Saccoglossus Schimkewitsch, 1892

Deland, C., Cameron, C. B., Rao, K. P., Ritter, W. E. & Bullock, T. H., 2010, A taxonomic revision of the family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) with descriptions of seven species from the Eastern Pacific, Zootaxa 2408 (1), pp. 1-30 : 4-5

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2408.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9BBB84BB-239C-41EA-9CFC-682449F96281
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/101A87CA-FF84-FFAA-DBA6-F931FF8CFE7E
treatment provided by	Felipe (2021-08-22 22:04:55, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-04 10:25:03)
scientific name	Saccoglossus Schimkewitsch, 1892
status

Treatment

Genus Saccoglossus Schimkewitsch, 1892 View in CoL

Dolichoglossus: Spengel, 1893 View in CoL

Type species. Saccoglossus kowalevskii ( Agassiz, 1873) View in CoL

Diagnosis. Proboscis usually long; middorsal longitudinal groove may be present. Collar usually very short compared to proboscis. Dorsal interbranchial genital ridges and dorsal gonads absent but lateral extrabranchial genital ridges may be present. Intestinal pores often present. Perihaemal cavities always present. Peribuccal cavities usually present, but not always. Genus most importantly characterized by arrangement of longitudinal muscle fibers of proboscis in several concentric rings ( Fig. 1 A View FIGURE 1 ). Many species favor quiet muddy-sandy flats not too far from the mouth of a bay, living in ‘permanent’ tubes and throwing up low conical mounds of quasi-spiral castings from the anus.

Remarks. The genus as revised above would now include the following species: S. apatensis Thomas, 1956 ; S. aulakoeis Thomas, 1968 ; S. bromophenolosus King, Giray & Kornfield, 1994 ; S. horsti Brambell & Goodhart, 1941 ; S. hwangtauensis ( Si & Kwang-Chung, 1935) , S. inhacensis ( Kapelin, 1936) , S. kowalevskii ( Agassiz, 1873) , S. madrasensis Rao, 1957 , S. mereschkowskii ( Wagner, 1885) , S. otagoensis (Benham, 1899) , S. pusillus ( Ritter, 1902) , S. ruber Tattersall, 1905 , S. sulcatus ( Spengel, 1893) and five new species collected from the Eastern Pacific that will be described in a forthcoming article on the genus.

References

Agassiz, A. (1873) The history of Balanoglossus and tornaria. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, new ser., 9, 421 - 436.

Brambell, F. W. R. & Goodhart, C. B. (1941) Saccoglossus horsti sp. n., an enteropneust occurring in the Solent. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 25, 283 - 301.

Kapelin, F. F. (1936) The anatomy of the enteropneust Saccoglossus inhacensis sp. n. Annals of the Natal Museum, 8, 47 - 94.

King, G. M., Giray, C. & Kornfield, I. (1994) A new hemichordate, Saccoglossus bromophenolosus (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta: Harrimaniidae) from North America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 107, 383 - 390.

Rao, K. P. (1957) Two species of Enteropneusta from off the coast of Madras. Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress, 42, 301.

Ritter, W. E. (1902) The movements of the Enteropneusta and the mechanism by which they are accomplished. Biological Bulletin, 3, 255 - 261.

Schimkewitsch, W. M. (1892) Uber die Beziehungen zwischen den Enteropneusta und Acrania, St Petersburg.

Si, T. & Kwang-Chung, K. (1935) Sur deux especes d'Enteropneutes de la cote de Chine. Contributions from the Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Peiping, 2 (4), 1 - 20, 4 pls.

Spengel, J. W. (1893) Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel und der Angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. Berlin, Zoologischen Station zu Neapel. 757 p.

Tattersall, W. M. (1905) Enteropneusta from west coast of Ireland. Annual Report of Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigations, 1902, 213 - 214.

Thomas, I. M. (1956) Saccoglossus apantesis, a new species of enteropneust from South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 79, 167 - 176.

Thomas, I. M. (1968) Two species of Saccoglossus (Enteropneusta) from South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 92, 73 - 84.

Wagner, N. (1885) Die wirbellosen des weiben meeres. Zoologische forshungen an der kuste des solowetzkischen meerbusens in den sommermonaten der jahre 1877, 1878, 1879 und 1882, Leipzig.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Light micrographs of transverse sections of the proboscis of: A, Saccoglosus pusillus, showing the arrangement of the proboscis longitudinal musculature in concentric rings. B, Protoglossus mackiei n. sp., showing the arrangement of the proboscis longitudinal musculature in radial plates. C, Mesoglossus macginitiei n. gen. et n. sp., showing the diffuse arrangement of the proboscis longitudinal musculature. Abbreviations: plm, proboscis longitudinal muscles. Scale bars = 500 µm.