Actinopus robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892 )

Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020, Taxonomic Revision of the Spider Genus Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae), Megataxa 2 (1), pp. 1-256 : 197-202

Actinopus robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892)

Figs 177–181 , Map 11

Pachyloscelis robustus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892: 93 , pl. 12, fig. 5 (♀ female syntypes, Veraguas, Panama, NHM and OUMNH; two syntypes deposited in Oxford examined).

Actinopus robustus ; F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897: 6; Quintero-Arias, 2005: 378, fig. 4–8, 14–15; Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2006: 58, fig. 6a–d; World Spider Catalog, 2020.

Diagnosis. Males of Actinopus robustus are similar to those of A. palmar ( Fig. 189 A–C) by the ATP superimposed with the embolus in prolateral view. Males differ from those of the wider tegulum, massive ATP, which is devoid of serrated area ( Fig. 181 A–C). Females of A. robustus differ from all other species of the genus by the V-shaped spermathecae, with two long, clavate, divergent receptacles ( Fig. 181 D ).

MALE (AMNH): Total length 14.5; Carapace, long 6.25; wide 6.12. Carapace anterior part tapering. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved ( Fig. 177 B ). Without bristles between all eyes and areas, all removed and with barely visible inserts. Sternum with six sigilla fused medially, two basal sigilla bigger and more demarcated than others ( Fig. 177 C ). Rastellum protuberant, inverted V-shaped, hirsute, without spines apically ( Fig. 177 E–F). Chelicerae with 23 denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row with five megateeth and two denticles between three basal megateeth. Retrolateral row with seven megateeth ( Fig. 177 D ). Patella and tibia III with distal crown of well developed thorns, in patella III, interrupted in the middle, and in tibia III, not interrupted in middle ( Fig. 178 A–B). Patellae III and IV with spines on prolaterodorsal face ( Fig. 178 A, C ). Tibia IV without spines on dorsal surface ( Fig. 178 D ). Ventral pseudoscopulae occupying 30% of Tarsi I, 50% of II and 100% of III and IV. Pseudoscopula of tarsi I and II with setae spaced, forming diffuse group of bristles; On tarsi III and IV, compact. Carapace and chelicerae reddish brown; sternum, coxae, trochantera, femora, patellae Tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi yellowish brown; Palp and cymbium yellow-reddish brow and abdomen gray ( Fig. 177 A ). Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.2, PLE 0.32, ALE 0.4, AME 0.32; MOQ: Length 1.12, front width 2.56, back width 2.44; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.52, PLE–PME 0.04, AME–AME 0.2, ALE–AME 0.56, ALE–PLE 0.52, AME–PME 0.48. Ocular area: OAL 4.62, OAW 3.5, and IF 2. Body: Clypeus: 0.25; Fovea: 2.62; Labium: long 1.25; wide 1; Chelicerae: long 2.5; wide 1.62; Sternum: long 4.12; wide 3.25. Abdomen: long 7.12; wide 5.37. Leg measurements: I: Fe 6.5/ Pa 2.87/ Ti 4/ Me 4.87/ Ta 2.62/ total 20.87. II: 6.25/ 2.75/ 3.87/ 4.87/ 2.87/ 20.62. III: 4.87/ 2.87/ 3.25/ 5.62/ 3.25/ 19.87. IV: 6.87/ 3.12/ 5.62/ 6/ 3.12/ 24.75. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-2- 5, d0, p0, r0; Me v4-4-5, d0, p5-2-4, r1-3-5; ta v0-1-1, d0, p1-3-3, r3-7-13. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-0-3, d0, p0, r0-4-8; Me v3-2-4, d0, p1-1-1, r5-5-5; ta v0-1-3, d0, p1-4-4, r3-7-8. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d11-14-35, p1-2-3, r0-0-5; ti v0-0-3, d0-1-16, p0-0-1, r0- 0-5; Me v6-4-7, d2-1-0, p3-2-2, r4-3-6; ta v0, d0-0-2, p2- 6-7, r0-6-7; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d20-19-11, p0- 1-3, r0; ti v0-0-2, d0, p0-2-1, r0; Me v2-4-6, d0, p0-0-3, r0-0-1; ta v0, d0, p3-8-6, r1-4-5. Palp: PA well developed, embolus without keels. ATP size 3/4 that of the embolus. BTA poorly developed, but visible in both in prolateral and retrolateral view; prolateral tegulum serrated next to base of next to base of embolus, embolus inserted at 30° angle on basal portion of copulatory bulb; embolar bases thin ( Fig. 181 A–C).

