Cosmocomoidea Howard

Huber, John T., 2015, World reclassification of the Gonatocerus group of genera (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), Zootaxa 3967 (1), pp. 1-184 : 15-22

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3967.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:809A05D1-3BAD-4A32-8D56-C91A6B609D00
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3499910
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587E3-3561-FFD1-41CB-FA85CFC7F788
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Cosmocomoidea Howard
status

Treatment

Cosmocomoidea Howard , stat. rev. (= ater species group, of authors)

( Figs 3–5 View FIGURES 1 – 3. 1 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 , 9–38 View FIGURES 6 – 9 View FIGURES 10 – 13 View FIGURE 14 View FIGURE 15 View FIGURE 16 View FIGURES 17, 18 View FIGURE 19 View FIGURES 20, 21 View FIGURE 22 View FIGURES 23 – 26 View FIGURE 27 View FIGURE 28 View FIGURE 29 View FIGURE 30 View FIGURE 31 View FIGURE 32 View FIGURE 33 View FIGURE 34 View FIGURE 35 View FIGURE 36 View FIGURE 37 View FIGURE 38 , 41–60 View FIGURE 41 View FIGURE 42 View FIGURES 43 – 48 View FIGURES 49 – 54 View FIGURES 55 – 60 )

Cosmocomoidea Howard, 1908: 69 ; Girault, 1929 [428]: 21 (implied synonymy under Ooctonus View in CoL ); Ogloblin, 1959a: 44 (subgenus under Lymaenon ); De Santis, 1979: 367 (subgenus under Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Matthews, 1986: 220 (species group [the ater group] within Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 94 (subgenus under Gonatocerus View in CoL ), 95 (key to Neotropical species); Triapitsyn, 2013a: 117 (subgenus under Gonatocerus View in CoL ), 118 (key to Palaearctic species), Triapitsyn, 2013b: 213 (key to Nearctic species).

Type species. Cosmocomoidea morrilli Howard , by monotypy.

Diagnosis. Within Gonatocerini, the species of Cosmocomoidea are distinguished by the following combination of features: subantennal sulci strongly converging and close together at mouth margin ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 43 – 48 ); ocellar triangle with 2 setae ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 43 – 48 ); pronutm with lobes abutting ( Fig. 49 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ); dorsellum rhomboidal, with anterior and posterior margins not parallel ( Fig. 49 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ); fore wing with microtrichia behind venation usually absent ( Fig. 19 View FIGURE 19 ) but, if present, only on one surface ( Fig. 20 View FIGURES 20, 21 ) or less dense than beyond venation; propodeum with two submedian carinae ( Figs 17 View FIGURES 17, 18 , 49 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ).

Description. FEMALE. Face with subantennal sulci present, strongly converging and close together, almost touching ventrally at mouth margin, the distance between them at mouth margin much less than their distance from preorbital sulcus ( Figs 10 View FIGURES 10 – 13 , 14 View FIGURE 14 a, 43, 48). Vertex with 2 setae between lateral ocelli ( Figs 9 View FIGURES 6 – 9 , 43, 46 View FIGURES 43 – 48 ). Occiput entire, without a transverse suture dividing it into upper and lower portions ( Figs 11 View FIGURES 10 – 13 , 14 View FIGURE 14 e, 45) but in the bucculentus subgroup of Huber (1988: 49) and Triapitsyn et al. (2010: 95) with a circular or oval sulcus constricting the gena behind and below eye ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 c, 46, 48). Funicle 8-segmented ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 1 – 3. 1 , 12, 13 View FIGURES 10 – 13 , 15 View FIGURE 15 a, b, 41, 42), the basal four segments often as long as apical four and at least one of the basal four with mps (apical four segments always have mps on some segments). Pronotum longitudinally divided, the lobes abutting medially ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 9 View FIGURES 6 – 9 , 17 View FIGURES 17, 18 , 49, 53 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ). Dorsellum rhomboidal, slightly to considerably longer medially than laterally, with anterior and posterior margins clearly not parallel ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 17, 18 View FIGURES 17, 18 , 49 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ), rarely narrow and almost parallel. Pronotal spiracle about the same diameter as propodeal spiracle ( Figs 50, 52 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ). Propodeum with one pair of submedian carinae varying considerably in shape, thickness, length, and distance apart ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 17 View FIGURES 17, 18 , 49, 54 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ), the carinae sometimes very short and/or faint and sometimes ( morrilli subgroup of Triapitsyn et al. 2010) with transverse wrinkles or carinae lateral to the submedian carinae ( Figs 49, 50 View FIGURES 49 – 54 ). Fore wing relatively wide, usually without microtrichia behind parastigma ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 1 – 3. 1 , 19 View FIGURE 19 , 38 View FIGURE 38 ) but, if present, the microtrichia usually not as dense or as uniformly distributed as beyond venation ( Fig. 41 View FIGURE 41 ), except on dorsal surface in the chusqueicolus subgroup (Triapitsyn et al. 2010: 94) ( Figs 20 View FIGURES 20, 21 a, 42). Stigmal vein with apex oblique ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 1 – 3. 1 , 38 View FIGURE 38 , 41 View FIGURE 41 , 42 View FIGURE 42 ).

