Paradynomene quasimodo, Mclay, Colin L. & Ng, Peter K. L., 2004

Mclay, Colin L. & Ng, Peter K. L., 2004, A taxonomic revision of the genus Paradynomene Sakai, 1963 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Dynomenidae), Zootaxa 657, pp. 1-24 : 8-11

Paradynomene quasimodo n. sp. ( Figs. 5 , 6 , 14 B)

Paradynomene tuberculata— Jamieson et al. 1993: 313, figs. 1–3;—Guinot 1993: 1227, figs. 1, 2;— Jamieson 1994: 384, fig. 5 c.— Jamieson et al. 1995: 271, fig. 2 c;— Guinot & Bouchard 1998: 632;— Secretan 1998: 1756, figs. 7, 8;— McLay 1999: 543 (part), figs. 4 e–f, 6e–f, 7c, e, 10b–d, 14 a, 32. [Not Paradynomene tuberculata Sakai, 1963: 231 , fig 8.]

Material. Holotype male, 14.3 x 15.4 mm, Balicasag Island, Panglao, Bohol, Visayas, Philippine Islands, in tangle nets, 200–300 m, coll. local shell fishermen, Jun 2002 ( ZRC 2001.0360); Paratypes male, 17.6 x 17.7 mm, Balicasag Island, Panglao, Bohol, Visayas, Philippine Islands, in tangle nets, 200–300 m, coll. local shell fishermen, Dec 2000 ( ZRC 2001.176); 1 male, 18.6 x 18.9 mm, Balicasag Island, Panglao, Bohol, Visayas, Philippine Islands, in tangle nets, coll. M. Takeda & H. Komatsu, Feb 2003 (NSMT­Cr15359). Others: 1 male, 17.0 x 17.2 mm, New Caledonia, station 444, 18°15.3'S, 162°58.8'E, 300–350 m, coll. LAGON, 28 Feb 1985 (MNHN­B26605); 1 male, 22.0 x 22.8 mm, station DW 14, 23°40.1'S, 167°59.7'E, 246 m, New Caledonia, coll. SMIB 3, 22 May 1987 (MNHN­ B26606); 1 male, 22.7 x 23.0 mm, station DW 931, 18°55'S, 163°24'E, 360–377 m, New Caledonia, coll. BATHUS 4, 7 Aug 1994 (MNHN­B26608); 1 ovigerous female, 13.8 x 14.5 mm, station DW 18, Kai Islands, Indonesia, 5°18'S, 133°01'E, 205–212 m, coll. KARUBAR, 24 Oct 1991 (MNHN­B26609).

Description of holotype. Carapace sub­rectangular, width similar to length, margins sub­parallel, surface very areolate, covered with pavement of small rounded, closely packed granules, except where regions meet. Carapace regions well marked. Frontal groove deeply marked, separating pair of epigastric tubercles, dividing to define mesogastric area containing median tubercle, with prominent protogastric tubercles on each side. Pair of metagastric tubercles, similar in elevation to mesogastric tubercle, separated by groove. Urogastric area well defined, without tubercles. Cardiac area swollen shallowly divided into 2 weak anterior tubercles followed by smaller median intestinal tubercle. Branchial area dominated by 4 tubercles: prominent epibranchial tubercle, 1 similar mesobranchial tubercle, 2 smaller metabranchial tubercles. Total of 18 areolate tubercles on the whole carapace: 8 on each side, 2 unpaired median tubercles.

Rostrum tridentate, teeth small, median tooth deflexed, but visible dorsally. Two small, dorsally directed supraorbital tubercles behind rostrum, rest of orbital margin covered with small granules, small suborbital tubercle visible dorsally. Orbits obliquely arranged, clearly exposed dorsally.

Anterolateral margin begins below level of postorbital corner armed with 5 teeth of variable size, third and fifth largest. First anterolateral tooth preceded by 2 or 3 small, closely spaced hepatic teeth that form anterior corner of carapace. Behind branchial groove are 2 well developed posterolateral teeth, last forming posterior corner of carapace.

