Panthea

Behounek, G., Han, H. L. & Kononenko, V. S., 2013, Revision of the Old World genera Panthea Hübner, [1820] 1816 and Pantheana Hreblay, 1998 with description two new species from China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Pantheinae). Revision of Pantheinae, contribution IX, Zootaxa 3746 (3), pp. 422-438 : 424-426

Checklist of Panthea

Old World

P. coenobita (Esper, 1785) = latefasciata Rebel, 1910 = ussuriensis Warnecke, 1917 = immaculata Sheljuzhko, 1920 = idae Bryk, 1948

P. grisea Wileman, 1919 P. fuscogrisea sp. n.

P. florianii sp. n.

P. ro b e r t i Joannis, 1928 = hoenei Draudt, 1950 , syn. n.

New World (after Anweiler, 2009) P. apanthea Anweiler, 2009

P. reducta Anweiler, 2009

P. judyae Anweiler, 2009

P. gigantea (French, 1890)

P. furcilla furcilla (Packard, 1864) P. furcilla australis Anweiler, 2009 P. greyi Anweiler, 2009

P. acronyctoides acronyctoides (Walker, 1861) P. acronyctoides nigra Anweiler, 2009 P. virginarius (Grote, 1880)

Panthea coenobita (Esper, 1785) (Figs 1–4, 25, 29, 37)

Phalaena , Bombyx coenobita Esper, 1785 , Die Schmettlinge in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen, 3: 196, Pl. 37: 7. Type locality: Germany, Erlangen. Type: female, Nr. 1164, ZSM, München.

Panthea coenobita ab. latefasciata Rebel, 1910, Fr. Berge’s Schmetterlingbush nach dem gegenwärtigen Stande der Lepidopterologie. edition, 9: 141, infrasubspecific name.

Panthea coenobita ssp. ussuriensis Warnecke, 1917, Neue Beiträge zur Systematischen Insektenkunde, 1:32 (Type-locality: [ Russia] Ussuri)

Panthea coenobita f. kotschubeyi Sheljuzhko, 1920, Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftlichen Insektenbiologie 15: 188, infrasubspecific name.

Panthea coenobita f. immaculata Sheljuzhko, 1920, Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftlichen Insektenbiologie 15: 188, infrasubspecific name.

Panthea coenobita idae Bryk, 1948 , Arkiv für Zoology (A)1: 50, Pl. 1: 23 (Type localty: Japan, Kariuzawa. Holotype: male, NHRM, Stockholm).

References: Warren in Seitz A. (ed.) 1909: 10, Pl. 2 row a ( Panthea ); Sugi 1982: I:671, II: 344, Pl. 164: 18, 19 ( Panthea ); Bryk 1948: 50, Pl.1: 23 ( Panthea coenobita idae ); Kozhanchikov, 1950: 413, fig. 205, gen. 206, male and female ( Diphthera ); Forster & Wohlfahrt 1980: 237, Pl. 25: 40 ( Panthea ); Chen 1982: 239, fig. 1736 ( Panthea ); Poole 1989: 765 ( Panthea ); Kononenko et al. 1998: 177, f ig. 456 ( Panthea ); Chen 1999: 64, Pl.1: 17, gen. 26 male ( Panthea ); Kononenko, 2005: 132 ( Panthea ); Kononenko, & Han 2007: 85, gen. 79: 1 male, 229: 6 female ( Panthea ); Hacker & Zilli 2007: 223, gen. 9 male, 10 female ( Panthea ); Matov et al. 2008: 256 ( Panthea ); Fibiger et al. 2009: 21, Pl. 1: 1–4, gen. 1 male, 173 female ( Panthea ); Kononenko, 2010: 172, Pl. 21: 3–5, gen. 107: 2 male, 179: 2 female ( Panthea ); Volynkin 2012: 63, Pl. 7: 3–4 ( Panthea ).