MALE. Radicle short to very short, not or barely separated from scape by a faint line or sulcus. Scape short, at most about 3× as long as often small pedicel. Flagellum usually with relatively wide flagellomeres, sometimes with fl1 almost wide as long. Genitalia with apodeme of genital sternum longer than aedeagus; aedeagal apodemes not fused at junction with aedeagus and almost as long as apodeme of genital sternum; genitalia with fairly wide scooplike lateral projections (volsellae?) lateral to base of aedeagal apodemes (see examples in Triapitsyn 2010).

Discussion. With almost 100 nominal species, Cosmocomoidea is the second most speciose genus in Gonatocerini. Specimens of most species are relatively large and often have the fore wing with faint to pronounced colour band or bands but some are small and superficially resemble some Lymaenon species.

Triapitsyn et al. (2010) divided the Neotropical Cosmocomoidea (treated as a subgenus of Gonatocerus ) into two species groups, the ater and masneri groups. They subdivided the ater group into the ater , bucculentus , chusqueicolus , and morrilli subgroups. The two species they placed in the masneri group are transferred to Yoshimotoana, described below.

It was unfortunate that Matthews (1986) and Huber (1988) named the species here placed in Cosmocomoidea as the ater -group of Gonatocerus . As Triapitsyn (2013a) explained, the type series of C. ater (Förster) consists of four specimens representing at least three species belonging, in his classification, to two different subgenera, G. ( Cosmocomoidea ) and G. ( Lymaenon ). Triapitsyn upheld the type fixation by Matthews (1986) but noted it is a lectotype, not a holotype; this female definitely belongs to Cosmocomoidea . One male has a strap-like dorsellum and two rows of microtrichia behind the parastigma and definitely belongs to Lymaenon . A third specimen, a female, belongs to a second species of Cosmocomoidea . Förster’s fourth specimen is a male of uncertain identity. All four specimens are part of Förster’s original material, upon which he based his description and redescription of ater ( Förster 1841; Foerster 1847 —Foerster stated the number of specimens in this paper).

The gender of Cosmocomoidea is feminine ( Huber 2002). Because almost all the included species were originally described in Gonatocerus or Lymaenon , which are masculine, the names of the species listed under Cosmocomoidea have been changed to agree in gender, where necessary. In some cases it was difficult to determine if the name is an adjective or a noun in apposition. When in doubt I assumed, in the absence of other evidence, that the name was a noun in apposition and therefore the ending remains unchanged from the original spelling.

Distribution. Cosmocomoidea species occur in the Nearctic, Neotropical, Palaearctic and Oriental regions. In the latter region Cosmocomoidea species occur as far east as the Philippines. The genus is absent from the Ethiopian and Australian regions except for one Nearctic species deliberately introduced for biological control into French Polynesia ( Grandgirard et al. 2008), two other species accidentally introduced into the Hawaiian Islands ( Huber & Beardsley 2000), and C. novifasciatus (Girault) accidentally introduced into both the Hawaiian Islands and Guam (new records).

The greatest number and diversity of species occur in the Neotropical region. The Old World has relatively few species. In the Palaearctic region most species are dark brown or black and, especially in Europe, similar to each other but in the Oriental region they are usually more colourful and diverse.

