Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis, (NOODT, 1962)

Corgosinho, Paulo H. C., Arbizu, Pedro Martínez & Dos Santos-Silva, Edinaldo N., 2010, Revision of Brasilibathynellocaris Jakobi, 1972 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Parastenocarididae) with redefinition of the genus, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (3), pp. 527-566 : 544-547

BRASILIBATHYNELLOCARIS SALVADORENSIS ( NOODT, 1962) ( FIGS 14–19 )

Parastenocaris salvadorensis Noodt – Noodt (1962: 233); Rouch (1986), Dussart & Defaye (1990).

Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis (Noodt) – Jakobi (1972a).

Material examined: Syntypes from sample S 175 ( Noodt, 1962); from this sample, Noodt prepared nine slides now stored at DZMB (Noodt collection, box 6, slide nos. 28–36); only slides 28–33 carry members of B. salvadorensis s.s., as follows: four males (slide no. 28) , one neotenic male (29), three females (30), five females (31) , nine females (32), four females (33). Additional material: male copepodid V dissected and mounted on six slides (labelled SI to SVI) and deposited in DZMB (Noodt collection, box A); the exact locality of this sample is not mentioned and unknown, as the vial, which contains male and female adults and juveniles of B. salvadorensis , is labelled with the species name only.

Collecting locality: El Salvador, groundwater from bank of Rio Zacatiapa, on road between San Salvador and Zacatecoluca. See note in ‘Collecting locality’ section under B. panamericana .

Description

Male: Length as in Noodt (1962). Rostrum not fused to cephalothorax, with a wide base and two sensilla on tip. Cephalothorax with dorsal integumental window, second to fifth urosomites with one dorsal integumental window each. Telson smooth ( Fig. 14 ), anal operculum smooth and slightly concave ( Noodt, 1962: 234, fig. 30). Furca ( Fig. 14 ) with seven setae; setae I– III inserted proximally to the middle of furca, anterior to seta VII; seta II very reduced; seta IV subdistal, inserting dorsally, on outer margin of furca; setae V very long, inserting on distal margin of furca ( Noodt, 1962: 234, fig. 30); seta VI much shorter than seta V inserting beneath it; seta VII of about same size as seta VI, socketed at basis and inserting dorsally, on inner margin of furca. A1 ( Fig. 15A ) eight-segmented and prehensile; armature beginning with proximal segment: 0/6/4/2/5 + Ae/3/2/9 + Ae. A2 and mouthparts as in B. brasilibathynellae . Praecoxa of legs 1–4 is a distinct and relatively large triangular section adjacent to the outer proximal corner of coxa ( Figs 15B , 16A–C ). Leg 1 ( Fig. 15B ) coxa unarmed; basis with outer seta and one pore on anterior outer margin, three spinules on outer margin, and a row of eight small spinules distally inserted between endopod and exopod; exopod three-segmented, exp-1 with outer spine, exp-2 unarmed, exp-3 with two outer spines and two geniculate setae of different lengths; endopod two-segmented, enp-1 as long as the combined length of first two exopod segments, with two outer transversal rows of spinules and a distal longitudinal row of spinules on inner margin, enp-2 with one outer spine, one geniculate seta, and a posterior hyaline frill. Leg 2 ( Fig. 16A ) coxa unarmed, with one row of small spinules on anterior margin; basis without outer seta and ornamented with one longitudinal row of spinules and one pore on outer margin; exopod threesegmented, exp-1 with a long outer spine and a hyaline frill on distal inner corner; exp-2 without armature and with two divergent transversal rows of long spinules inserted distally (hair-like spinules on distal inner corner); exp-3 with three setae, distal hyaline frill at distal inner corner and row of long spinules on outer distal corner; endopod onesegmented, shorter than exp-1, with a longitudinal row of five short spinules on inner basal margin, one longitudinal row of four spinules of increasing length on inner distal margin, one apical setae, one subapical strong spinule on outer margin, and a transversal row of three long spinules at one-third of the outer margin. Leg 3 ( Fig. 16B ) coxa unarmed; basis with a long outer seta, an inner strong (hook-shaped) spinule on proximal portion, and two rows of spinules of different sizes near insertion of endopod; endopod represented by a slender seta; exopod inwardly curved, strong, ending in a long forceps formed by apophysis and thumb (both with a hyaline margin); proximally with a hyaline ‘cushion’. Leg 4 ( Fig. 16C ) coxa with two long and strong spinules on anterior side (around them we can observe a weakly chitinized zone) and a row of small spinules posteriorly inserted; basis with an outer seta, an outer pore, and a row of spinules on outer margin; exp-1 reduced in length and with an invagination on proximal inner corner, anteriorly with a row of four strong spinules; outer margin strongly ornamented and with an outer spine; exp-2 unarmed, with a distal row of long spinules on outer corner and a row of smaller spinules on distal inner corner; exp-3 with two distal setae of different length and with three big spinules on distal outer corner; endopod subtrapezoidal, quadratic on proximal margin and prolonged in an inner blunt tip with distal hyaline margin. Leg 5 trapezoidal, with an inner process, an intercoxal plate, an outer basal seta, and two distal setae ( Figs 14B , 16D ). Leg 6 is an unarmed, rounded, and asymmetrical operculum covering the genital aperture ( Fig. 14B ), appearing as a triangular plate in lateral view ( Fig. 14C ).