Material examined. Over 500 specimens from different part of Palaearctic from Europe to Russian Far East, Japan, North China and Korea. GERMANY: S Bavaria, Sachsenhausen, 650 m, 47°56'02"N, 11°28'23"E, Behounek G. leg., vi. (GB/ZSM); Lenggries, Hohenwiesen, 720 m, 47°37'26"N, 11°35'56"E, Behounek G. leg., 9.vi.1977 (GB/ZSM); Königsdorfer-Moor, 2 km E Hofstätt, 600 m, 47°49'22"N, 11°27'00"E, Behounek G. leg., 13.–17.vi.1977 (GB/ZSM); Deininger-Moor, bei Wolfratshausen, 650 m, 47°57'06,30''N, 11°29'59.30''E, Behounek G. leg., vi., vii. (GB/ZSM); Schöngeising Umg., ca. 600 m, 48°07'56"N, 11°13'30"E, Schacht W. leg., 19.v.1982 (GB/ZSM); Spitzinggebiet, Firstgraben, 1200m, 47°40'04"N, 11°52'17"E, A. E. Rau leg. ex coll., 17.vi.1982 (GB/ ZSM); München, Kloster Schäftlarn, 600 m, 58’55"N, 11°27’49"E, 47°5, Behounek G. leg., M. vi.1976 (GB/ZSM); Deisenhofen, (Oberhaching), 600 m, 48°06'10"N, 11°29'20"E, Behounek G. leg., vi., vii. (GB/ZSM); SO Bavaria, Grafing, 520 m, 48°02’30"N, 11°58’07"E, Behounek G. leg. 22.vi.2002 (GB/ZSM); Thuringia, near Eisenach, 50°58'N, 10°19'E, collector unknown, vi. (GB/ZSM); ITALY, Trentino-S. Tirol, Prov. Bozen, Latsch, 700 m, 46°37'N, 10°53'E, Brückl leg. (GB/ZSM); Schnalstal bei Naturns, Umg. Vernagt, 1000–1850 m, 46°44’N, 10°52’E, Behounek G. leg., 14.vi.1984 (GB/ZSM); JAPAN: Honshu, Nagano Pref., Minami-Azumi, Shirahone, 1600 m, 36°50’ N, 138°14’E, Kinoshita S. leg., 27.–28.vii.1989 (GB/ZSM); Abo Pass, 1812 m, Minami Azumi, (subalpine zone), 44°08’, 140°48’E, Kinoshita S. leg., 15.viii.1981 (GB/ZSM); Okayama Pref., Mt. Hirusen, Kawakahi-mura, 34°42’N, 133°56’E, Kinoshita S. leg., 1.viii.1978 (GB/ZSM); Shiga Pref., Mt. Hira, 980 m, Shaka-dake, 35°10’ N, 136°10’E, Kinoshita S. leg., 17.viii.1980, coll. J. Stumpf; Yamanashi Pref., Ohtsuki, Koganezawa rindo, Fukashiro, 600–800 m, 35°41’N, 138°40’E, Yoshimoto H. leg., 9.viii.1980 (GB/ZSM); AUSTRIA: Steiermark, Gulsenberg nr. Preg, 450–700 m, Meier H. leg., 3.vii.1953 (GB/ZSM); Teufenbach, 47°07’N, 14°20’E, Meier H. leg., 15.ix.1953 (GB/ZSM); RUSSIA, European part, Region Bryansk, Dobrun/ Paluje, 45°00’N, 21°37’E, collector unknown, vii (GB/ZSM); UKRAINE: Tscherkassy, Kostjuk I. leg., 10.vii.1986 (GB/ZSM); RUSSIA: Primorye terr., Khabarovsk terr., Sakhalin, Irkutsk reg. (coll. IBSS, Coll. ZISP).

Diagnosis. Wingspan 45–55 mm. Unmistakable species with rather narrow and oblique forewing and distinct wing pattern formed by four dentate black crosslines, small orbicular and reniform stigmata on white ground colour. Female somewhat larger than male, with broader forewing; male antennae bipectinate, those of female filiform. Male genitalia (Fig. 29): uncus small, reduced, subscaphium large, with wide base and narrow apical part, apically bilobate. Valva quadrangular, with somewhat extended apical margin and with large, extended harpe. Aedeagus with short vesica armed with three very large cornuti. Female genitalia ( Fig. 37 ): papillae anales short, quadrangular, antrum very short, bursae elongate membranous, with sclerotised caudal part. Panthea coenobita varies greatly in colour pattern depending on location and habitat; in some populations dark elements of the pattern are developed more strongly, in others white elements are developed more. The species has continuous distribution in the Palaearctic. Therefore we do not separate Panthea coenobita ussuriensis and Panthea coenobita idae as a subspecies.

Distribution. Eurasian boreal species distributed from Europe, Near East, Russia (from European part and the Ural through Siberia to the Far East, Sakhalin and Kuriles) to Northeast China, Korea and Japan. Mesophilous species inhabits coniferous woodlands, locally abundant in dark coniferous taiga. Univoltine. The moth flies from late V to VIII. Larvae oligophagous on coniferous trees Pinus sylvestris , P. cembrae , P. koraensis , Picea , Abies , Larix (Matov & Kononenko 2012) .

Panthea grisea Wileman, 1910 (Figs 5–8, 30, 38)

Panthea grisea Wileman, 1910 , Entomologist 43: 345. Type-locality: Taiwan, Rantaizan, in NHM. Holotype: male, NHM (BMNH, London).

References: Chang 1991: 14, fig. 7 ( Panthea ); Fu & Tzuoo 2002: 76, Pl.23: 17 ( Panthea ); Hampson 1913: 367, Pl.234: 6 ( Diphthera ); Hreblay 1998: 11, gen. 11– 12 male, 13 female ( Panthea ); Poole 1989: 765 ( Panthea ); Wang, 1996: 197 fig. ( Panthea ).

