Synalpheus pandionis Coutière, 1909

Anker, Arthur, Pachelle, Paulo P. G., Grave, Sammy De & Hultgren, Kristin M., 2012, 3598, Zootaxa 3598 (1), pp. 1-96 : 61-62

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3598.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:74562879-7AB4-42D7-B894-09BFA4885324
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/041D87E9-972B-FF81-FF7C-5A35FD94F835
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Synalpheus pandionis Coutière, 1909
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Synalpheus pandionis Coutière, 1909 View in CoL View at ENA

( Fig. 41 View FIGURE 41 )

Synalpheus pandionis Coutière 1909: 67 View in CoL , fig. 39; (?) Zimmer 1913: 385, figs C–E; (?) Schmitt 1924a: 81; (?) Schmitt, 1924b:

68; (?) Schmitt 1935: 149; Chace 1972: 102 (partim); (?) Pequegnat & Ray 1974: 248, figs 53e, 54; (?) Rodríguez 1980:

161; (?) Gore 1981: 151; Lemaitre 1984: 426; Dardeau 1984: 78, figs 40–43 (partim); Abele & Kim 1986: 202, 222–223,

figs d, e; (?) Rodríguez 1986: 207; (?) Martínez-Iglesias et al. 1996: 36; (?) Hernández Aguilera et al. 1996: 38; McClure

2005: 184, figs 149-152; Macdonald et al. 2009: 33, pls. 4C, D, 5A (partim, see Hultgren & Duffy 2010); Hultgren et al.

2010: 225; Hultgren et al. 2011: 12. Zuzalpheus pandionis — Ríos & Duffy 2007: 52, figs 24, 25, pl. 4. Synalpheus pandionis pandionis — Chace 1956: 149. Synalpheus pandionis extentus Coutière 1909: 69 , fig. 40; Chace 1956: 149; Christoffersen 1979: 344. Not Synalpheus cf. pandionis — Almeida et al. 2007: 15, figs 3, 4 (= S. ul; see Almeida et al. 2012). Synalpheus grampusi Coutière 1909: 62 , fig. 36. Synalpheus longicarpus — Christoffersen 1979: 344, figs 23–27 (partim) [not S. longicarpus ( Herrick, 1891) ].

Material examined. Honduras: 1 male, 1 ov. female, OUMNH. ZC.2007-20-104, Utila, Jack O'Neill Cove, 16º04.574'N 86º56.403'W, in orange sponge (possibly Lissodendoryx sp. ), 15 m, coll. A. Anker & S. De Grave GoogleMaps ,

04.07.2007 [fcn H146*]. Brazil: 1 male, UFC 439 View Materials , Ceará, locality not specified (“litoral do estado do Ceará ”), 35–40 m, coll. “Barco SWJ” , 24.11.1972.

Description. For full description and illustrations see Coutière (1909), Dardeau (1984), and Ríos & Duffy (2007).

Size range. Specimens from Honduras: male, 5.0 mm cl, female, 5.9 mm cl; male from Ceará ( Brazil), 4.0 mm cl; specimens from Carrie Bow Cay ranged 4.3–6.6 mm cl for males and 6.0– 6.8 mm cl for females ( Ríos & Duffy 2007).

Colour in life. Semitransparent or pale reddish-orange, uniformly speckled with small red chromatophores; major chela fingers darker brown-orange; ovaries or freshly laid eggs reddish ( Fig. 41 View FIGURE 41 ); see also colour photograph in Ríos & Duffy (2007: pl. 4).

Type locality. St. Thomas , US Virgin Islands .

Distribution. Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico [West Flower Garden Bank, Isla de Lobos]; Florida [Key Largo, Tortugas, Bright Bank, Florida Middle Ground]; Bahamas [Cay Sal Bank]; Caribbean Sea: Cuba (Batabanó Gulf], Honduras [Utila], Panama [Bocas del Toro], Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands [ St Thomas, St. John], British Virgin Islands [ Tortola, Guana, Virgin Gorda], Venezuela [Los Roques Achipelago], Curaçao, Barbados; Brazil: Ceará ( Coutière 1909; Zimmer 1913; Schmitt 1935; Chace 1972; Dardeau 1984; Rodríguez 1986; Ríos & Duffy 2007; present study; K. Hultgren, pers. obs.; see map in Fig. 52 View FIGURE 52 ); some of these records may refer to closely related species (see below).

Ecology. Shallow reef and adjacent rubble and sand flats with abundance of sponges; typical depth range in the Caribbean-Florida area: 1–15 m, possibly deeper in Brazil: 35–40 m; obligate symbiont of demosponges, e.g., Lissodendoryx cf. strongylata , L. colombiensis , Agelas clathrodes , Hyattella intestinalis and Hymeniacidon amphilecta ( Ríos & Duffy 2007) ; typically in heterosexual pairs.

Remarks. Many records of S. pandionis prior to Ríos & Duffy’s (2007) revision of the S. longicarpus species complex possibly refer to the closely related S. ul, S. yano and S. dardeaui . Synalpheus pandionis differs from these species by the presence of a relatively small but conspicuous bump on the mesial side (not lateral side, error in Ríos & Duffy 2007) of the major chela pollex, best visible in ventral view of the major chela (see Ríos & Duffy 2007: fig. 24F). Ríos & Duffy (2007) discussed the synonymy of S. grampusi Coutière, 1909 and S. pandionis extentus Coutière, 1909 with S. pandionis , which is followed herein.

The single specimen from Ceará represents the first record of S. pandionis for Brazil, considerably extending the previously known range of this species, from Florida, Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea ( Ríos & Duffy 2007) to northeastern Brazil (see map in Fig. 52 View FIGURE 52 ). The Brazilian specimen corresponds closely to S. pandionis as illustrated by Coutière (1909), Dardeau (1984), and Ríos & Duffy (2007), including the presence of the diagnostic mesial protuberance on the major chela.