F 2 mm.