Hosts and habitat. Cicadellidae (Proconini) . A few species have been studied in detail because of their importance in biological control of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Cicadellidae) (Triapitsyn 2006, Grandgirard et al. 2008). The greatest diversity of species is in forested habitats. Included species:

Cosmocomoidea abbreviata (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon abbreviatus Ogloblin 1953: 7 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA. De Santis in De Santis & Esquivel, 1967: 50 [transferred to Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) View in CoL ]; Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 99 [(transferred to Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Misiones, Loreto.

Cosmocomoidea annulicornis (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon annulicornis Ogloblin, 1936: 41 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). Lymaenon (Cosmocomoidea) annulicornis Ogloblin, 1959a: 50 (assigned to subgenus); De Santis, 1967: 10, 106 [(transferred to Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Misiones, Loreto.

Cosmocomoidea ashmeadi (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon dolichocerus ashmeadi Girault, 1915 [261]: 8; lectotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Girault, 1929 [428]: 25 (given species status); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 103 [(placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, Texas, no locality given.

Cosmocomoidea atra (Förster) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus ater Förster, 1841: 45 ; lectotype ♀ in NHMW (examined) (fixed by Triapitsyn, 2013a: 119 [incorrectly designated as holotype by Matthews 1986: 221]). Foerster, 1847: 206 (transferred to Rachistus ); Dalla Torre, 1898: 429 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 103 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Germany, Aachen. Cosmocomoidea empoascae (Subba Rao) . Lymaenon empoascae Subba Rao, 1966: 195 ; holotype ♀ in IARI. Subba Rao, 1983: 135 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). TL: India, Punjab, Jullundur. Synonymy under G. ater by Zeya & Hayat, 1995: 70.

Cosmocomoidea indica (Subba Rao & Kaur) . Lymaenon indicus Subba Rao & Kaur, 1959: 229 ; holotype ♀ in IARI. Subba Rao 1983: 135 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). TL: India, New Delhi. Synonymy under G. ater by Zeya & Hayat, 1995: 70.

Cosmocomoidea intermedia (Boţoc) . Lymaenon intermedius Boţoc, 1962: 108 ; holotype ♀ in Boţoc collection (lost). TL: Romania, Cluj-Napoca, Someş river floodplain. Synonymy under G. ater by Matthews, 1986: 222; treated as valid species by Pricop, 2010: 113. Synonymy under G. ater s. l. by Triapitsyn, 2013a: 119, but see his discussion on p. 129.

Cosmocomoidea nigroides (Narayanan & Subba Rao) . Lymaenon nigroides Narayanan & Subba Rao, 1961: 656 ; holotype ♀ in IARI. Subba Rao, 1983: 136 (as nigriodes [sic], transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). TL: India, Delhi. Synonymy under G. ater by Zeya & Hayat, 1995: 70.

Cosmocomoidea pannonica (Soyka) . Gonatocerus pannonicus Soyka, 1946: 39 ; holotype ♀ in NHMW. TL: Austria, Hundsheim. Synonymy under G. ater by Matthews, 1986: 221 and under G. ater , s. l. by Triapitsyn, 2013a: 119.

Cosmocomoidea populi (Viggiani) . Lymaenon populi Viggiani, 1969: 40 ; holotype ♀ in DEZA, but see Triapitsyn, 2013a: 122. Graham, 1973: 48 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). TL: Italy, Rome. Synonymy under G. ater by Matthews, 1986: 222; synonymy accepted by Triapitsyn, 2013a: 119, but see his discussion on p. 133.

Cosmocomoidea schmitzi (Debauche) . Lymaenon schmitzi Debauche, 1948: 86 ; holotype ♀ in IRSNB. Matthews, 1986: 221 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). TL: Belgium, Héverlé. Synonymy under G. ater by Matthews, 1986: 221.

Cosmocomoidea atriclava (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus triguttatus atriclavus Girault, 1917 View in CoL [316]: 19; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2002: 35 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL and given species status)]. TL: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, Mitan.

Cosmocomoidea barbos (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) barbos Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 111; holotype ♀ in UCRC. TL: Mexico, Veracruz, Tuxpan.

Cosmocomoidea blefuscu (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) blefuscu Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 114; holotype ♀ in UCRC. TL: Costa Rica, Cartago, Parque Nacional Tapantí.