Pereopods covered in small granules same as carapace. Cheliped carpus with small tubercles on inner and outer proximal margins, three closely spaced tubercles along outer distal margin. Propodus with 3 small tubercles along inner and outer dorsal margins. Fingers down­curved, gaping, teeth obsolete on fixed finger, 3 or 4 faint teeth on moveable finger. At rest, fingers slot in beside bases of third maxillipeds that are covered with dense mass of fine setae. Margins of second to fourth pereopods tuberculate, fifth pereopod reduced, hidden under posterolateral carapace corner in dorsal view.

Surface of abdomen granulate, margins setose, abdomen only loosely held against sternum. No effective abdominal locking mechanism, although uropod plates fill about half of lateral margin of sixth segment, adjacent to slightly elevated group of small granules on coxa of second pereopod that restrict side­ways movement of abdomen.

Etymology. The name is derived from Victor Hugo's character, Quasimodo , the Hunchback of Notre Dame; alluding to its tumescent, hunchback carapace shape. The name is used as a noun.

Remarks. The inflated areolae of this species give the carapace a very swollen appearance and distinguish it from the allied P. tuberculata . Some specimens have distinct setae on the carapace areolae, but others do not. Other differences between P. quasimodo and congeners are summarized in Table 1 .

The known distribution of this species includes Indonesia, Philippine Islands, and New Caledonia.

Character P. tuberculata P. quasimodo P. demon P. diablo P. rotunda P. teufel

Carapace Sub­rectangular Sub­rectangular Sub­rectangular Sub­rectangular Sub­oval Sub­rectangular Shape CW ~ CL CW ~ CL CW ~ CL CW <CL CW> CL CW ~ CL Carapace Dense coarse Dense fine Sparse coarse Sparse coarse Sparse coarse Dense fine Surface granules granules, granules among granules granules granules

dense short

setae

* Numbers refer to epigastric: mesogastric: metagastric: protogastric: urogastric tubercles on carapace.! Numbers refer to epibranchial: mesobranchial: metabranchial tubercles on carapace.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Dorsal views Paradynomene quasimodo n. sp. A, male holotype, 14.3 x 15.4 mm, Philippine Islands (ZRC 2001.360); B, paratype male, 17.6 x 17.7 mm, Philippine Islands (ZRC 2001.176).

FIGURE 6. Paradynomene quasimodo n. sp. male holotype, 14.3 x 15.4 mm,, Philippine Islands (ZRC 2001.360). A, schematic figure of carapace (small granules not drawn); B, schematic lateral view of carapace (small granules not drawn); C, gastric region of carapace showing pattern of granules; D, outer view of right chela; E, dorsal view of right cheliped (small granules not drawn). Scales = 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 14. Frontal views. A, Paradynomene tuberculata Sakai, 1963, male, 21.5 x 22.3 mm, Loyalty Islands (MNHN­B 25249); B, P. quasimodo n. sp., holotype male, 14.3 x 15.4 mm, Philippine Islands (ZRC 2001.360); C, P. d emo n n. sp., holotype female, 23.2 x 24.0 mm,, New Caledonia (MNHN­B 26602); D, P. diablo n. sp., holotype male, 11.4 x 12.6 mm, Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia (MNHN­B 26607); E, P. t e u f e l n. sp., holotype male 7.8 x 8.6 mm, Gulf of Aden (SMF); F, P. rotunda n. sp., holotype female, 19.0 x 18.0 mm, Chesterfield Islands (MNHN­B 26604).

Tables

TABLE 1. Comparison of differences between species of Paradynomene Sakai, 1963

Rostrum	Tridentate	Tridentate	Tridentate	Tridentate	Bidentate	Bidentate
Anterolateral Margin	2 hepatic + 6 ant. lat. teeth	2–3 hepatic + 5 ant. lat. teeth	2 hepatic + 5 ant. lat. teeth	2­3 hepatic + 4 ant. lat. teeth	No hepatic + 6 ant. lat. teeth	2 hepatic + 5 ant. lat. teeth
Gastric Tubercles*	2: 1: 2: 2: 2	2: 1: 2: 2: 0	2: 1: 2: 2: 2	2: 0: 2: 0: 0	2: 1: 2: 2: 2	2: 1: 2: 0: 0
Cardiac Tubercles	2	2	1	2	2	0
Intestinal Tubercles	1	1	1	0	0	0
Branchial Tubercles!	2: 2: 4	2: 2: 4	2: 2: 4	2: 2: 2	4: 6: 4	2: 2: 4
Total # Tubercles	20	18	19	12	25	13