Paraedessa Silva & Fernandes

Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes & Fernandes, José Antônio Marin, 2013, Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), Zootaxa 3716 (3), pp. 395-416 : 396-397

Paraedessa Silva & Fernandes gen. nov.

Etymology. The name makes reference to a similarity between the species of the new genus and those of Edessa . Gender: feminine.

Type species: Cimex stolidus Linneus, 1758 .

Small species (10–13 mm in length). Body green dorsally ( Figs. 50–58 ) and ventrally light yellow. Humeral angles not developed ( Figs. 50–58 ). Corium dark and densely punctured with some impunctate whitish areas. Dorsal surface of abdomen blue metallic with median white spots ( Figs. 50, 54 , 56, 58 ). Ventral surface with dark transverse stripes. Proctiger without a lateral dense pilose strip or tuft of hair; laterally expanded ( Figs. 2 , 12 , 17 , 22 , 27 , 32 , 37 , 41 , 46 ). Gonocoxites 8 reduced ( Figs. 5 , 15 , 20 , 25 , 30 , 35 , 44 , 49 ) and gonapophyses 8 exposed and sclerotized

Head: Triangular, wider than long, with margins yellow, impunctate. Juga longer than tylus and contiguous in front of it, anteriorly rounded and somewhat bent ventrally. Bucculae large, evanescent and enclosing the first rostral segment. Second rostral segment longer than third and fourth together. Fourth rostral segment with a black spot on posterior portion. Antenna yellow ( Figs. 50–55 , 57–58 ) and pilose. Antennal segments increasing in length from I to V.

Thorax: Pronotum trapezoidal, wider than long, with yellow margin, dark deep punctures uniformly distributed throughout the length, except for the cicatrices which are calloused and impunctate. Anterolateral angle armed with small tooth or not. Anterolateral margin grooved. Scutellum with dark deep punctures concentrated mesially; apex acute, without punctures and armed with small tooth. Membrane of hemelytra brown ( Figs. 50–58 ). Evaporatorium concolorous with the pleura to whitish, dull and slightly rugose. Peritreme flagelliform, bright and almost reaching the lateral margin of the body. Evaporatorium with circular callosed spot on the edge. Metasternal process longer than wide, high, pilose, with a short anterior bifurcation, apex of each arm rounded and evanescent, enclosing the last rostral segment ( Fig. 6 ). Legs yellow ( Figs. 51–53, 55 , 57 ) with distal margin of the femora black.

Abdomen: Connexivum exposed with sparse concolorous punctures; posterolateral angles of segments armed with small black tooth, lateral margin dark. Segment VII with dorsal black spot that occupies half of segment ( Figs. 50–58 ). Ventral surface with small round yellow spot close to lateral margin. Spiracles elliptical. Trichobothria aligned with spiracles. Cicatrices and intersegmental areas brown. Segment VII (VII) produced, but not reaching the level of laterotergites 8 in females ( Figs. 5 , 15 , 20 , 25 , 30 , 35 , 44 , 49 ).

Male: Pygophore (pyg) rectangular in dorsal view, open dorsoposteriorly ( Figs. 1 , 11 , 16 , 21 , 26 , 31 , 36 , 40 , 45 ). Dorsal rim dark or slightly dark. Surface of genital cup processes and distal part of parameres textured like lizard scales. Bottom of genital cup on each side of proctiger, forming a rough dark ridge (pgc) that partially covers base of parameres ( Figs. 2 , 12 , 17 , 22 , 27 , 32 , 37 , 41 , 46 ), this structure continue inside pygophore as a low ridge on the side of the phallus . Genital cup processes (gp) flat ( Figs.1–2 , 11–13 , 17 , 21 , 26 , 31 , 36 , 41 , 45 ) and entirely or partially dark. Parameres (pa) with a main distal expansion variable in shape and an anterior expansion usually subtriangular (ae) near base ( Figs. 4 , 14 , 19 , 24 , 39 , 43 , 48 ); base of the paramere discoid and large (not illustrated). Proctiger (X) cylindrical, short and glossy; distal part slightly rough with a little to strong constriction just before a lateral expansion with different shapes.Ventral rim sparsely punctured and furrowed; deeply excavated medially leaving anal opening visible; margins of excavation with two lobes; vertex of excavation with a rugulose, concave and dark area ( Figs. 3 , 13 , 18 , 23 , 28 , 33 , 38 , 42 , 47 ). Phallus : phallotheca (ph) cylindrical, elongated, curved dorsally and strongly esclerotized; vesica (v) short, about 1/10 of length of phallotheca, with a pair of convergent tooth-like dorsal processes and a single ventral membranous lobe ( Figs. 7–9 ); ductus seminis distalis (dsd) short, not surpassing apex of vesica ( Fig. 7 ); conjunctiva absent.

Female: Gonocoxites 8 (gc8) reduced to various extent. Gonapophyses 8 (gn8) sclerotized, and broad, forming rectangular single plate that occupies the space left by gonocoxites 8. Gonocoxite 9 (gc9) trapezoidal, anterolateral angles forming short arms that not reach apex of laterotergites 9; anterior margin medially concave. Gonapophyses 9 (gn9) with a medial thickening (mt). Thickening of vaginal intima (tvi) with a beak-like projection, visible in lateral view. Chitinellipsen (ch) present. Ductus receptaculi (dr) thin, shorter after vesicular area. Capsula seminalis (cs) with three digitiform processes, directed toward annular crests but not reaching posterior one (aac, pac); pars intermedialis (pi) slightly esclerotized ( Fig. 10 ). Laterotergites 8 (la8) longitudinally convex and acuminate; distal margin dark; acute apex surpassing level of posterolateral angle of abdominal segment VII Spiracles present at the base of laterotergites 8. Laterotergites 9 (la9) triangular, with median depression, furrowed, and with distal margin reaching or passing band dorsally uniting laterotergites 8. Segment X (X) rectangular ( Figs. 5 , 15 , 20 , 25 , 30 , 35 , 44 , 49 ).