Cosmocomoidea blesticus (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon blesticus Ogloblin, 1957: 39 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA. De Santis, 1967: 10, 103 (as biesticus [sic], transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 116 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Puerto Blest, Lago Nahuel Huapí, Río Negro.

Cosmocomoidea bonariensis (Brèthes) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Foersterella bonariensis Brèthes, 1922: 129 ; lectotype ♀ in MACN. De Santis, 1967: 10, 103 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 118 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Buenos Aires, General Urquiza. Cosmocomoidea enicmophila (Huber) . Gonatocerus enicmophilus Huber, 1988: 79 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, California, Riverside Co., Riverside, UCR Campus. Synonymy under G. bonariensis by Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 118.

Cosmocomoidea necator (Ogloblin) . Lymaenon necator Ogloblin, 1939: 241 ; De Santis in De Santis & Esquivel, 1967: 50 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). TL: Argentina, Buenos Aires, José C. Paz. Synonymy under G. bonariensis by Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 118.

Cosmocomoidea brachyura (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon brachyurus Ogloblin, 1938a: 32 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 103 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 122 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Buenos Aires, Tigre.

Cosmocomoidea bucculenta (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus bucculentus Huber, 1988: 76 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in CNC (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 125 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, Arizona, Cochise Co., 5 mi. W. Portal, Southwestern Research Station.

Cosmocomoidea capitata (Gahan) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatoceros [sic] capitatus Gahan, 1932: 754 ; lectotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, Utah, Centerville.

Cosmocomoidea carahuensis (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon carahuensis Ogloblin, 1957: 36 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 127 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Neuquén, Pucará, Lago Lacar.

Cosmocomoidea caudata (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus caudatus Ogloblin 1935: 74 View in CoL ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 131 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Misiones, Loreto.

Cosmocomoidea chusqueicola (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon chusqueicolus Ogloblin, 1957: 33 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA. De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 135 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Neuquén, Pucará, Lago Lacar.

Cosmocomoidea concinna (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon concinnus Ogloblin, 1936: 46 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 11, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 137 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Misiones, Loreto.

Cosmocomoidea coxalis (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon (Cosmocomoidea) coxalis Ogloblin, 1959a: 51 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1979: 368 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL [ Cosmocomoidea ]). TL: Ecuador, Esmeraldas, San Mateo.

Cosmocomoidea crassicornis (Viggiani) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon crassicornis Viggiani, 1969: 44 ; holotype ♂ in DEZA. Triapitsyn, 2013a: 137 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Russia, Adzarskoj RSSA, Sosna (but see Triapitsyn, 2013a: 137 for correct locality).

Cosmocomoidea cuscus (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) cuscus Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 141; holotype ♀ in UCRC (examined). TL: Peru, Cuzco, Picol, 3728 m.

Cosmocomoidea deleoni (Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Virla) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus deleoni Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Virla , in Triapitsyn et al., 2008: 5; holotype ♀ in MPLA. TL: Argentina, Buenos Aires.

Cosmocomoidea dolichocerus (Ashmead) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatoceru s dolichocerus Ashmead, 1887: 192 ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn, 2013a: 145 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, Florida, Duval Co., Jacksonville.

Cosmocomoidea elizavetae (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Cosmocomoidea elizavetae Triapitsyn, 2013b: 214 ; holotype ♀ in USNM. TL: USA, Illinois, Elizabethtown.

Cosmocomoidea ermi (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Cosmocomoidea ermi Triapitsyn, 2013b: 215 ; holotype ♀ in UCRC. TL: USA, California, Riverside Co., near Temecula, Sandia Creek near De Luz road.

Cosmocomoidea fasciata (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus fasciatus Girault, 1911 View in CoL [96]: 265; lectotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, Virginia, Arlington.

Cosmocomoidea flagellaris (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon flagellaris Ogloblin, 1959a: 61 ; holotype ♂ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1979: 12, 365 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 147 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Ecuador, Pichincha, vicinity of Quito.

Cosmocomoidea flagellata (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus flagellatus Huber, 1988: 78 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 148 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, Texas, Weslaco.

Cosmocomoidea garchamp (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) garchamp Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 150; holotype ♀ in MPLA (examined). TL: Argentina, Misiones, Loreto.

Cosmocomoidea garyi (Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus garyi Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar, 2013a: 89 ; holotype ♀ in EDAU. TL: India, Karnataka, Bengaluru, IWST campus.