FEMALE (OUMNH): Total length 23.62. 19.62; Carapace, long 7.5; wide 7.25. Carapace anterior part square and posterior part triangular. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior row slightly recurved. A lot of short bristles between AME-clypeus, one long bristle between PLE–ALE, short and long bristles between posterior eyes-fovea and short bristles between lateral eyes-edge of carapace ( Fig. 179 B ). Sternum with six sigilla fused medially, two basal sigilla bigger and more demarcated than others ( Fig. 179 C ). Rastellum protuberant, subquadrate, hirsute, with a row of short spines on the edge of rastellum and o lot of short spines covering the dorsal rastellum ( Fig. 179 E–F). Chelicerae with denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row with six megateeth and one tooth, between the second and third distal teeth. Retrolateral row with six megateeth and one tooth between the last basal megateeth ( Fig.179 D ). Patella III with distal interrupted developed crown of thorns and tibia III with distal crown of thorns ( Fig. 180 A–B). Patella III and IV with prolaterodorsal short spines along extension of article. Patella IV with those prolaterodorsal spines and another retrolaterodorsal restricted in the distal part of article ( Fig. 180 A, C ). Tibia IV without spines and with long bristles on prolaterodorsal surface ( Fig. 180 D ). Carapace, sternum, coxae, trochantera, femora, patellae, Tibia, metatarsi, tarsi and palp yellowish brown, chelicerae reddish brown and abdomen pale brown ( Fig. 179 A). 18 labial cuspules, 102 on right maxilla and 98 in left (Fig. 775). Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.24, PLE 0.4, ALE 0.4, AME 0.2; MOQ: Length 1.32, front width 3.28, back width 3.24; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.84, PLE–PME 0.16, AME–AME 0.32, ALE–AME 1.08,ALE–PLE 0.72, AME–PME 0.72. Ocular area: OAL 5.87, OAW 3.87, and IF 3.12. Body: Clypeus: 0.5; Fovea: 3.62; Labium: long 1.87; wide 1.62; Chelicerae: long 2.87; wide 2.5; Sternum: long 5.62; wide 4.37. Abdomen: long 11; wide 10.37. Leg measurements: I: Fe 4.25/ Pa 2.87/ Ti 2/ Me 2.12/ Ta 0.87/ total 12.12. II: 4.37/ 3/ 1.87/ 2.5/ 0.87/ 12.62. III: 4.12/ 3.37/ 1.12/ 2.62/ 1/ 12.25. IV: 5.12/ 3.75/ 2.87/ 3.75/ 1.62/ 17.12. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-2-1, d0, p0- 0-2, r2-2-2; Me v1-1-2, d0, p5-6-4, r5-6-5; ta v0-1-2, d0, p1-3-2, r6-2-4. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0, d0, p0, r0-6-6; Me v0-0-1, d0, p4-6-6, r6-5-5; ta v0-1-2, d0, p3-6-3, r3-2-3. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0-0-15, p0-0-7, r0-0-5; ti v0, d1-0-15, p0-0-3, r7-10-13; Me v0-0-4, d4-3-3, p3-1-0, r6-10-8; ta v7-12-13, d0-1-2, p0-3-3, r3-4-3; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d16-17-7, p0, r0; ti v0, d0, p0, r0; Me v0-0-2, d0-0-1, p0-1-2, r0; ta v0-4-12, d0, p0-5-9, r0-0-4. Spermathecae: Represented by two seminal receptacles strongly fused to base, as long as wide, with short ducts. Spermathecae V-shaped, with two divergent receptacles. Pore field reaching base, distribution asymetrical ( Fig. 181 D ).

