Centropogon cornutus

Rollim, Isis De Mello, Coelho, Guilherme Peres, Miotto, Silvia Teresinha Sfoggia, Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira & Trovó, Marcelo, 2023, A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the Campanulaceae described in Vellozo’s Flora Fluminensis, Phytotaxa 589 (2), pp. 191-197 : 194

3. Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce (1914: 416).

= Lobelia purpurea Vellozo (1831: 156) . Lectotype (designated here):— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, “ Habitat maritimis, rivulorum proecipue ad ripas ”. [icon ined.] “Syng. Monog.: LOBELIA purpurea Tab. 156” ( Manuscript Sect. of Torre do Tombo , Lisbon) [PT/TT/ MSLIV/2778 available at https://digitarq.arquivos.pt/viewer?id=7792203], and published by Vellozo (Fl. Flumin. Icon. 8: t. 156. 1831).

Notes:—The illustration in the iconograph ( Vellozo 1831: 8, tab. 156) and Vellozo’s description ( Vellozo 1881) correspond to the genus Centropogon C. Presl (1836: 48) , recognizable by the tubular corolla without a dorsal cleft, with two dorsal lobes, two lateral lobes, and one ventral lobe, and fruit, a globose fleshy berry ( Fig. 1 C, D ). The synonymy was proposed by Wimmer (1937).

The plant morphology, as illustrated in the plate, matches the species C. cornutus , recognizable by the corolla lobes strongly recurved backwards and the anthers body densely tomentose. Amongst the species detailed here, it is of the widest geographic distribution and found in several countries of the Americas: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. It occurs in Coastal Forests (restinga), High Altitude Grasslands, Highland Rocky Fields, the Cerrado, Gallery Forests, Seasonally Semideciduos Forests, the Tropical Rain Forest, and occasionally in anthropized landscapes ( Rollim et al. 2020). Pastore et al. (2021) assume that Vellozo’s term maritimus refers to the municipality of Paraty in the state of Rio de Janeiro, due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. This region is part of the Serra da Bocaina National Park, with its moist and dense vegetation, typical of the Atlantic Forest Biome.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Representatives of Campanulaceae described in Vellozo’s Flora Fluminensis.A. Habit of Lobelia camporum. B. L. camporum detail of flowers. C. Habit of Centropogon cornutus. D. Lateral view of C. cornutus flower. E. Habit of L. fistulosa. F. Bracts and flowers details. G. Habit of Siphocampylus corymbifer. H. Lateral view of S. corymbifer flower. I. Habit of S. fluminensis. J. S. fluminensis flower detail. Photos A–B, I–J: Marcelo Trovó, C–D: Isis Rollim, E–H: Guilherme Coelho.