Cosmocomoidea gerasim (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) gerasim Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 153; holotype ♀ in UCRC (examined). TL: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Gómez Farías, Estación Los Cedros, 340 m.

Cosmocomoidea gracilicornis (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon gracilicornis Ogloblin, 1936: 50 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 154 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Misiones, Loreto.

Cosmocomoidea grandis (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon grandis Ogloblin, 1936: 38 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 157 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Misiones, Loreto.

† Cosmocomoidea greenwalti (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus greenwalti Huber in Huber & Greenwalt, 2011: 486; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, Montana, Flathead River, Kishenehn Formation.

Cosmocomoidea gunathilagaraji (Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus gunathilagaraji Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar, 2013a: 92 ; holotype ♀ in EDAU. TL: India, Karnataka, Bengaluru, IWST campus.

Cosmocomoidea hayati (Zeya & Khan) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus hayati Zeya & Khan, 2012: 59 ; holotype ♀ in NPC. TL: India, West Bengal, Islampur, Sibdargipara.

Cosmocomoidea helavai (Yoshimoto) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus helavai Yoshimoto, 1990: 87 View in CoL ; holotype ♂ in CNC (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 160 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Panama, Cerro Campana, 850m [8.333ºN 81.967ºW].

Cosmocomoidea heratyi (Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus heratyi Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar, 2013a: 97 ; holotype ♀ in EDAU. TL: India, Karnataka, Bengaluru, IWST campus.

Cosmocomoidea impar (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus impar Huber, 1988: 69 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, CA, Menifee Valley, hills on W. end, 1800'.

Cosmocomoidea inaudita (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon inauditus Ogloblin, 1936: 36 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA, (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 166 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Loreto, Misiones.

Cosmocomoidea incompta (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus incomptus Huber, 1988: 67 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, California, Riverside Co., Riverside.

Cosmocomoidea inexpectata (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus inexpectatus Huber, 1988: 75 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in CNC (examined). TL: Canada, Ontario, Constance Bay.

Cosmocomoidea inflatiscapus (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus inflatiscapus Huber 1988: 70 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 170 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, California, Barton Flats, hwy. 38, Hathaway Creek.

Cosmocomoidea kashipurensis (Zeya & Khan) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus kashipurensis Zeya & Khan, 2012: 58 ; holotype ♀ in NPC. TL: India, Uttarakhand, Kashipur, Pipalia.

Cosmocomoidea kikimora (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) Triapitsyn, 2013a: 141 ; holotype ♀ in ZIN. TL: Russia, Primorskiy Kray, Ussuriyskiy rayon, Gornotayozhnoye.

Cosmocomoidea kiskis (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 172; holotype ♀ in MPLA (examined). TL: Argentina, Tucumán, Tafí Viejo.

Cosmocomoidea kodaiana (Mani & Saraswat) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Ooctonus kodaianus Mani & Saraswat, 1973: 78 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Zeya & Hayat, 1995: 66 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ) TL: India, Tamil Nadu, Anamalai-Kodaikanal Hills, Berijam.

† Cosmocomoidea kootenai (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus kootenai Huber in Huber & Greenwalt, 2011: 481; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, Montana, Flathead River, Kishenehn Formation.

Cosmocomoidea latipennis (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus latipennis Girault, 1911 View in CoL [96]: 268; holotype ♂ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn, 2013a: 145 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: North America, no locality given.

Cosmocomoidea maxima (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus maximus Girault, 1911 View in CoL [96]: 264; holotype ♀ in INHS (lost). TL: USA, Illinois, Pulaski. Synonymy under G. latipennis View in CoL by Huber, 1988: 60.

Cosmocomoidea logarzoi (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 174; holotype ♀ in MPLA (examined). TL: Argentina, Corrientes, 20 km E. Corrientes, Centro Nacional de Actividades Agrícolas.

Cosmocomoidea lucida (Dodd) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus lucidus Dodd, 1919: 161 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in BMNH (examined). TL: Indonesia, Java, Tjibodas.

Cosmocomoidea maculipennis (Ashmead) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Litus maculipennis Ashmead 1900: 265 View in CoL ; holotype ♂ in BMNH (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 176 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: St. Vincent and the Grenadines, St. Vincent Island.

