Solmundella bitentaculata ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1833 )

Mendoza-Becerril, María A., Estrada-González, Mariae C., Mazariegos-Villarreal, Alejandra, Restrepo-Avendaño, Luisa, Villar-Beltrán, Rogelio D., Agüero, José & Cunha, Amanda F., 2020, Taxonomy and diversity of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria, Medusozoa) of La Paz Bay, Gulf of California, Zootaxa 4808 (1), pp. 1-37 : 4

Solmundella bitentaculata ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)

Figs. 2 A–D

Carybdea bitentaculata Quoy & Gaimard 1833: 295 , p. 25, figs. 4–5.

Solmundella bitentaculata .— Bigelow 1909: 77, pl. 2, fig. 3.— Alvariño 1969: 46.— Segura-Puertas 1984: 51, pl. 13, fig. 3.— Segura-Puertas et al. 2010: 107.— Jáquez-Bermudez et al. 2013: 40.— Gamero-Mora et al. 2015: 115.

Type locality. Ambon Island, Indonesia ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1833: 295, as Carybdea bitentaculata ) .

Material examined. Medusa—PB7_21, sampling site 2 (2), immature, 27ºC.

Description. Umbrella hemispherical (0.8 mm wide). Aboral end inverted heart-shaped, oral aperture bellshaped. Lobed umbrella margin, with two tentacular peronial grooves, extended upward along the side of the exumbrella from the velar margin to the base of each tentacle. Two opposite long, hollow tentacles (0.5–6 mm long), with a solid appearance at the tentacle tip, in the shape of horns, and emerging from umbrella at a zone nearer to the apex, without apical groove. Manubrium conformed by eight stomach pouches. Four peronia and eight free ectoendodermal statocysts are running to the umbrella margin. The statocysts are upon a sensory papilla, and each of them contains a spherical statolith.

Nematocysts (length x diam.). Macroisorhizas (8.2–7.6 x 4.3–6.0 µm), microisorhizas (4.3–5.9 x 3.7–5.6 µm).

More detailed description in Quoy & Gaimard (1833), Mayer (1910).

Taxonomic status. Accepted. AphiaID 117267.

Distribution. Oceanic species, with higher occurrence in tropical and temperate waters of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans ( Russell 1953; Kramp 1961; Ramírez & Zamponi 1980; Segura-Puertas et al. 2010). Present along Mexican Pacific coast, in Baja California Sur ( Bigelow 1909), Sonora y Sinaloa ( Álvarez-León 1980; Alvariño 1969), Nayarit, Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán, Guerrero and Oaxaca ( Segura-Puertas 1984; Segura-Puertas et al. 2010; Jáquez-Bermudez et al. 2013; Gamero-Mora et al. 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 2. A–D Solmundella bitentaculata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833): A, lobed umbrela margin; B, peronia; C, ectodermal statocyst; D, nematocyst of medusa; a, macroisorhizas; b, microisorhizas. E–J Liriope tetraphylla (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821): E, medusa; F, gonad; G, centripetal canal; H, marginal tentacles; I, ecto-endodermal statocyst; J, nematocyst of medusa; a, macrobasic eurytele; b, microbasic eurytele. K–L Rhopalonema velatum Gegenbaur, 1857: K, umbrela medusa; L, velum and tentacles. Scale equals A, B, F–I, K, L—200 µm; C—50 µm; D—12 µm; E—500 µm; J—20 µm.