Material examined. Types. Holotype: male, Rantaizan, Formosa 7500 ft, 11.v.1909. A. E. Wileman // Wileman coll. B.M. 1929-261 // Panthea grisea , sp.n. type, female // Type // NHM (BMNH), London), examined by photos. Other material examined. 1 male, TAIWAN, Prov. Nantou, Meifeng, 2100–2250 m, 24°15’ N, 21°10’E, Chen M. Y. & Buchsbaum U. leg., 15.ix.2002, slide 8159 male (GB/ZSM); 1 male, Prov. Hualien, Kuanyuan, 2340–2550 m, 24°11’N, 121°20’ E, László Gy. M. & G. László leg. 20.v.1997 (GB/ZSM); 1 female, Prov. Taitung, Hsiangyang, Police Station, 2330 m, Fabian Gy. & Kovács S. leg., 29.–30.iv.1997, slide. 8160 (GB/ ZSM), München; 1 male, Prov. Nantou, Tungshih 49 km E, 2490 m, 24°19’ N, 121°03’E, Csóvári T. & Stéger P. leg., 21.vi.1997 (GB/ZSM); 1 male, Prov Nantou, Tili 3 km E, 23°47’ N, 120°58’E, Csóvári T. & Stéger P. leg., 31.iii.1996 (GB/ZSM); 2 males, Prov. Hualien, Tienchih 10 km NE, 2100 m, 24°01’N, 121°32’E, Hreblay M. & Stéger P. leg. 23.v.1995 (GB/ZSM); 2 males, Prov. Nantou, Ursun Forest, 560 m, 16 km E Kuohsing, 24°03’ N, 121°46’E, Csóvari T. & Mikus L. leg., 20.–21.vii.1996 (GB/ZSM); 1 male, Prov. Nantou, Puli, 12–25 km north, 500 m, Taroko National-Park, (Huisun forest) 24°00’N, 120°57’E, Csorba & Ronkay, leg., 12.–13.iv.1997 (GR); 1 male, Prov. Nantou, Hohuanshan Mts., 2750 m, road No. 14, 24 °07’ N, 121°11’E, Kun A. & E Juhász leg., 8.viii.1999, slide 12093 male GB (GR); 1 male, Prov. Nantou, Hohuanshan Huisun Forest area, 500 m, 15 km N Pull, 12–13.iv.1997, Csorba & Ronkay leg. (HNHM); 1 female, Prov Nantou, Tayuling, 2750 m, 28.vi.1997, Kovacs T. S. leg., slide No BB 39 female, B. Benedek, 2001 (HNHM). This and next taxa comprise a group of closely related species, characterised by dull grey forewing colour and thin, reduced wing pattern and details of structure of male and female genitalia. In male genitalia tegumen with large lateral ear-like subuncal lobes and straight latero-apically directed harpe, extending plate of valva; vesica with large basal cornutus and two smaller apical ones; in female genitalia ductus very short, sterigma strongly sclerotised.

Diagnosis. Adult (Figs 5–8).Wingspan 42–45 (male) to 44–46 mm (female). Ground colour of forewing ash grey, wing pattern formed by thin diffused dentate lines with whitish bordering; orbicular as blackish spot, reniform small, greyish surrounded by whitish triangular spot from inner side; medial shadow close to or joined with antemedial line; hindwing pale grey, with diffused blackish medial and subterminal bands; cilia whitish and dark greyish, speckled. Male genitalia (Fig. 30). Uncus short, curved, subuncus tongue-like; tegumen with large, pointed and slightly curved subuncal lobes; juxta shield-like; valva relatively short, with massive sacculus and short massive harpe directed ventro-apically; aedeagus with short sack-like vesica armed with huge basal cornutus and two small apical cornuti. Female genitalia. ( Fig. 38 ). Papillae anales rather broad, quadrangular; apophyses anteriores and posteriores almost equal in length; VIII segment broad, heavily sclerotised; ductus bursae short, sclerotised, with large rounded heavily sclerotised sterigma; corpus bursae relatively short, sack-like.

Distribution. The species is known only from Taiwan Isl. (Provinces Hualien, Nantou, Rantaizan, Taichung, Taitung, Taroko National-Park). It occurs in mixed and coniferous forests at elevation 500–2500 m. Adult in March, April, May, June, July, September. Larvae feed on coniferous trees Picea jesoensis (Pinaceae) (Hampson 1913).

Figures

FIGURES 37 – 42. Panthea and Pantheana spp., female genitalia. 37 — P. coenobita, Russia, Sakhalin; 38 — P. grisea, Taiwan, 8160 GB; 39 — P. fuscogrisea, paratype, HHL- 2607 - 2; 40 — P. florianii, paratype, 8150 GB; 41 — P. roberti, HHL- 1497 - 2; 42 — Pantheana jangzisherpana, Nepal, ZSM 4153 GB.