Cosmocomoidea marilandica (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus marilandicus Girault, 1917 View in CoL [301]: 115; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, Maryland, Glenn Dale.

Cosmocomoidea metanotalis (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon metanotalis Ogloblin, 1938a: 35 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 179 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Misiones, Puerto Rico.

Cosmocomoidea monticola (Zeya) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus monticolus Zeya View in CoL in Zeya & Hayat, 1995: 68; holotype ♀ in BMNH (examined). TL: India, Uttar Pradesh, Mussoorie.

Cosmocomoidea morgani (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus morgani S. Triapitsyn, 2006: 9 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in UCRC. TL: USA, California, Orange Co., Irvine, Irvine Ranch.

Cosmocomoidea morrilli Howard View in CoL , comb. rev. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Cosmocomoidea morrilli Howard, 1908: 69 ; lectotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Girault, 1929 [428]: 21 (transferred to Ooctonus View in CoL ); Ogloblin, 1959a: 50 [(transferred to Lymaenon (Cosmocomoidea) ]; Bouček & Graham, 1972: 127 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); De Santis, 1979: 12, 367 [(placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, Florida, Orlando.

Cosmocomoidea mumu (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) mumu Triapitsyn in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 185; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). TL: Argentina, Misiones, Loreto, Ruinas Jesuíticas.

Cosmocomoidea nasuta (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon nasutus Ogloblin, 1939: 244 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 187 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Misiones, Loreto.

Cosmocomoidea nigriflagellum (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Ooctonus nigriflagellum Girault, 1914 [195]: 150; holotype ♀ in ZMHB. Mendonça Filho, 1972: 39 (transferred to Lymaenon ); De Santis, 1979: 12, 366 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 189 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Paraguay, San Bernardino.

Cosmocomoidea h-lutea (Ogloblin). Lymaenon h-luteum Ogloblin, 1938a: 29 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 104 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). TL: Argentina: Buenos Aires, Villa Ballester. Synonymy under nigriflagellum by Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 189.

Cosmocomoidea nigrithorax (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon nigrithorax Ogloblin, 1953: 2 ; lectotype ♀ in MLPA. De Santis, 1967: 104 [transferred to Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) View in CoL ]; Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 194 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Misiones, Monte Carlo.

Cosmocomoidea novifasciata (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus novifasciatus Girault, 1911 View in CoL [96]: 266; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 200 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, Tennessee, no locality given.

Cosmocomoidea oxypygus (Foerster) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus oxypygus Foerster, 1856: 118 ; neotype ♀ in MHNG, designated by Triapitsyn, 2013a: 150. Triapitsyn, 2013a: 150 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Europe, possibly Germany, Aachen (see Triapitsyn, 2013a: 150, for discussion of locality).

Cosmocomoidea megalura Mathot. Lymaenon megalura Mathot, 1969: 8 ; holotype ♀ in IRSNB. TL: Belgium, Louvain. Synonymy under G. oxypygus by Triapitsyn, 2013a: 150.

Cosmocomoidea ovicenatus (Leonard & Crosby) . Gonatocerus ovicenatus Leonard & Crosby, 1915: 545 View in CoL ; lectotype ♀ in CUIC (examined). TL: USA, New York, Ithaca. Synonymy under G. oxypygus by Triapitsyn, 2013a: 150.

Cosmocomoidea parcepilosa (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon parcepilosus Ogloblin, 1957: 35 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA. De Santis, 1967: 10, 105 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 202 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Neuquén, Pucará, Lago Lacar.

Cosmocomoidea portoricensis (Dozier) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus portoricensis Dozier, 1937: 131 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 205 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . TL: Puerto Rico, Isabela.

Cosmocomoidea quadrivittata (Dozier) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus quadrivittatus Dozier, 1932: 81 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 207 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Haiti, Port-au-Prince.

Cosmocomoidea quirogai (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon quirogai Ogloblin, 1936: 44 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). TL: Argentina, Misiones, Tedyú Cuaré, opposite San Ignacio. Ogloblin, 1959a: 50 [placed in Lymaenon (Cosmocomoide a)]; De Santis, 1967: 10, 106 [(transferred to Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ].