VARIATION

FEMALES (n=2): Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.24–0.32, PLE 0.36–0.4, ALE 0.24–0.4, AME 0.2–0.48; MOQ: Length 1.2–1.32, front width 3.16–3.28, back width 3.2– 3.24; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.84–1.88, PLE–PME 0.16, AME–AME 0.28–0.32, ALE–AME 0.96–1.08, ALE–PLE 0.64–0.72, AME–PME 0.68–0.72. Ocular area: OAL 5.75–5.85, OAW 3.87–4.12, and IF 2.75–3.12. Body: Total length: 18–19.62; Carapace: long 7–7.5; wide 6.87–7.25; Clypeus: 0.5; Fovea: 3.37–3.62; Labium: long 1.87–2; wide 1.62; Chelicerae: long 2.87–4.12; wide 2.37– 2.5; Sternum: long 5–5.62; wide 4.12–4.37. Abdomen: long 9.62–11; wide 7.37–10.37. Leg measurements: I: Fe 4.12–4.25/ Pa 2.75–2.87/ Ti 1.87–2/ Me 2.12–2.5/ Ta 0.87–1.37/ total 12.12–12.62. II: 4.25–4.37/ 2.87–3/ 1.87/ 2.5–2.75/ 0.87–1.12/ 12.62–12.87. III: 4–4.12/ 3.25–3.37/ 1.12–1.37/ 2.62/ 1/ 12.25. IV: 5.12–5.25/ 3.5–3.75/ 2.87– 3.12/ 2.75–3.75/ 1.25–1.62/ 15.87–17.12. Formula 4123.

Examined material. PANAMA: Panama City: Ancón , [9º 03’ 10.14” N 79º 36’ 59.48” W], Canal Zone, 1♂, iii.1960, W. M. Lundy leg. ( AMNH) .

Distribution. PANAMA. Panama: Veraguas, and Ancón ( Map 11 ).

Figures

MAP 11. Distribution map of Actinopus robustus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892, Actinopus guajara sp. nov., Actinopus palmar Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018, Actinopus lomalinda sp. nov., Actinopus concinnus sp. nov. and Actinopus cucutaensis (Mello- Leit„o, 1941).

FIGURE 177. Actinopus robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892), male: A–F AMNH: A. Abdomen, dorsal; B. Carapace, dorsal; C. Sternum, ventral; D. Cheliceral teeth, ventral; E. Rastellum, dorsal; F. Rastellum, ventral.

FIGURE 178. Actinopus robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892), male: A–D AMNH: A. Patella III, dorsal; B. Tibia III, dorsal; C. Patella IV, dorsal; D. Tibia IV, dorsal.

FIGURE 179. Actinopus robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892), syntype, female:A–F AMNH:A.Abdomen, dorsal; B. Carapace, dorsal; C. Sternum, ventral; D. Cheliceral teeth, ventral; E. Rastellum, dorsal; F. Rastellum, ventral.

FIGURE 180. Actinopus robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892), syntype, female:A–D AMNH:A. Patella III, dorsal; B. Tibia III, dorsal; C. Patella IV, dorsal; D. Tibia IV, dorsal.

FIGURE 181. Actinopus robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892), male:A–CAMNH:A. Copulatory bulb, prolateral; B. Copulatory bulb, dorsal; C. Copulatory bulb, retrolateral. PA-Paraembolic apophysis; BTA-Basal Tegular Apophysis; ATP-Apical Tegular Process; setae: Serrated area. Syntype, OUMNH, female: D AMNH: D. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scales lines: 1 mm.

FIGURE 189. Actinopus palmar Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018, male: A–E MACN 19826: A. Copulatory bulb, prolateral; B. Copulatory bulb, dorsal; C. Copulatory bulb, retrolateral. PA-Paraembolic apophysis; BTA-Basal Tegular Apophysis; PAc- Prolateral Accessory keel; PI-Prolateral Inferior keel; PS-Prolateral Superior keel; Arrows: Serrated area. E. Rastellum, dorsal; F. Rastellum, ventral. Scales lines: A–C: 1 mm; D–E: 0.5 mm.