Female: Sexually dimorphic in A1, legs 2–5, genital somite, and furca. Length as in Noodt (1962). Integumental windows as in B. brasilibathynellae . Telson smooth, anal operculum smooth and slightly concave ( Noodt, 1962: 234, fig. 29). Furca as in male, with seven setae; setae I– III inserted proximally to the middle of furca, anterior to seta VII; setae 2 reduced or absent. A1 as in female of B. panamericana ( Fig. 13D ). A2 and mouthparts as in male. Praecoxa of legs 2–4 is a distinct and relatively large triangular section adjacent to the outer proximal corner of coxa ( Fig. 17A–C ). Leg 1 as in male. Leg 2 ( Fig. 17B ) coxa unarmed, with one row of small spinules on posterior margin; basis without outer seta and ornamented with one row of spinules and one pore on outer margin; exopod three-segmented, exp-1 with long outer spine and with a hyaline frill on distal inner corner, exp-2 and exp-3 as in male; endopod one-segmented, less ornamented than in male. Leg 3 ( Fig. 17C ) coxa unarmed; basis with an outer seta and an outer pore; endopod represented by a short segment with a subdistal spinule; exopod two-segmented; exp-1 with an outer spine and one on the distal corner; exp-2 with two setae, a hyaline frill on the distal inner corner, and two spinules on distal outer corner. Leg 4 ( Fig. 17A ) coxa and basis unarmed; basis with an outer seta, an outer pore and two spinules below it; endopod onesegmented, longer than exp-1, with a transverse row of spinules medially inserted, probably delineating the original separation between endopod and pinnate distal seta, now incorporated into segment; exopod three-segmented, exp-1 normally developed, with an outer spine and a hyaline frill on distal inner corner; exp-2 and exp-3 as in male. Leg 5 trapezoidal, with an inner process, an intercoxal plate, an outer basal seta, and two distal setae inserted on outer margin ( Fig. 17D ). Genital field as illustrated in Figure 17E . Genital operculum formed by two lateral and unarmed plates covering the gonopores. Single medially located copulatory pore.

Figures

Figure 13. Brasilibathynellocaris panamericana, female. A, coxa, basis, endopod, and exopod 1 of leg 2. B, leg 3. C, coxa, basis, endopod, and exopod 1 of leg 4. D, antennule. E, female genital field. Scale bars 1 (for A–C), 2 (for D), 3 (for E) = 20 Mm.

Figure 14. Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis. A, lateral view of male telson. B, ventral view of first and second urosomite of male. C, lateral view of second urosomite of male. Vertical scale bar (for A) = 50 Mm. Scale bar 1 (for B) = 20 Mm. Scale bar 2 (for C) = 20 Mm.

Figure 15. Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis, male. A, antennule. B, leg 1. Scale bar = 20 Mm.

Figure 16. Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis, male. A, leg 2. B, leg 3. C, leg 4. D, leg 5. Scale bar = 20 Mm.

Figure 17. Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis, female. A, coxa, basis, endopod, and exopod 1 of leg 4. B, coxa, basis, endopod, and exopod 1 of leg 2. C, leg 3. D, leg 5. E, female genital field. Vertical scale bar (for A–D) and horizontal scale bar (for E) = 20 Mm.

Figure 18. Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis, neotenic male. A, antennule. B, leg 3. C, leg 4. D, leg 2. Scale bars (upper for A–C, lower for D) = 20 Mm.

Figure 19. Brasilibathynellocaris salvadorensis, male of copepodid V. A, furca. B, antennule. C, leg 3. D, leg 4. E, leg 5. Solid arrows point to structures of the adult developing inside the copepodid; open arrows point to structures of the copepodid that will be reduced or absent in the adult. Scale bars (upper for A–D, lower for E) = 20 Mm.