Cosmocomoidea rakitovi (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) rakitovi Triapitsyn , in Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 212; holotype ♀ in UCRC (examined). TL: Costa Rica, Cartago, Parque Nacional Tapantí, 1290 m.

† Cosmocomoidea rasnitsyni (Huber) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus rasnitsyni Huber in Huber & Greenwalt, 2011: 483; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: USA, Montana, Flathead River, Kishenehn Formation.

Cosmocomoidea rogersi (Matthews) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus rogersi Matthews, 1986: 222 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in BMNH. Triapitsyn, 2013a: 161 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: England, Hampshire, Awbridge.

Cosmocomoidea rufescens (Ashmead) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Polynema rufescens Ashmead, 1904: 521 View in CoL ; holotype ♂ in USNM (examined). Ogloblin, 1946: 286 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 213 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Brazil, Pernambuco.

Cosmocomoidea sahadevani (Subba Rao & Kaur) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Lymaenon sahadevani Subba Rao & Kaur, 1959: 231 ; holotype ♀ in IARI. Subba Rao & Hayat, 1983: 136 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). TL: India, New Delhi.

Cosmocomoidea schajovskoii (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon schajovskoii ( Ogloblin, 1957: 37) ; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 105 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 215 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Neuquén, Pucará, Lago Lacar.

Cosmocomoidea seminigra (Ogloblin) , comb n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon (Cosmocomoidea) Ogloblin, 1959a: 53 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA. De Santis, 1979: 12, 368 [transferred to Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Ecuador, Esmeraldas, San Mateo.

Cosmocomoidea tremulae (Bakkendorf) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon tremulae Bakkendorf, 1934: 30 ; lectotype ♀ in ZMUC (lost). Bakkendorf did not specify a holotype or state the number of specimens he examined so the holotype designation by Matthews (1986) is deemed a lectotype under ICZN Rule 74.6. Bouček & Graham, 1978a: 109 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn, 2013a: 163 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL , and lectotype fixation]. TL: Denmark, Copenhagen, Fortunen Indelukke. Synonymy under G. ovicenatus View in CoL by Baquero & Jordana, 2002: 16; treated as separate species by Pricop, 2010: 117.

Cosmocomoidea trialbifuniculatus (Subba Rao) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus trialbifuniculatus Subba Rao 1989: 147 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in BMNH (examined). TL: India, Karnataka, 25 km W. Mudigere.

Cosmocomoidea triangulifera (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon triangulifer Ogloblin, 1959a: 56 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1979: 367 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 221 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Ecuador, Esmeraldas, San Mateo

Cosmocomoidea triguttata (Girault) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus triguttatus Girault, 1916 View in CoL [287]: 297; lectotype ♀ in USNM (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 222 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Trinidad, Caroni.

Cosmocomoidea tuberculifemur (Ogloblin) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Lymaenon tuberculifemur Ogloblin, 1957: 38 ; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). De Santis, 1967: 10, 105 (transferred to Gonatocerus View in CoL ); Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 225 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina: Neuquén, Pucará, Lago Lacar.

Cosmocomoidea uat (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus uat S. Triapitsyn View in CoL in Triapitsyn et al., 2006: 58, holotype ♀ in UCRC (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 227 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Mexico, San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles.

Cosmocomoidea udakamanda (Mani & Saraswat) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus View in CoL . Gonatocerus udakamandus Mani & Saraswat, 1973: 96 ; holotype ♀ in USNM (examined). TL: India, Ootacamund, Doddabetta.

Cosmocomoidea virlai (Triapitsyn, Logarzo & de León), comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus virlai S. Triapitsyn, Logarzo & de León in Triapitsyn et al., 2007: 62; holotype ♀ in MLPA (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 229 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: Argentina, Tucumán, Tafí Viejo.

Cosmocomoidea walkerjonesi (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus walkerjonesi S. Triapitsyn, 2006: 15 View in CoL ; holotype ♀ in UCRC (examined). Triapitsyn et al., 2010: 231 [placed in Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL ]. TL: USA, California, Ventura Co., Fillmore.

Cosmocomoidea woohoo (Triapitsyn) , comb. n. from Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) View in CoL . Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) Triapitsyn, 2013a: 168 ; holotype ♀ in CAS. TL: Russia, Sakhalinskaya Oblast’, Sakhalin Island, ~ 6 km E. Sokol.