Comments. The proposed new genus is based on the morphology of the genitalia of both sexes. Paraedessa is easily recognizable by the proctiger presenting a remarkable lateral expansion of proctiger ( Figs. 2 , 12 , 17 , 22 , 27 , 32 , 37 , 41 , 46 ); female genitalia also shows a unique reduction of the gonocoxites 8 and a great development and sclerotization of the gonapophyses 8 ( Figs. 5 , 15 , 20 , 25 , 30 , 35 , 44 , 49 ); less conspicuous but equally important is the rough dark ridge on the sides of proctiger and the discoid large base of the paramere. The species composing this genus have very similar facies and their identification is possible only comparing the genitalia. The general aspect of Paraedessa, except for its genitalia, is very similar to Edessa , especially for the subgenus Hypoxys. Both share a dorsal color green, but not the brown corium with whitish areas; humeral angle slightly projected, around the diameter of an eye; female with abdominal segment VII posteriorly developed but not projected beyond the genital plates.

Distribution ( Fig. 59 ): PUERTO RICO, NICARAGUA, COSTA RICA, PANAMA, VENEZUELA, COLOMBIA, SURINAME, FRENCH GUIANA, ECUADOR, PERU, BRAZIL, BOLIVIA.

Figures

FIGURE 59. Distribution of the species of Paraedessa.

FIGURES 50 – 55, Dorsal view of the species of Paraedessa. 50 — P. stolida; 51 — P. albomaculata; 52 — P. cyanodorsata; 53 — P. ecuadoriensis; 54 — P. heymonsi; 55 — P. paravinula (Scale = 5 mm).

FIGURES 56 – 58, Dorsal view of the species of Paraedessa. 56 — P. silvicola; 57 — P. subretangulata; 58 — P. verhoeffi (Scale = 5 mm).

FIGURES 1 – 6, Paraedessa stolida (Linnaeus, 1758). 1 – 3 Male, pygophore; 1 — dorsal view; 2 — posterior view; 3 — ventral view. (Scale = 1,0 mm). 4 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 5 — Female, genital plates. 6 — Metasternal process, ventral view. (ae—anterior expansion; dr—dorsal rim; gp—genital cup process; gc 8 — gonocoxite 8; gc 9 — gonocoxite 9; gn 8 — gonapophyses 8; la 8, laterotergite 8; la 9 — laterotergite 9; pa—parameres; pgc—projection of the floor of the genital cup; pygpygophore; pla—posterolateral angle; VII – tergite VII; vr—ventral rim; X—abdominal segment X. Scale = 1 mm).

FIGURES 11 – 15. Paraedessa albomaculata sp. nov. 11 – 13 Male, pygophore; 6 — dorsal view; 7 — posterior view; 8 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 14 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 15 — Female, genital plates. (Scale = 1 mm).

FIGURES 16 – 20, Paraedessa cyanodorsata sp. nov. 16 – 18, Male, pygophore; 16 — dorsal view; 17 — posterior view; 18 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 19 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 20 — Female, genital plates. (Scale = 1 mm). (lolobes).

FIGURES 21 – 25, Paraedessa ecuadoriensis sp. nov. 21 – 23 Male, pygophore; 21 — dorsal view; 22 — posterior view; 23 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 24 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 25 — Female, genital plates. (Scale = 1 mm).

FIGURES 26 – 30, Paraedessa heymonsi (Breddin, 1904). 26 – 28 Male, pygophore; 26 — dorsal view; 27 — posterior view; 28 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 29 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 30 — Female, genital plates. (Scale = 1 mm).

FIGURES 31 – 35, Paraedessa paravinula (Barber, 1935). 31 – 33 Male, pygophore; 31 — dorsal view; 32 — posterior view; 33 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 34 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 35 — Female, genital plates. (Scale = 1 mm).

FIGURES 36 – 39, Paraedessa silvicola sp. nov. 36 – 38 Male, pygophore; 36 — dorsal view; 37 — posterior view; 38 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 39 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm).

FIGURES 40 – 44, Paraedessa subretangulata sp. nov. 40 – 42 Male, pygophore; 40 — dorsal view; 41 — posterior view; 42 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 43 — Paramere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 44 — Female, genital plates. (Scale = 1 mm). (lo – lobes).

FIGURES 45 – 49, Paraedessa verhoeffi (Breddin, 1904). 45 – 47 Male, pygophore; 45 — dorsal view; 46 — posterior view; 47 — ventral view. (Scale = 1 mm). 48 — Paremere, lateral view. (Scale = 0,5 mm). 49 — Female, genital plates. (Scale = 1 mm).

FIGURES 7 – 10, Paraedessa stolida (Linnaeus, 1758). 7 – 9 Phallus, 7 — dorsal view; 8 — ventral view; 9 — lateral view. 10 — Laterotergites, gonocoxites and gonapophyses of ninth segment, and ectodermical genital ducts, ventral view. (aac—anterior annular crest; ch— Chitinellipsen; cs— capsula seminalis; dr— ductus receptaculi; dsd— ductus seminis distalis; gc 9 — gonocoxites 9; gn 9 — gonapophyses 9; la 9 — laterotergites 9; mt—medial thickening of gonapophyses 9; pac—posterior annular crest; ph— phallotheca; pi— pars intermedialis; tvi—thickening of vaginal intima; v—vesica; X—abdominal segment X. Scale = 1 mm).